Structure of Ferric Soybean Leghemoglobin a Nicotinate at 2.3 Å Resolution

Soybean leghemoglobin a is a small (16 kDa) protein facilitating the transport of O₂ to respiring N₂-fixing bacteria at low free-O₂ tension. The crystal structure of soybean ferric leghemoglobin a nicotinate has been refined at 2.3 Å resolution. The final R factor is 15.8% for 6877 reflections between 6.0 and 2.3 Å. The structure of soybean leghemoglobin a (143 residues) is closely similar to that of lupin leghemoglobin II (153 residues), the proteins having 82 identical residues when the sequences are aligned. The new structure provides support for the conclusion that the unique properties of leghemoglobin arise principally from a heme pocket considerably larger and more flexible than that of myoglobin, a strongly ruffled heme group, and a proximal histidine orientation more favourable to ligand binding.