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In the title compound, C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2, the angles between the plane of the 2,3,5-trichloro­phenyl ring and those of the two 3-bromo­thien-2-yl rings are 89.7 (5) and 63.7 (1)°, with a dihedral angle of 77.4 (3)° between the last two planes.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807030589/tk2165sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807030589/tk2165Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 655049

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 103 K
  • Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.003 Å
  • R factor = 0.030
  • wR factor = 0.073
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 23.9

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level B PLAT431_ALERT_2_B Short Inter HL..A Contact Cl2 .. O1A .. 2.93 Ang.
Alert level C PLAT062_ALERT_4_C Rescale T(min) & T(max) by ..................... 0.32 PLAT431_ALERT_2_C Short Inter HL..A Contact Cl3 .. S1A .. 3.44 Ang. PLAT720_ALERT_4_C Number of Unusual/Non-Standard Label(s) ........ 8
Alert level G ABSTM02_ALERT_3_G When printed, the submitted absorption T values will be replaced by the scaled T values. Since the ratio of scaled T's is identical to the ratio of reported T values, the scaling does not imply a change to the absorption corrections used in the study. Ratio of Tmax expected/reported 0.324 Tmax scaled 0.324 Tmin scaled 0.136
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 1 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 3 ALERT level C = Check and explain 1 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 0 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 2 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 2 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

Comment top

The title compound, C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2, is a new derivative with potential in the high efficiency photovoltaic cell arena. Crystals of these types play an important role in electronic and photonic industries such as in the production of high efficiency photovoltaic cells, fabrication of bright and long-lasting light emitting diodes [LED] and in liquid crystal displays [LCD] (Tareen & Kutty, 2001). Present day demand is for large and high quality ferroelectric, piezoelectric single crystals with minimum defects and inhomogenities. In continuation of our work on crystal structures of new organic chalcones (Butcher et al., 2006a; 2006b; Butcher, Yathirajan, Sarojini et al., 2006), the title compound, (I), has been prepared and its crystal structure determined.

Molecules of (I) comprise two five-membered 3-bromothien-2-yl rings at each end of a pentane-1,5-dione group with a 2,3,5-trichlorophenyl ring at the 3-position. The angles between the plane of the 2,3,5-trichlorophenyl ring and the two 3-bromothien-2-yl rings are 89.7 (5)° and 63.7 (1)°, respectively, with a dihedral angle of 77.4 (3)° between the latter planes.

Related literature top

For general background, see: Tareen & Kutty (2001). For related literature on the title compound, see: Baxter et al. (1990); Ng et al. (2006); Yathirajan et al. (2006); Butcher et al. (2006a,b); Butcher, Yathirajan, Sarojini et al. (2006). For crystal structures of a new series of related compounds, see: Baxter et al. (1990); Ng et al. (2006); Yathirajan et al. (2006).

Experimental top

2-Acetyl-3-bromothiophene (20 g, 0.096 mol) in methanol (50 ml) was mixed with 2,3,5-trichlorobenzaldehyde (9.84 g, 0.048 mol) and the mixture was treated with 30% potassium hydroxide solution (10 ml) at 278 K. The reaction mixture was then brought to room temperature and stirred for 6 h. The precipitate was filtered, washed with water, dried and recrytallized from acetone (yield 65%; m.p. 403–405 K). Elemental analysis found: C 37.81, H, 1.72, S, 10.54%; C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2 requires: C 37.93, H, 1.84, S, 10.66%.

Refinement top

The H atoms were included in the riding model approximation with C—H = 0.95–1.00 Å, and with Uiso(H) = 1.17–1.28Ueq(C). The maximum residual electron density peaks of 1.11 and -0.62 e Å-3, respectively, were located 0.26 and 0.31 Å from the Br1B and Cl3 atoms.

Structure description top

The title compound, C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2, is a new derivative with potential in the high efficiency photovoltaic cell arena. Crystals of these types play an important role in electronic and photonic industries such as in the production of high efficiency photovoltaic cells, fabrication of bright and long-lasting light emitting diodes [LED] and in liquid crystal displays [LCD] (Tareen & Kutty, 2001). Present day demand is for large and high quality ferroelectric, piezoelectric single crystals with minimum defects and inhomogenities. In continuation of our work on crystal structures of new organic chalcones (Butcher et al., 2006a; 2006b; Butcher, Yathirajan, Sarojini et al., 2006), the title compound, (I), has been prepared and its crystal structure determined.

Molecules of (I) comprise two five-membered 3-bromothien-2-yl rings at each end of a pentane-1,5-dione group with a 2,3,5-trichlorophenyl ring at the 3-position. The angles between the plane of the 2,3,5-trichlorophenyl ring and the two 3-bromothien-2-yl rings are 89.7 (5)° and 63.7 (1)°, respectively, with a dihedral angle of 77.4 (3)° between the latter planes.

For general background, see: Tareen & Kutty (2001). For related literature on the title compound, see: Baxter et al. (1990); Ng et al. (2006); Yathirajan et al. (2006); Butcher et al. (2006a,b); Butcher, Yathirajan, Sarojini et al. (2006). For crystal structures of a new series of related compounds, see: Baxter et al. (1990); Ng et al. (2006); Yathirajan et al. (2006).

Computing details top

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2006); cell refinement: APEX2; data reduction: APEX2; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 1990); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2000).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. Molecular structure of C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2, (I), showing atom labeling and 50% probability displacement ellipsoids.
1,5-Bis(3-bromothien-2-yl)-3-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)pentane-1,5-dione top
Crystal data top
C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2F(000) = 1176
Mr = 601.57Dx = 1.923 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ybcCell parameters from 8105 reflections
a = 9.1380 (7) Åθ = 2.6–30.7°
b = 16.0009 (11) ŵ = 4.50 mm1
c = 14.2139 (10) ÅT = 103 K
β = 90.982 (1)°Block, colorless
V = 2078.0 (3) Å30.47 × 0.36 × 0.25 mm
Z = 4
Data collection top
Bruker APEX2 CCD area-detector
diffractometer
6056 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube4876 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.049
Detector resolution: 0 pixels mm-1θmax = 30.8°, θmin = 1.9°
φ and ω scansh = 1311
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003)
k = 2122
Tmin = 0.418, Tmax = 1l = 1920
23415 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.030Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.073H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.04 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0387P)2 + 0.0251P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
6056 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.002
253 parametersΔρmax = 1.11 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = 0.62 e Å3
Crystal data top
C19H11Br2Cl3O2S2V = 2078.0 (3) Å3
Mr = 601.57Z = 4
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation
a = 9.1380 (7) ŵ = 4.50 mm1
b = 16.0009 (11) ÅT = 103 K
c = 14.2139 (10) Å0.47 × 0.36 × 0.25 mm
β = 90.982 (1)°
Data collection top
Bruker APEX2 CCD area-detector
diffractometer
6056 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003)
4876 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.418, Tmax = 1Rint = 0.049
23415 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0300 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.073H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.04Δρmax = 1.11 e Å3
6056 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.62 e Å3
253 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Br1A0.42307 (3)0.511785 (13)0.648516 (14)0.01881 (6)
Br1B1.12651 (2)0.381058 (14)0.725489 (16)0.02260 (7)
Cl10.70399 (6)0.05547 (3)0.60137 (3)0.01631 (10)
Cl20.49719 (6)0.09934 (3)0.61154 (3)0.01831 (11)
Cl30.04397 (6)0.09993 (4)0.69036 (4)0.02140 (12)
S1A0.21611 (7)0.38361 (3)0.40676 (4)0.01961 (12)
S1B0.83068 (6)0.25216 (3)0.91758 (3)0.01789 (11)
O1A0.41995 (19)0.25982 (10)0.47067 (11)0.0240 (4)
O1B0.83649 (17)0.30796 (10)0.64807 (10)0.0211 (3)
C10.5688 (2)0.22485 (12)0.63890 (13)0.0131 (4)
H1A0.63810.21550.58620.016*
C20.4658 (2)0.15015 (12)0.64167 (13)0.0127 (4)
C30.5207 (2)0.06961 (12)0.62640 (13)0.0126 (4)
C40.4291 (2)0.00007 (12)0.63045 (13)0.0141 (4)
C50.2823 (2)0.00884 (13)0.64963 (14)0.0161 (4)
H5A0.21970.03850.65230.019*
C60.2289 (2)0.08842 (13)0.66489 (14)0.0148 (4)
C70.3180 (2)0.15832 (13)0.66149 (13)0.0145 (4)
H7A0.27790.21210.67270.017*
C1A0.4946 (2)0.30930 (12)0.62241 (13)0.0145 (4)
H1AA0.42410.31930.67330.017*
H1AB0.56970.35390.62610.017*
C2A0.4146 (2)0.31545 (13)0.52842 (14)0.0151 (4)
C3A0.3280 (2)0.39106 (13)0.50608 (13)0.0147 (4)
C4A0.3183 (2)0.47060 (13)0.54265 (14)0.0163 (4)
C5A0.2239 (3)0.52417 (14)0.49206 (15)0.0224 (5)
H5AA0.20600.58080.50850.027*
C6A0.1615 (3)0.48482 (15)0.41672 (17)0.0247 (5)
H6AA0.09450.51100.37420.030*
C1B0.6602 (2)0.22759 (13)0.73140 (13)0.0143 (4)
H1BA0.59940.25130.78190.017*
H1BB0.68700.16980.74980.017*
C2B0.7981 (2)0.27905 (13)0.72335 (14)0.0150 (4)
C3B0.8870 (2)0.29115 (13)0.80966 (14)0.0149 (4)
C4B1.0196 (2)0.33041 (13)0.82200 (15)0.0174 (4)
C5B1.0748 (3)0.32997 (14)0.91510 (16)0.0216 (5)
H5BA1.16450.35530.93420.026*
C6B0.9842 (3)0.28887 (15)0.97444 (16)0.0236 (5)
H6BA1.00390.28151.03970.028*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Br1A0.02604 (13)0.01413 (10)0.01631 (10)0.00164 (8)0.00192 (8)0.00241 (8)
Br1B0.01341 (12)0.02203 (12)0.03247 (12)0.00257 (9)0.00378 (9)0.00598 (9)
Cl10.0119 (2)0.0159 (2)0.0212 (2)0.00163 (19)0.00085 (17)0.00031 (19)
Cl20.0222 (3)0.0106 (2)0.0221 (2)0.00047 (19)0.00084 (19)0.00063 (18)
Cl30.0103 (3)0.0265 (3)0.0274 (3)0.0004 (2)0.00133 (19)0.0049 (2)
S1A0.0215 (3)0.0182 (3)0.0190 (2)0.0012 (2)0.0050 (2)0.0011 (2)
S1B0.0161 (3)0.0215 (3)0.0161 (2)0.0018 (2)0.00106 (18)0.0008 (2)
O1A0.0350 (10)0.0158 (7)0.0209 (7)0.0063 (7)0.0061 (7)0.0054 (6)
O1B0.0175 (9)0.0255 (8)0.0204 (7)0.0052 (7)0.0004 (6)0.0046 (6)
C10.0133 (10)0.0112 (9)0.0148 (8)0.0010 (8)0.0004 (7)0.0005 (7)
C20.0139 (10)0.0125 (9)0.0115 (8)0.0001 (8)0.0013 (7)0.0021 (7)
C30.0100 (10)0.0139 (9)0.0138 (8)0.0003 (8)0.0011 (7)0.0008 (7)
C40.0172 (11)0.0102 (9)0.0147 (9)0.0001 (8)0.0031 (7)0.0003 (7)
C50.0169 (11)0.0152 (10)0.0161 (9)0.0060 (8)0.0038 (8)0.0017 (8)
C60.0079 (10)0.0207 (10)0.0157 (9)0.0002 (8)0.0006 (7)0.0029 (8)
C70.0147 (11)0.0135 (9)0.0152 (9)0.0013 (8)0.0005 (7)0.0005 (8)
C1A0.0151 (11)0.0123 (9)0.0159 (9)0.0004 (8)0.0005 (7)0.0010 (8)
C2A0.0149 (11)0.0133 (9)0.0172 (9)0.0007 (8)0.0006 (7)0.0015 (8)
C3A0.0141 (11)0.0150 (9)0.0150 (9)0.0017 (8)0.0027 (7)0.0029 (8)
C4A0.0188 (11)0.0156 (10)0.0145 (9)0.0000 (8)0.0022 (7)0.0009 (8)
C5A0.0266 (13)0.0172 (11)0.0233 (10)0.0065 (9)0.0021 (9)0.0012 (9)
C6A0.0229 (13)0.0224 (11)0.0287 (11)0.0076 (10)0.0026 (9)0.0056 (10)
C1B0.0124 (10)0.0136 (9)0.0169 (9)0.0014 (8)0.0002 (7)0.0009 (8)
C2B0.0121 (10)0.0122 (9)0.0208 (9)0.0021 (8)0.0003 (7)0.0004 (8)
C3B0.0128 (11)0.0140 (9)0.0178 (9)0.0010 (8)0.0021 (7)0.0024 (8)
C4B0.0143 (11)0.0156 (10)0.0223 (10)0.0006 (8)0.0017 (8)0.0014 (8)
C5B0.0157 (12)0.0213 (11)0.0276 (11)0.0024 (9)0.0037 (9)0.0046 (9)
C6B0.0236 (13)0.0282 (12)0.0188 (9)0.0005 (10)0.0044 (8)0.0061 (9)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Br1A—C4A1.888 (2)C6—C71.385 (3)
Br1B—C4B1.881 (2)C7—H7A0.9500
Cl1—C31.733 (2)C1A—C2A1.515 (3)
Cl2—C41.728 (2)C1A—H1AA0.9900
Cl3—C61.744 (2)C1A—H1AB0.9900
S1A—C6A1.701 (2)C2A—C3A1.478 (3)
S1A—C3A1.733 (2)C3A—C4A1.378 (3)
S1B—C6B1.711 (2)C4A—C5A1.405 (3)
S1B—C3B1.742 (2)C5A—C6A1.359 (3)
O1A—C2A1.212 (2)C5A—H5AA0.9500
O1B—C2B1.222 (2)C6A—H6AA0.9500
C1—C21.523 (3)C1B—C2B1.512 (3)
C1—C1A1.528 (3)C1B—H1BA0.9900
C1—C1B1.546 (3)C1B—H1BB0.9900
C1—H1A1.0000C2B—C3B1.473 (3)
C2—C71.391 (3)C3B—C4B1.373 (3)
C2—C31.401 (3)C4B—C5B1.408 (3)
C3—C41.396 (3)C5B—C6B1.361 (3)
C4—C51.381 (3)C5B—H5BA0.9500
C5—C61.382 (3)C6B—H6BA0.9500
C5—H5A0.9500
C6A—S1A—C3A92.10 (11)C3A—C2A—C1A119.43 (17)
C6B—S1B—C3B92.33 (11)C4A—C3A—C2A135.45 (19)
C2—C1—C1A115.15 (17)C4A—C3A—S1A109.28 (15)
C2—C1—C1B108.98 (15)C2A—C3A—S1A115.17 (15)
C1A—C1—C1B109.70 (16)C3A—C4A—C5A114.39 (19)
C2—C1—H1A107.6C3A—C4A—Br1A126.02 (16)
C1A—C1—H1A107.6C5A—C4A—Br1A119.55 (16)
C1B—C1—H1A107.6C6A—C5A—C4A111.5 (2)
C7—C2—C3118.00 (19)C6A—C5A—H5AA124.3
C7—C2—C1122.32 (18)C4A—C5A—H5AA124.3
C3—C2—C1119.65 (19)C5A—C6A—S1A112.74 (18)
C4—C3—C2120.77 (19)C5A—C6A—H6AA123.6
C4—C3—Cl1119.11 (16)S1A—C6A—H6AA123.6
C2—C3—Cl1120.12 (16)C2B—C1B—C1112.93 (16)
C5—C4—C3120.71 (19)C2B—C1B—H1BA109.0
C5—C4—Cl2118.63 (16)C1—C1B—H1BA109.0
C3—C4—Cl2120.66 (17)C2B—C1B—H1BB109.0
C4—C5—C6118.25 (19)C1—C1B—H1BB109.0
C4—C5—H5A120.9H1BA—C1B—H1BB107.8
C6—C5—H5A120.9O1B—C2B—C3B121.1 (2)
C5—C6—C7122.0 (2)O1B—C2B—C1B121.62 (18)
C5—C6—Cl3118.43 (17)C3B—C2B—C1B117.21 (17)
C7—C6—Cl3119.62 (17)C4B—C3B—C2B129.74 (19)
C6—C7—C2120.31 (19)C4B—C3B—S1B108.96 (15)
C6—C7—H7A119.8C2B—C3B—S1B121.30 (16)
C2—C7—H7A119.8C3B—C4B—C5B114.8 (2)
C2A—C1A—C1113.50 (16)C3B—C4B—Br1B124.89 (16)
C2A—C1A—H1AA108.9C5B—C4B—Br1B120.35 (17)
C1—C1A—H1AA108.9C6B—C5B—C4B111.9 (2)
C2A—C1A—H1AB108.9C6B—C5B—H5BA124.1
C1—C1A—H1AB108.9C4B—C5B—H5BA124.1
H1AA—C1A—H1AB107.7C5B—C6B—S1B112.07 (17)
O1A—C2A—C3A118.89 (18)C5B—C6B—H6BA124.0
O1A—C2A—C1A121.68 (19)S1B—C6B—H6BA124.0
C1A—C1—C2—C722.0 (3)C6A—S1A—C3A—C4A0.15 (17)
C1B—C1—C2—C7101.8 (2)C6A—S1A—C3A—C2A176.73 (17)
C1A—C1—C2—C3159.82 (17)C2A—C3A—C4A—C5A175.8 (2)
C1B—C1—C2—C376.4 (2)S1A—C3A—C4A—C5A0.2 (2)
C7—C2—C3—C40.4 (3)C2A—C3A—C4A—Br1A2.0 (4)
C1—C2—C3—C4178.70 (17)S1A—C3A—C4A—Br1A178.02 (12)
C7—C2—C3—Cl1179.98 (14)C3A—C4A—C5A—C6A0.1 (3)
C1—C2—C3—Cl11.7 (2)Br1A—C4A—C5A—C6A178.10 (17)
C2—C3—C4—C50.0 (3)C4A—C5A—C6A—S1A0.0 (3)
Cl1—C3—C4—C5179.60 (15)C3A—S1A—C6A—C5A0.1 (2)
C2—C3—C4—Cl2179.97 (14)C2—C1—C1B—C2B160.27 (17)
Cl1—C3—C4—Cl20.4 (2)C1A—C1—C1B—C2B72.8 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C60.2 (3)C1—C1B—C2B—O1B6.3 (3)
Cl2—C4—C5—C6179.84 (14)C1—C1B—C2B—C3B175.29 (17)
C4—C5—C6—C70.0 (3)O1B—C2B—C3B—C4B2.4 (4)
C4—C5—C6—Cl3179.34 (15)C1B—C2B—C3B—C4B176.0 (2)
C5—C6—C7—C20.4 (3)O1B—C2B—C3B—S1B178.49 (17)
Cl3—C6—C7—C2179.73 (14)C1B—C2B—C3B—S1B3.1 (3)
C3—C2—C7—C60.6 (3)C6B—S1B—C3B—C4B0.16 (17)
C1—C2—C7—C6178.85 (17)C6B—S1B—C3B—C2B179.10 (18)
C2—C1—C1A—C2A62.4 (2)C2B—C3B—C4B—C5B179.5 (2)
C1B—C1—C1A—C2A174.27 (17)S1B—C3B—C4B—C5B0.3 (2)
C1—C1A—C2A—O1A4.9 (3)C2B—C3B—C4B—Br1B0.2 (3)
C1—C1A—C2A—C3A175.17 (18)S1B—C3B—C4B—Br1B178.98 (12)
O1A—C2A—C3A—C4A164.8 (2)C3B—C4B—C5B—C6B0.8 (3)
C1A—C2A—C3A—C4A15.1 (4)Br1B—C4B—C5B—C6B178.53 (17)
O1A—C2A—C3A—S1A11.0 (3)C4B—C5B—C6B—S1B0.9 (3)
C1A—C2A—C3A—S1A169.05 (15)C3B—S1B—C6B—C5B0.6 (2)

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC19H11Br2Cl3O2S2
Mr601.57
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/c
Temperature (K)103
a, b, c (Å)9.1380 (7), 16.0009 (11), 14.2139 (10)
β (°) 90.982 (1)
V3)2078.0 (3)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)4.50
Crystal size (mm)0.47 × 0.36 × 0.25
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEX2 CCD area-detector
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 2003)
Tmin, Tmax0.418, 1
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
23415, 6056, 4876
Rint0.049
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.720
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.030, 0.073, 1.04
No. of reflections6056
No. of parameters253
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)1.11, 0.62

Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2006), APEX2, SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 1990), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1997), SHELXTL (Bruker, 2000).

 

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