Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807032539/hg2248sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807032539/hg2248Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 631707
A 10 ml me thanolic solution of 2,2'-bipyridine (0.078 g, 0.5 mmol, i.e. large excess) was added to a 20 mL me thanolic suspension of [Cu3(dppm)3(OH)](BF4)2 (0.0767 g, 0.05 mmol) (Ho & Bau, 1983) under N2 atmosphere. The mixture was stirred for 2 days. The filtrate was kept in diethyl ether atmosphere for two weeks, yellow crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were formed.
All hydrogen atoms were generated geometrically (C—H bond lengths fixed at 0.93 Å), assigned appropriated isotropic thermal parameters, Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C). The (BF4)- anions are disordered, F—B distances were restrained to 1.36 (1) Å. The ethyl ether molecules are disordered over two sites, the C···O and C···C distances were restrained to ensure a reasonable geometry.
d10 polynuclear copper complexes generally exhibit rich luminescence and recently have attracted much attention on both a theoretical and a spectroscopic level (Pan et al., 2006; Pyykkö & Mendizabal, 1998; Ryu et al., 1993). A series of luminescent dinuclear d10 complexes with bridging phosphane ligands have been studied (Harvey et al., 1997; King et al., 1989; Perreault et al., 1992; Che et al., 2000). Here, we report crystal structure of [Cu2(dppm)2(bpy)2](BF4)2.2C4H10O, (I).
The Cu atom in (I) (Fig. 1) has a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry involving two N atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine ligand and two P atoms of two (diphenylphosphino)methane ligand. The Cu—N bond lengths are 2.080 (3) and 2.109 (3) Å, while the Cu—P bonds are 2.272 (1) and 2.227 (1)Å [2 - x, 1 - y, -z](Table 1). The two CuI ions in (I) are doubly bridged by two (diphenylphosphino)methane ligands. There are no Cu—Cu bonds, as the measured distance (rCu···Cu = 4.471 (3) Å) is greater than the sum of the van der Waals radii (rvdW(Cu) = 1.40 Å).
For related literature, see: Che et al. (2000); Harvey et al. (1997); Ho & Bau (1983); King et al. (1989); Pan et al. (2006); Perreault et al. (1992); Pyykkö & Mendizabal (1998); Ryu et al. (1993).
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1997); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 1997); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: XP (Sheldrick, 1998); software used to prepare material for publication: XP.
[Cu2(C25H22P2)2(C10H8N2)2](BF4)2·2C4H10O | F(000) = 1584 |
Mr = 1530.09 | Dx = 1.357 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 2605 reflections |
a = 14.942 (5) Å | θ = 3.0–26.4° |
b = 13.432 (4) Å | µ = 0.72 mm−1 |
c = 19.734 (6) Å | T = 294 K |
β = 108.970 (6)° | Block, yellow |
V = 3746 (2) Å3 | 0.22 × 0.18 × 0.16 mm |
Z = 2 |
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer | 6602 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 4337 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.043 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 25.0°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −17→17 |
Tmin = 0.857, Tmax = 0.895 | k = −15→15 |
19160 measured reflections | l = −23→12 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.132 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.04 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0582P)2 + 2.5517P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
6602 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
534 parameters | Δρmax = 0.40 e Å−3 |
60 restraints | Δρmin = −0.31 e Å−3 |
[Cu2(C25H22P2)2(C10H8N2)2](BF4)2·2C4H10O | V = 3746 (2) Å3 |
Mr = 1530.09 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 14.942 (5) Å | µ = 0.72 mm−1 |
b = 13.432 (4) Å | T = 294 K |
c = 19.734 (6) Å | 0.22 × 0.18 × 0.16 mm |
β = 108.970 (6)° |
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer | 6602 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 4337 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.857, Tmax = 0.895 | Rint = 0.043 |
19160 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045 | 60 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.132 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.04 | Δρmax = 0.40 e Å−3 |
6602 reflections | Δρmin = −0.31 e Å−3 |
534 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Cu1 | 0.89350 (3) | 0.40826 (4) | 0.03928 (2) | 0.04066 (16) | |
P1 | 1.03081 (7) | 0.45536 (8) | 0.12368 (5) | 0.0379 (2) | |
P2 | 1.14667 (7) | 0.62233 (7) | 0.07772 (5) | 0.0375 (2) | |
N1 | 0.7958 (2) | 0.4649 (3) | 0.08405 (17) | 0.0475 (8) | |
N2 | 0.8587 (2) | 0.2798 (3) | 0.08685 (16) | 0.0490 (8) | |
C1 | 1.0103 (3) | 0.4376 (3) | 0.20948 (19) | 0.0435 (10) | |
C2 | 1.0196 (3) | 0.3430 (4) | 0.2392 (2) | 0.0608 (12) | |
H2 | 1.0435 | 0.2915 | 0.2186 | 0.073* | |
C3 | 0.9941 (4) | 0.3247 (5) | 0.2986 (3) | 0.0835 (17) | |
H3 | 1.0008 | 0.2610 | 0.3180 | 0.100* | |
C4 | 0.9592 (5) | 0.3989 (6) | 0.3295 (3) | 0.102 (2) | |
H4 | 0.9422 | 0.3861 | 0.3700 | 0.122* | |
C5 | 0.9491 (4) | 0.4928 (5) | 0.3008 (3) | 0.0912 (18) | |
H5 | 0.9249 | 0.5435 | 0.3218 | 0.109* | |
C6 | 0.9749 (3) | 0.5131 (4) | 0.2402 (2) | 0.0611 (12) | |
H6 | 0.9681 | 0.5769 | 0.2209 | 0.073* | |
C7 | 1.1341 (3) | 0.3783 (3) | 0.1327 (2) | 0.0433 (9) | |
C8 | 1.1349 (3) | 0.3209 (3) | 0.0746 (2) | 0.0602 (12) | |
H8 | 1.0836 | 0.3226 | 0.0325 | 0.072* | |
C9 | 1.2120 (4) | 0.2610 (4) | 0.0791 (3) | 0.0836 (16) | |
H9 | 1.2126 | 0.2226 | 0.0400 | 0.100* | |
C10 | 1.2877 (4) | 0.2588 (4) | 0.1416 (4) | 0.0833 (16) | |
H10 | 1.3396 | 0.2186 | 0.1446 | 0.100* | |
C11 | 1.2874 (3) | 0.3146 (4) | 0.1988 (3) | 0.0683 (14) | |
H11 | 1.3391 | 0.3126 | 0.2407 | 0.082* | |
C12 | 1.2114 (3) | 0.3739 (3) | 0.1953 (2) | 0.0522 (11) | |
H12 | 1.2115 | 0.4115 | 0.2349 | 0.063* | |
C13 | 1.0725 (3) | 0.5853 (3) | 0.13178 (19) | 0.0419 (9) | |
H13A | 1.0174 | 0.6285 | 0.1191 | 0.050* | |
H13B | 1.1079 | 0.5978 | 0.1817 | 0.050* | |
C14 | 1.2651 (3) | 0.5858 (3) | 0.1340 (2) | 0.0412 (9) | |
C15 | 1.3211 (3) | 0.5318 (4) | 0.1053 (2) | 0.0602 (12) | |
H15 | 1.2986 | 0.5141 | 0.0572 | 0.072* | |
C16 | 1.4115 (3) | 0.5026 (4) | 0.1473 (3) | 0.0801 (16) | |
H16 | 1.4490 | 0.4651 | 0.1275 | 0.096* | |
C17 | 1.4449 (4) | 0.5295 (4) | 0.2179 (3) | 0.0793 (16) | |
H17 | 1.5051 | 0.5100 | 0.2461 | 0.095* | |
C18 | 1.3902 (3) | 0.5849 (4) | 0.2470 (3) | 0.0691 (14) | |
H18 | 1.4137 | 0.6037 | 0.2949 | 0.083* | |
C19 | 1.3001 (3) | 0.6131 (3) | 0.2056 (2) | 0.0569 (11) | |
H19 | 1.2628 | 0.6504 | 0.2258 | 0.068* | |
C20 | 1.1524 (3) | 0.7576 (3) | 0.08989 (19) | 0.0441 (10) | |
C21 | 1.2357 (3) | 0.8070 (3) | 0.0957 (2) | 0.0610 (12) | |
H21 | 1.2891 | 0.7704 | 0.0972 | 0.073* | |
C22 | 1.2411 (4) | 0.9089 (4) | 0.0993 (3) | 0.0800 (16) | |
H22 | 1.2980 | 0.9410 | 0.1039 | 0.096* | |
C23 | 1.1627 (6) | 0.9626 (4) | 0.0960 (3) | 0.099 (2) | |
H23 | 1.1659 | 1.0317 | 0.0978 | 0.118* | |
C24 | 1.0790 (5) | 0.9161 (4) | 0.0902 (3) | 0.0911 (18) | |
H24 | 1.0258 | 0.9535 | 0.0882 | 0.109* | |
C25 | 1.0738 (4) | 0.8137 (3) | 0.0875 (3) | 0.0640 (13) | |
H25 | 1.0170 | 0.7822 | 0.0840 | 0.077* | |
C26 | 0.7694 (3) | 0.5600 (4) | 0.0828 (2) | 0.0627 (12) | |
H26 | 0.7902 | 0.6048 | 0.0552 | 0.075* | |
C27 | 0.7126 (4) | 0.5950 (5) | 0.1205 (3) | 0.0807 (16) | |
H27 | 0.6944 | 0.6615 | 0.1180 | 0.097* | |
C28 | 0.6842 (4) | 0.5284 (6) | 0.1613 (3) | 0.094 (2) | |
H28 | 0.6459 | 0.5495 | 0.1874 | 0.113* | |
C29 | 0.7113 (4) | 0.4309 (5) | 0.1644 (3) | 0.0818 (17) | |
H29 | 0.6925 | 0.3859 | 0.1930 | 0.098* | |
C30 | 0.7671 (3) | 0.4002 (4) | 0.1244 (2) | 0.0553 (12) | |
C31 | 0.7986 (3) | 0.2970 (4) | 0.1233 (2) | 0.0541 (11) | |
C32 | 0.7680 (4) | 0.2190 (5) | 0.1572 (3) | 0.0801 (16) | |
H32 | 0.7270 | 0.2310 | 0.1831 | 0.096* | |
C33 | 0.7994 (4) | 0.1252 (5) | 0.1518 (3) | 0.0911 (19) | |
H33 | 0.7784 | 0.0724 | 0.1732 | 0.109* | |
C34 | 0.8606 (4) | 0.1078 (4) | 0.1155 (3) | 0.0785 (16) | |
H34 | 0.8828 | 0.0439 | 0.1122 | 0.094* | |
C35 | 0.8889 (3) | 0.1871 (3) | 0.0839 (2) | 0.0601 (12) | |
H35 | 0.9312 | 0.1757 | 0.0590 | 0.072* | |
B1 | 0.3873 (4) | 0.7013 (4) | 0.6889 (4) | 0.104 (3) | |
F1 | 0.4849 (4) | 0.7197 (6) | 0.7232 (5) | 0.147 (4) | 0.610 (11) |
F2 | 0.3676 (7) | 0.7312 (8) | 0.6190 (4) | 0.122 (3) | 0.610 (11) |
F3 | 0.3700 (6) | 0.6049 (4) | 0.6941 (4) | 0.112 (3) | 0.610 (11) |
F4 | 0.3431 (5) | 0.7569 (5) | 0.7258 (3) | 0.105 (3) | 0.610 (11) |
F1' | 0.3974 (9) | 0.7667 (8) | 0.6416 (7) | 0.097 (4) | 0.390 (11) |
F2' | 0.2924 (7) | 0.6907 (12) | 0.6820 (9) | 0.178 (7) | 0.390 (11) |
F3' | 0.4112 (11) | 0.6097 (7) | 0.6678 (8) | 0.145 (6) | 0.390 (11) |
F4' | 0.4378 (13) | 0.7177 (14) | 0.7567 (6) | 0.250 (11) | 0.390 (11) |
O1 | 0.9395 (6) | 0.3004 (6) | 0.4884 (4) | 0.111 (4) | 0.565 (13) |
C36 | 0.8268 (11) | 0.4325 (12) | 0.4737 (10) | 0.154 (7) | 0.565 (13) |
H36A | 0.8128 | 0.4911 | 0.4963 | 0.231* | 0.565 (13) |
H36B | 0.7763 | 0.3853 | 0.4663 | 0.231* | 0.565 (13) |
H36C | 0.8334 | 0.4501 | 0.4284 | 0.231* | 0.565 (13) |
C37 | 0.9196 (10) | 0.3860 (10) | 0.5220 (8) | 0.132 (6) | 0.565 (13) |
H37A | 0.9709 | 0.4336 | 0.5302 | 0.158* | 0.565 (13) |
H37B | 0.9136 | 0.3684 | 0.5680 | 0.158* | 0.565 (13) |
C38 | 1.0271 (10) | 0.2522 (11) | 0.5241 (11) | 0.174 (9) | 0.565 (13) |
H38A | 1.0383 | 0.2524 | 0.5753 | 0.208* | 0.565 (13) |
H38B | 1.0783 | 0.2884 | 0.5151 | 0.208* | 0.565 (13) |
C39 | 1.0260 (11) | 0.1472 (10) | 0.4984 (10) | 0.140 (7) | 0.565 (13) |
H39A | 1.0853 | 0.1158 | 0.5234 | 0.210* | 0.565 (13) |
H39B | 1.0166 | 0.1472 | 0.4479 | 0.210* | 0.565 (13) |
H39C | 0.9755 | 0.1113 | 0.5075 | 0.210* | 0.565 (13) |
O1' | 0.9797 (12) | 0.3255 (13) | 0.5339 (14) | 0.282 (14) | 0.435 (13) |
C36' | 0.878 (2) | 0.4681 (16) | 0.486 (2) | 0.26 (2) | 0.435 (13) |
H36D | 0.8131 | 0.4894 | 0.4724 | 0.388* | 0.435 (13) |
H36E | 0.9017 | 0.4773 | 0.4472 | 0.388* | 0.435 (13) |
H36F | 0.9149 | 0.5066 | 0.5268 | 0.388* | 0.435 (13) |
C37' | 0.8839 (11) | 0.3579 (14) | 0.5071 (14) | 0.132 (9) | 0.435 (13) |
H37C | 0.8539 | 0.3476 | 0.5433 | 0.159* | 0.435 (13) |
H37D | 0.8501 | 0.3185 | 0.4654 | 0.159* | 0.435 (13) |
C38' | 0.9885 (14) | 0.2185 (13) | 0.5302 (11) | 0.136 (9) | 0.435 (13) |
H38C | 0.9265 | 0.1892 | 0.5082 | 0.163* | 0.435 (13) |
H38D | 1.0148 | 0.1916 | 0.5782 | 0.163* | 0.435 (13) |
C39' | 1.0519 (12) | 0.1928 (14) | 0.4870 (8) | 0.095 (6) | 0.435 (13) |
H39D | 1.0608 | 0.1220 | 0.4874 | 0.142* | 0.435 (13) |
H39E | 1.1120 | 0.2250 | 0.5075 | 0.142* | 0.435 (13) |
H39F | 1.0232 | 0.2151 | 0.4385 | 0.142* | 0.435 (13) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cu1 | 0.0417 (3) | 0.0494 (3) | 0.0327 (3) | −0.0030 (2) | 0.0147 (2) | 0.0003 (2) |
P1 | 0.0407 (5) | 0.0450 (6) | 0.0298 (5) | −0.0031 (4) | 0.0139 (4) | 0.0015 (4) |
P2 | 0.0400 (5) | 0.0418 (6) | 0.0323 (5) | −0.0020 (4) | 0.0139 (4) | 0.0004 (4) |
N1 | 0.0436 (18) | 0.059 (2) | 0.0419 (19) | −0.0036 (17) | 0.0164 (16) | −0.0069 (16) |
N2 | 0.054 (2) | 0.056 (2) | 0.0365 (18) | −0.0080 (17) | 0.0140 (16) | 0.0053 (16) |
C1 | 0.042 (2) | 0.062 (3) | 0.0276 (19) | −0.0058 (19) | 0.0123 (17) | 0.0022 (18) |
C2 | 0.065 (3) | 0.077 (3) | 0.042 (2) | −0.006 (2) | 0.019 (2) | 0.017 (2) |
C3 | 0.095 (4) | 0.102 (5) | 0.056 (3) | −0.007 (3) | 0.029 (3) | 0.028 (3) |
C4 | 0.117 (5) | 0.149 (7) | 0.057 (3) | −0.011 (5) | 0.052 (4) | 0.027 (4) |
C5 | 0.101 (4) | 0.130 (6) | 0.060 (3) | 0.003 (4) | 0.049 (3) | −0.013 (4) |
C6 | 0.066 (3) | 0.079 (3) | 0.044 (2) | 0.000 (2) | 0.026 (2) | 0.000 (2) |
C7 | 0.047 (2) | 0.042 (2) | 0.045 (2) | −0.0052 (18) | 0.0205 (19) | 0.0032 (18) |
C8 | 0.061 (3) | 0.064 (3) | 0.057 (3) | 0.006 (2) | 0.021 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
C9 | 0.093 (4) | 0.072 (4) | 0.095 (4) | 0.019 (3) | 0.043 (4) | −0.014 (3) |
C10 | 0.071 (4) | 0.071 (4) | 0.117 (5) | 0.026 (3) | 0.042 (4) | 0.019 (3) |
C11 | 0.056 (3) | 0.076 (4) | 0.070 (3) | 0.010 (3) | 0.016 (3) | 0.028 (3) |
C12 | 0.049 (2) | 0.061 (3) | 0.046 (2) | 0.000 (2) | 0.013 (2) | 0.013 (2) |
C13 | 0.049 (2) | 0.045 (2) | 0.037 (2) | −0.0013 (18) | 0.0205 (18) | −0.0009 (17) |
C14 | 0.041 (2) | 0.043 (2) | 0.039 (2) | −0.0022 (18) | 0.0124 (17) | 0.0020 (18) |
C15 | 0.046 (2) | 0.077 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.002 (2) | 0.010 (2) | −0.001 (2) |
C16 | 0.052 (3) | 0.099 (4) | 0.085 (4) | 0.015 (3) | 0.016 (3) | 0.001 (3) |
C17 | 0.050 (3) | 0.088 (4) | 0.080 (4) | −0.002 (3) | −0.006 (3) | 0.016 (3) |
C18 | 0.064 (3) | 0.075 (3) | 0.049 (3) | −0.013 (3) | −0.008 (2) | 0.010 (2) |
C19 | 0.064 (3) | 0.057 (3) | 0.046 (2) | −0.008 (2) | 0.012 (2) | −0.005 (2) |
C20 | 0.060 (3) | 0.043 (2) | 0.033 (2) | −0.004 (2) | 0.0193 (19) | −0.0005 (17) |
C21 | 0.069 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.059 (3) | −0.016 (2) | 0.018 (2) | 0.006 (2) |
C22 | 0.102 (4) | 0.058 (3) | 0.082 (4) | −0.030 (3) | 0.031 (3) | −0.001 (3) |
C23 | 0.168 (7) | 0.046 (3) | 0.101 (5) | −0.016 (4) | 0.070 (5) | −0.001 (3) |
C24 | 0.131 (5) | 0.052 (3) | 0.113 (5) | 0.017 (3) | 0.072 (4) | −0.001 (3) |
C25 | 0.086 (3) | 0.047 (3) | 0.074 (3) | 0.002 (2) | 0.046 (3) | −0.004 (2) |
C26 | 0.052 (3) | 0.074 (4) | 0.060 (3) | −0.003 (2) | 0.015 (2) | −0.018 (2) |
C27 | 0.064 (3) | 0.092 (4) | 0.090 (4) | 0.004 (3) | 0.029 (3) | −0.035 (3) |
C28 | 0.063 (3) | 0.139 (6) | 0.094 (4) | −0.004 (4) | 0.042 (3) | −0.046 (4) |
C29 | 0.061 (3) | 0.124 (5) | 0.073 (3) | −0.019 (3) | 0.040 (3) | −0.017 (3) |
C30 | 0.040 (2) | 0.089 (4) | 0.039 (2) | −0.015 (2) | 0.0163 (19) | −0.009 (2) |
C31 | 0.046 (2) | 0.076 (3) | 0.040 (2) | −0.016 (2) | 0.014 (2) | 0.006 (2) |
C32 | 0.068 (3) | 0.107 (5) | 0.071 (3) | −0.015 (3) | 0.031 (3) | 0.020 (3) |
C33 | 0.089 (4) | 0.090 (5) | 0.091 (4) | −0.023 (4) | 0.023 (4) | 0.035 (4) |
C34 | 0.090 (4) | 0.063 (3) | 0.072 (3) | 0.000 (3) | 0.013 (3) | 0.025 (3) |
C35 | 0.068 (3) | 0.060 (3) | 0.048 (3) | −0.001 (2) | 0.012 (2) | 0.012 (2) |
B1 | 0.094 (6) | 0.087 (6) | 0.145 (8) | 0.034 (5) | 0.057 (6) | 0.046 (6) |
F1 | 0.103 (5) | 0.167 (6) | 0.176 (7) | −0.011 (4) | 0.051 (5) | −0.010 (5) |
F2 | 0.131 (7) | 0.137 (7) | 0.113 (5) | 0.028 (5) | 0.057 (5) | 0.022 (5) |
F3 | 0.136 (6) | 0.061 (4) | 0.147 (6) | −0.006 (3) | 0.055 (4) | 0.009 (3) |
F4 | 0.133 (6) | 0.105 (5) | 0.108 (5) | 0.040 (4) | 0.080 (4) | 0.024 (3) |
F1' | 0.097 (7) | 0.072 (6) | 0.142 (9) | −0.001 (5) | 0.067 (6) | 0.023 (6) |
F2' | 0.161 (9) | 0.189 (11) | 0.207 (11) | −0.017 (8) | 0.093 (8) | 0.043 (8) |
F3' | 0.169 (9) | 0.090 (7) | 0.180 (10) | 0.013 (6) | 0.063 (7) | 0.009 (6) |
F4' | 0.261 (14) | 0.261 (14) | 0.235 (13) | −0.019 (10) | 0.092 (9) | −0.018 (9) |
O1 | 0.116 (6) | 0.120 (7) | 0.077 (5) | 0.026 (5) | 0.003 (4) | 0.013 (4) |
C36 | 0.161 (10) | 0.152 (10) | 0.162 (10) | 0.022 (8) | 0.070 (8) | −0.010 (8) |
C37 | 0.140 (10) | 0.135 (10) | 0.108 (9) | −0.039 (8) | 0.024 (8) | 0.009 (8) |
C38 | 0.168 (12) | 0.172 (12) | 0.168 (11) | 0.004 (9) | 0.036 (9) | 0.006 (9) |
C39 | 0.128 (10) | 0.150 (10) | 0.133 (10) | 0.013 (8) | 0.030 (7) | 0.011 (8) |
O1' | 0.281 (16) | 0.279 (16) | 0.283 (17) | 0.025 (10) | 0.088 (10) | −0.028 (10) |
C36' | 0.25 (2) | 0.27 (2) | 0.25 (2) | 0.008 (10) | 0.092 (12) | −0.009 (10) |
C37' | 0.127 (12) | 0.173 (13) | 0.112 (11) | −0.034 (9) | 0.060 (9) | −0.001 (9) |
C38' | 0.139 (11) | 0.124 (12) | 0.133 (11) | −0.022 (9) | 0.030 (9) | 0.014 (8) |
C39' | 0.099 (9) | 0.087 (9) | 0.084 (8) | 0.015 (7) | 0.009 (7) | 0.017 (7) |
Cu1—N1 | 2.080 (3) | C23—H23 | 0.9300 |
Cu1—N2 | 2.109 (3) | C24—C25 | 1.377 (7) |
Cu1—P2i | 2.2268 (12) | C24—H24 | 0.9300 |
Cu1—P1 | 2.2720 (12) | C25—H25 | 0.9300 |
P1—C7 | 1.819 (4) | C26—C27 | 1.380 (7) |
P1—C1 | 1.831 (4) | C26—H26 | 0.9300 |
P1—C13 | 1.843 (4) | C27—C28 | 1.361 (8) |
P2—C14 | 1.824 (4) | C27—H27 | 0.9300 |
P2—C20 | 1.831 (4) | C28—C29 | 1.366 (8) |
P2—C13 | 1.839 (4) | C28—H28 | 0.9300 |
P2—Cu1i | 2.2267 (12) | C29—C30 | 1.385 (6) |
N1—C26 | 1.335 (6) | C29—H29 | 0.9300 |
N1—C30 | 1.340 (5) | C30—C31 | 1.467 (6) |
N2—C35 | 1.331 (5) | C31—C32 | 1.398 (6) |
N2—C31 | 1.340 (5) | C32—C33 | 1.361 (8) |
C1—C6 | 1.372 (6) | C32—H32 | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.387 (6) | C33—C34 | 1.353 (8) |
C2—C3 | 1.367 (6) | C33—H33 | 0.9300 |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C34—C35 | 1.370 (6) |
C3—C4 | 1.357 (8) | C34—H34 | 0.9300 |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C35—H35 | 0.9300 |
C4—C5 | 1.371 (8) | B1—F4' | 1.324 (9) |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | B1—F1' | 1.325 (9) |
C5—C6 | 1.397 (6) | B1—F3 | 1.331 (7) |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | B1—F4 | 1.356 (7) |
C6—H6 | 0.9300 | B1—F2 | 1.374 (8) |
C7—C8 | 1.385 (6) | B1—F3' | 1.383 (9) |
C7—C12 | 1.391 (5) | B1—F2' | 1.388 (9) |
C8—C9 | 1.383 (6) | B1—F1 | 1.416 (7) |
C8—H8 | 0.9300 | O1—C37 | 1.408 (9) |
C9—C10 | 1.377 (7) | O1—C38 | 1.425 (9) |
C9—H9 | 0.9300 | C36—C37 | 1.537 (9) |
C10—C11 | 1.357 (7) | C36—H36A | 0.9600 |
C10—H10 | 0.9300 | C36—H36B | 0.9600 |
C11—C12 | 1.370 (6) | C36—H36C | 0.9600 |
C11—H11 | 0.9300 | C37—H37A | 0.9700 |
C12—H12 | 0.9300 | C37—H37B | 0.9700 |
C13—H13A | 0.9700 | C38—C39 | 1.497 (10) |
C13—H13B | 0.9700 | C38—H38A | 0.9700 |
C14—C15 | 1.361 (6) | C38—H38B | 0.9700 |
C14—C19 | 1.388 (5) | C39—H39A | 0.9600 |
C15—C16 | 1.392 (6) | C39—H39B | 0.9600 |
C15—H15 | 0.9300 | C39—H39C | 0.9600 |
C16—C17 | 1.366 (7) | O1'—C37' | 1.424 (10) |
C16—H16 | 0.9300 | O1'—C38' | 1.446 (10) |
C17—C18 | 1.361 (7) | C36'—C37' | 1.530 (10) |
C17—H17 | 0.9300 | C36'—H36D | 0.9600 |
C18—C19 | 1.382 (6) | C36'—H36E | 0.9600 |
C18—H18 | 0.9300 | C36'—H36F | 0.9600 |
C19—H19 | 0.9300 | C37'—H37C | 0.9700 |
C20—C21 | 1.382 (6) | C37'—H37D | 0.9700 |
C20—C25 | 1.384 (6) | C38'—C39' | 1.507 (10) |
C21—C22 | 1.372 (7) | C38'—H38C | 0.9700 |
C21—H21 | 0.9300 | C38'—H38D | 0.9700 |
C22—C23 | 1.360 (8) | C39'—H39D | 0.9600 |
C22—H22 | 0.9300 | C39'—H39E | 0.9600 |
C23—C24 | 1.369 (8) | C39'—H39F | 0.9600 |
N1—Cu1—N2 | 78.56 (14) | C28—C27—C26 | 117.3 (6) |
N1—Cu1—P2i | 121.20 (9) | C28—C27—H27 | 121.3 |
N2—Cu1—P2i | 106.75 (9) | C26—C27—H27 | 121.3 |
N1—Cu1—P1 | 100.25 (9) | C27—C28—C29 | 120.9 (5) |
N2—Cu1—P1 | 101.31 (9) | C27—C28—H28 | 119.6 |
P2i—Cu1—P1 | 133.33 (4) | C29—C28—H28 | 119.6 |
C7—P1—C1 | 103.12 (18) | C28—C29—C30 | 118.9 (6) |
C7—P1—C13 | 106.19 (17) | C28—C29—H29 | 120.5 |
C1—P1—C13 | 101.34 (18) | C30—C29—H29 | 120.5 |
C7—P1—Cu1 | 116.65 (13) | N1—C30—C29 | 121.0 (5) |
C1—P1—Cu1 | 105.00 (12) | N1—C30—C31 | 115.9 (4) |
C13—P1—Cu1 | 121.76 (13) | C29—C30—C31 | 123.1 (5) |
C14—P2—C20 | 101.10 (18) | N2—C31—C32 | 120.5 (5) |
C14—P2—C13 | 102.87 (18) | N2—C31—C30 | 116.5 (4) |
C20—P2—C13 | 101.71 (17) | C32—C31—C30 | 123.0 (4) |
C14—P2—Cu1i | 117.56 (13) | C33—C32—C31 | 118.8 (5) |
C20—P2—Cu1i | 107.72 (12) | C33—C32—H32 | 120.6 |
C13—P2—Cu1i | 122.78 (13) | C31—C32—H32 | 120.6 |
C26—N1—C30 | 118.8 (4) | C34—C33—C32 | 120.8 (5) |
C26—N1—Cu1 | 125.9 (3) | C34—C33—H33 | 119.6 |
C30—N1—Cu1 | 114.8 (3) | C32—C33—H33 | 119.6 |
C35—N2—C31 | 118.7 (4) | C33—C34—C35 | 117.9 (5) |
C35—N2—Cu1 | 127.5 (3) | C33—C34—H34 | 121.0 |
C31—N2—Cu1 | 113.7 (3) | C35—C34—H34 | 121.0 |
C6—C1—C2 | 119.3 (4) | N2—C35—C34 | 123.2 (5) |
C6—C1—P1 | 121.1 (3) | N2—C35—H35 | 118.4 |
C2—C1—P1 | 119.1 (3) | C34—C35—H35 | 118.4 |
C3—C2—C1 | 120.6 (5) | F4'—B1—F1' | 116.4 (9) |
C3—C2—H2 | 119.7 | F4'—B1—F3 | 98.3 (10) |
C1—C2—H2 | 119.7 | F1'—B1—F3 | 140.2 (8) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.5 (5) | F4'—B1—F4 | 65.3 (9) |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.8 | F1'—B1—F4 | 101.6 (7) |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.8 | F3—B1—F4 | 110.7 (6) |
C3—C4—C5 | 119.8 (5) | F4'—B1—F2 | 146.4 (10) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.1 | F1'—B1—F2 | 30.1 (6) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.1 | F3—B1—F2 | 112.2 (7) |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.6 (6) | F4—B1—F2 | 113.3 (6) |
C4—C5—H5 | 119.7 | F4'—B1—F3' | 109.5 (9) |
C6—C5—H5 | 119.7 | F1'—B1—F3' | 106.2 (8) |
C1—C6—C5 | 119.2 (5) | F3—B1—F3' | 39.9 (6) |
C1—C6—H6 | 120.4 | F4—B1—F3' | 150.5 (8) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.4 | F2—B1—F3' | 87.1 (8) |
C8—C7—C12 | 118.9 (4) | F4'—B1—F2' | 110.1 (9) |
C8—C7—P1 | 118.1 (3) | F1'—B1—F2' | 110.2 (8) |
C12—C7—P1 | 122.9 (3) | F3—B1—F2' | 71.9 (7) |
C9—C8—C7 | 120.1 (5) | F4—B1—F2' | 56.5 (7) |
C9—C8—H8 | 119.9 | F2—B1—F2' | 93.0 (8) |
C7—C8—H8 | 119.9 | F3'—B1—F2' | 103.5 (8) |
C10—C9—C8 | 119.6 (5) | F4'—B1—F1 | 47.8 (8) |
C10—C9—H9 | 120.2 | F1'—B1—F1 | 83.5 (7) |
C8—C9—H9 | 120.2 | F3—B1—F1 | 109.2 (6) |
C11—C10—C9 | 120.6 (5) | F4—B1—F1 | 104.6 (6) |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.7 | F2—B1—F1 | 106.3 (7) |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.7 | F3'—B1—F1 | 88.5 (7) |
C10—C11—C12 | 120.4 (5) | F2'—B1—F1 | 157.8 (9) |
C10—C11—H11 | 119.8 | C37—O1—C38 | 116.0 (8) |
C12—C11—H11 | 119.8 | C37—C36—H36A | 109.5 |
C11—C12—C7 | 120.3 (4) | C37—C36—H36B | 109.5 |
C11—C12—H12 | 119.8 | H36A—C36—H36B | 109.5 |
C7—C12—H12 | 119.8 | C37—C36—H36C | 109.5 |
P2—C13—P1 | 117.1 (2) | H36A—C36—H36C | 109.5 |
P2—C13—H13A | 108.0 | H36B—C36—H36C | 109.5 |
P1—C13—H13A | 108.0 | O1—C37—C36 | 109.0 (9) |
P2—C13—H13B | 108.0 | O1—C37—H37A | 109.9 |
P1—C13—H13B | 108.0 | C36—C37—H37A | 109.9 |
H13A—C13—H13B | 107.3 | O1—C37—H37B | 109.9 |
C15—C14—C19 | 119.0 (4) | C36—C37—H37B | 109.9 |
C15—C14—P2 | 119.7 (3) | H37A—C37—H37B | 108.3 |
C19—C14—P2 | 121.3 (3) | O1—C38—C39 | 110.7 (9) |
C14—C15—C16 | 120.7 (4) | O1—C38—H38A | 109.5 |
C14—C15—H15 | 119.6 | C39—C38—H38A | 109.5 |
C16—C15—H15 | 119.6 | O1—C38—H38B | 109.5 |
C17—C16—C15 | 119.6 (5) | C39—C38—H38B | 109.5 |
C17—C16—H16 | 120.2 | H38A—C38—H38B | 108.1 |
C15—C16—H16 | 120.2 | C38—C39—H39A | 109.5 |
C18—C17—C16 | 120.3 (5) | C38—C39—H39B | 109.5 |
C18—C17—H17 | 119.8 | H39A—C39—H39B | 109.5 |
C16—C17—H17 | 119.8 | C38—C39—H39C | 109.5 |
C17—C18—C19 | 120.2 (5) | H39A—C39—H39C | 109.5 |
C17—C18—H18 | 119.9 | H39B—C39—H39C | 109.5 |
C19—C18—H18 | 119.9 | C37'—O1'—C38' | 112.4 (11) |
C18—C19—C14 | 120.1 (5) | C37'—C36'—H36D | 109.5 |
C18—C19—H19 | 119.9 | C37'—C36'—H36E | 109.5 |
C14—C19—H19 | 119.9 | H36D—C36'—H36E | 109.5 |
C21—C20—C25 | 118.2 (4) | C37'—C36'—H36F | 109.5 |
C21—C20—P2 | 119.3 (3) | H36D—C36'—H36F | 109.5 |
C25—C20—P2 | 122.3 (3) | H36E—C36'—H36F | 109.5 |
C22—C21—C20 | 121.4 (5) | O1'—C37'—C36' | 111.1 (11) |
C22—C21—H21 | 119.3 | O1'—C37'—H37C | 109.4 |
C20—C21—H21 | 119.3 | C36'—C37'—H37C | 109.4 |
C23—C22—C21 | 119.3 (5) | O1'—C37'—H37D | 109.4 |
C23—C22—H22 | 120.3 | C36'—C37'—H37D | 109.4 |
C21—C22—H22 | 120.3 | H37C—C37'—H37D | 108.0 |
C22—C23—C24 | 120.8 (5) | O1'—C38'—C39' | 109.8 (10) |
C22—C23—H23 | 119.6 | O1'—C38'—H38C | 109.7 |
C24—C23—H23 | 119.6 | C39'—C38'—H38C | 109.7 |
C23—C24—C25 | 119.8 (6) | O1'—C38'—H38D | 109.7 |
C23—C24—H24 | 120.1 | C39'—C38'—H38D | 109.7 |
C25—C24—H24 | 120.1 | H38C—C38'—H38D | 108.2 |
C24—C25—C20 | 120.4 (5) | C38'—C39'—H39D | 109.5 |
C24—C25—H25 | 119.8 | C38'—C39'—H39E | 109.5 |
C20—C25—H25 | 119.8 | H39D—C39'—H39E | 109.5 |
N1—C26—C27 | 123.1 (5) | C38'—C39'—H39F | 109.5 |
N1—C26—H26 | 118.5 | H39D—C39'—H39F | 109.5 |
C27—C26—H26 | 118.5 | H39E—C39'—H39F | 109.5 |
N1—Cu1—P1—C7 | 152.08 (17) | Cu1i—P2—C14—C15 | −7.4 (4) |
N2—Cu1—P1—C7 | 71.83 (17) | C20—P2—C14—C19 | 55.0 (4) |
P2i—Cu1—P1—C7 | −54.52 (15) | C13—P2—C14—C19 | −49.9 (4) |
N1—Cu1—P1—C1 | 38.66 (18) | Cu1i—P2—C14—C19 | 171.9 (3) |
N2—Cu1—P1—C1 | −41.59 (18) | C19—C14—C15—C16 | 1.1 (7) |
P2i—Cu1—P1—C1 | −167.94 (15) | P2—C14—C15—C16 | −179.7 (4) |
N1—Cu1—P1—C13 | −75.26 (17) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | −0.7 (8) |
N2—Cu1—P1—C13 | −155.50 (17) | C15—C16—C17—C18 | −0.3 (8) |
P2i—Cu1—P1—C13 | 78.15 (15) | C16—C17—C18—C19 | 0.9 (8) |
N2—Cu1—N1—C26 | 177.6 (3) | C17—C18—C19—C14 | −0.5 (7) |
P2i—Cu1—N1—C26 | −79.6 (3) | C15—C14—C19—C18 | −0.5 (6) |
P1—Cu1—N1—C26 | 78.0 (3) | P2—C14—C19—C18 | −179.7 (3) |
N2—Cu1—N1—C30 | 5.9 (3) | C14—P2—C20—C21 | 36.8 (4) |
P2i—Cu1—N1—C30 | 108.7 (3) | C13—P2—C20—C21 | 142.6 (3) |
P1—Cu1—N1—C30 | −93.7 (3) | Cu1i—P2—C20—C21 | −87.1 (3) |
N1—Cu1—N2—C35 | 176.5 (4) | C14—P2—C20—C25 | −148.7 (3) |
P2i—Cu1—N2—C35 | 57.1 (3) | C13—P2—C20—C25 | −42.9 (4) |
P1—Cu1—N2—C35 | −85.2 (3) | Cu1i—P2—C20—C25 | 87.4 (3) |
N1—Cu1—N2—C31 | −3.0 (3) | C25—C20—C21—C22 | 0.2 (6) |
P2i—Cu1—N2—C31 | −122.4 (2) | P2—C20—C21—C22 | 174.9 (4) |
P1—Cu1—N2—C31 | 95.3 (3) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | −1.0 (8) |
C7—P1—C1—C6 | 146.7 (3) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | 0.9 (9) |
C13—P1—C1—C6 | 36.9 (4) | C22—C23—C24—C25 | −0.1 (10) |
Cu1—P1—C1—C6 | −90.7 (3) | C23—C24—C25—C20 | −0.6 (8) |
C7—P1—C1—C2 | −41.4 (4) | C21—C20—C25—C24 | 0.6 (7) |
C13—P1—C1—C2 | −151.2 (3) | P2—C20—C25—C24 | −173.9 (4) |
Cu1—P1—C1—C2 | 81.3 (3) | C30—N1—C26—C27 | −0.9 (6) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −0.1 (6) | Cu1—N1—C26—C27 | −172.3 (3) |
P1—C1—C2—C3 | −172.2 (4) | N1—C26—C27—C28 | 1.0 (7) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.0 (8) | C26—C27—C28—C29 | 0.0 (8) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | 0.2 (9) | C27—C28—C29—C30 | −1.0 (8) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.3 (10) | C26—N1—C30—C29 | −0.2 (6) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | 0.1 (6) | Cu1—N1—C30—C29 | 172.1 (3) |
P1—C1—C6—C5 | 172.0 (4) | C26—N1—C30—C31 | 179.9 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.1 (8) | Cu1—N1—C30—C31 | −7.8 (4) |
C1—P1—C7—C8 | 137.7 (3) | C28—C29—C30—N1 | 1.1 (7) |
C13—P1—C7—C8 | −116.2 (3) | C28—C29—C30—C31 | −179.0 (4) |
Cu1—P1—C7—C8 | 23.2 (4) | C35—N2—C31—C32 | −0.2 (6) |
C1—P1—C7—C12 | −41.8 (4) | Cu1—N2—C31—C32 | 179.3 (3) |
C13—P1—C7—C12 | 64.4 (4) | C35—N2—C31—C30 | −179.6 (4) |
Cu1—P1—C7—C12 | −156.3 (3) | Cu1—N2—C31—C30 | −0.1 (4) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −0.5 (7) | N1—C30—C31—N2 | 5.2 (5) |
P1—C7—C8—C9 | −179.9 (4) | C29—C30—C31—N2 | −174.7 (4) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 0.1 (8) | N1—C30—C31—C32 | −174.1 (4) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | 0.0 (8) | C29—C30—C31—C32 | 6.0 (6) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.2 (8) | N2—C31—C32—C33 | −0.9 (7) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | −0.6 (7) | C30—C31—C32—C33 | 178.4 (5) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | 0.7 (6) | C31—C32—C33—C34 | 1.4 (8) |
P1—C7—C12—C11 | −179.8 (3) | C32—C33—C34—C35 | −0.9 (8) |
C14—P2—C13—P1 | −85.4 (2) | C31—N2—C35—C34 | 0.8 (6) |
C20—P2—C13—P1 | 170.2 (2) | Cu1—N2—C35—C34 | −178.6 (3) |
Cu1i—P2—C13—P1 | 50.0 (3) | C33—C34—C35—N2 | −0.3 (7) |
C7—P1—C13—P2 | 48.3 (3) | C38—O1—C37—C36 | 175.7 (16) |
C1—P1—C13—P2 | 155.7 (2) | C37—O1—C38—C39 | 160.8 (17) |
Cu1—P1—C13—P2 | −88.6 (2) | C38'—O1'—C37'—C36' | −160 (2) |
C20—P2—C14—C15 | −124.2 (4) | C37'—O1'—C38'—C39' | 123 (2) |
C13—P2—C14—C15 | 130.9 (3) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+2, −y+1, −z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Cu2(C25H22P2)2(C10H8N2)2](BF4)2·2C4H10O |
Mr | 1530.09 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/n |
Temperature (K) | 294 |
a, b, c (Å) | 14.942 (5), 13.432 (4), 19.734 (6) |
β (°) | 108.970 (6) |
V (Å3) | 3746 (2) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.72 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.22 × 0.18 × 0.16 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART CCD area-detector |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.857, 0.895 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 19160, 6602, 4337 |
Rint | 0.043 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.595 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.045, 0.132, 1.04 |
No. of reflections | 6602 |
No. of parameters | 534 |
No. of restraints | 60 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.40, −0.31 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 1997), SAINT (Bruker, 1997), SAINT, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), XP (Sheldrick, 1998), XP.
Cu1—N1 | 2.080 (3) | Cu1—P2i | 2.2268 (12) |
Cu1—N2 | 2.109 (3) | Cu1—P1 | 2.2720 (12) |
N1—Cu1—N2 | 78.56 (14) | P2i—Cu1—P1 | 133.33 (4) |
Symmetry code: (i) −x+2, −y+1, −z. |
d10 polynuclear copper complexes generally exhibit rich luminescence and recently have attracted much attention on both a theoretical and a spectroscopic level (Pan et al., 2006; Pyykkö & Mendizabal, 1998; Ryu et al., 1993). A series of luminescent dinuclear d10 complexes with bridging phosphane ligands have been studied (Harvey et al., 1997; King et al., 1989; Perreault et al., 1992; Che et al., 2000). Here, we report crystal structure of [Cu2(dppm)2(bpy)2](BF4)2.2C4H10O, (I).
The Cu atom in (I) (Fig. 1) has a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry involving two N atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine ligand and two P atoms of two (diphenylphosphino)methane ligand. The Cu—N bond lengths are 2.080 (3) and 2.109 (3) Å, while the Cu—P bonds are 2.272 (1) and 2.227 (1)Å [2 - x, 1 - y, -z](Table 1). The two CuI ions in (I) are doubly bridged by two (diphenylphosphino)methane ligands. There are no Cu—Cu bonds, as the measured distance (rCu···Cu = 4.471 (3) Å) is greater than the sum of the van der Waals radii (rvdW(Cu) = 1.40 Å).