Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807041980/gk2093sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807041980/gk2093Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 663547
The homochiral ligand, (S)-2-[pyrrolidin-2-yl]-1H-benzimidazole, was synthesized by the reaction of (S)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid and benzene-1,2-diamine according to the procedure described in the literature (Aminabhavi et al., 1986). A mixture of S-2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-benzimidazole (18.7 mg, 0.1 mmol) and CdCl2 (18.3 mg, 0.1 mmol) and water (1 ml) sealed in a glass tube were kept at 70 °C. Crystals suitable for X-ray analysis were obtained after 3 days.
All H atoms were included in calculated positions with C—H = 0.93–0.97 Å and N—H=0.86 Å and with Uiso(H) = 1.2Ueq(C,N). One of the pyrrolidine rings is disordered with the C10 atom occupying two positions, C10 nad C10', with the occupancy factors of 0.81 (2) and 0.19 (2), respectively.
Phenomena such as triboluminescence, second harmonic generation (SHG), piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity are only found in noncentrosymmetric bulk materials (Zyss, 1993; Agullo-Lopez et al., 1994; Newnham et al., 1975). There has been very strong interest in employing crystal-engineering strategies to generate materials with desirable properties. Such approaches have succeeded in producing chiral or noncentrosymmetric coordination polymers and organic compounds (Qu et al., 2004). We have focused on the synthesis of noncentrosymmetric coordination compounds by the hydrothermal reaction of the chiral ligand and inoganic salt. Here we report the crystal structure of the title compound prepared from CdCl2 and benzimidazole-derived chiral ligand.
As shown in Fig. 1, the Cd ions are chelated by the chiral organic ligand and thus the compound has to form chiral crystals. Each of the two crystallographically independent pentacoordinated Cd atoms has a slightly distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry and is coordinated by two N atoms from the organic ligand, and by one terminal and two bridging Cl- anions. The two Cd centers are bridged by two chlorine atoms to give a dicadmium framework with a Cd—Cd separation of 3.8485 (16) Å and a Cl—Cl distance of 3.472 (2) Å.
For the physical properties of noncentrosymmetric solid materials, see: Zyss (1993); Agullo-Lopez et al. (1994); Newnham et al. (1975); Qu et al. (2004). For synthesis of the organic ligand, see: Aminabhavi et al. (1986).
Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); cell refinement: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); data reduction: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 1999); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 1999).
[Cd2Cl4(C11H12N3)2] | F(000) = 728 |
Mr = 741.09 | Dx = 1.860 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2yb | Cell parameters from 11574 reflections |
a = 9.365 (6) Å | θ = 3.3–27.4° |
b = 8.103 (5) Å | µ = 2.03 mm−1 |
c = 17.691 (12) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 99.673 (12)° | Prism, colourless |
V = 1323.4 (15) Å3 | 0.4 × 0.3 × 0.3 mm |
Z = 2 |
Rigaku Mercury2 CCD diffractometer | 6010 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 5622 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.036 |
Detector resolution: 13.66 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 3.4° |
ω scans | h = −12→12 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) | k = −10→10 |
Tmin = 0.701, Tmax = 1.000 | l = −22→22 |
13823 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.027 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.061 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0194P)2 + 0.0229P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.04 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
6010 reflections | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
317 parameters | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Absolute structure: Flack (1983) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: −0.03 (2) |
[Cd2Cl4(C11H12N3)2] | V = 1323.4 (15) Å3 |
Mr = 741.09 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 9.365 (6) Å | µ = 2.03 mm−1 |
b = 8.103 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 17.691 (12) Å | 0.4 × 0.3 × 0.3 mm |
β = 99.673 (12)° |
Rigaku Mercury2 CCD diffractometer | 6010 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) | 5622 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.701, Tmax = 1.000 | Rint = 0.036 |
13823 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.027 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.061 | Δρmax = 0.57 e Å−3 |
S = 1.04 | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
6010 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983) |
317 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: −0.03 (2) |
1 restraint |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Cd1 | 0.89212 (3) | 0.09969 (3) | 0.681550 (14) | 0.03784 (7) | |
Cd2 | 0.70149 (3) | −0.19423 (3) | 0.803532 (14) | 0.03883 (7) | |
Cl1 | 0.94116 (11) | −0.02794 (13) | 0.81846 (6) | 0.0536 (3) | |
Cl2 | 0.64668 (9) | −0.04558 (12) | 0.67049 (5) | 0.0442 (2) | |
Cl3 | 1.03862 (11) | −0.05990 (11) | 0.60033 (5) | 0.0499 (2) | |
Cl4 | 0.55426 (12) | −0.04372 (12) | 0.88338 (6) | 0.0538 (2) | |
N1 | 0.8156 (3) | 0.2880 (3) | 0.57844 (15) | 0.0387 (6) | |
H1A | 0.8586 | 0.2380 | 0.5428 | 0.046* | |
N2 | 0.9917 (3) | 0.3464 (3) | 0.72100 (14) | 0.0341 (6) | |
N3 | 1.0317 (3) | 0.6107 (4) | 0.69852 (15) | 0.0389 (6) | |
H3A | 1.0233 | 0.7052 | 0.6761 | 0.047* | |
N4 | 0.8371 (3) | −0.4053 (4) | 0.88192 (15) | 0.0398 (6) | |
H4C | 0.9229 | −0.4063 | 0.8655 | 0.048* | |
N5 | 0.5980 (3) | −0.4390 (3) | 0.76447 (15) | 0.0359 (7) | |
N6 | 0.5622 (3) | −0.7033 (4) | 0.78519 (16) | 0.0403 (7) | |
H6A | 0.5742 | −0.7996 | 0.8057 | 0.048* | |
C1 | 0.4788 (4) | −0.4917 (4) | 0.71093 (19) | 0.0372 (8) | |
C2 | 0.3925 (4) | −0.4088 (6) | 0.6516 (2) | 0.0499 (9) | |
H2A | 0.4059 | −0.2969 | 0.6434 | 0.060* | |
C3 | 0.2868 (4) | −0.4999 (6) | 0.6066 (2) | 0.0522 (10) | |
H3B | 0.2275 | −0.4476 | 0.5662 | 0.063* | |
C4 | 0.2664 (4) | −0.6681 (6) | 0.6188 (2) | 0.0504 (10) | |
H4A | 0.1945 | −0.7250 | 0.5864 | 0.061* | |
C5 | 0.3504 (4) | −0.7521 (5) | 0.6781 (2) | 0.0478 (9) | |
H5A | 0.3363 | −0.8634 | 0.6874 | 0.057* | |
C6 | 0.4568 (4) | −0.6603 (4) | 0.7237 (2) | 0.0389 (8) | |
C7 | 0.6417 (4) | −0.5683 (4) | 0.80687 (18) | 0.0344 (8) | |
C8 | 0.7681 (4) | −0.5709 (4) | 0.87137 (19) | 0.0400 (8) | |
H8A | 0.8393 | −0.6513 | 0.8594 | 0.048* | |
C9 | 0.7265 (5) | −0.6156 (6) | 0.9492 (2) | 0.0632 (12) | 0.83 (2) |
H9A | 0.6288 | −0.6592 | 0.9427 | 0.076* | 0.83 (2) |
H9B | 0.7927 | −0.6971 | 0.9757 | 0.076* | 0.83 (2) |
C9' | 0.7265 (5) | −0.6156 (6) | 0.9492 (2) | 0.0632 (12) | 0.17 (2) |
H9'A | 0.6271 | −0.5849 | 0.9512 | 0.076* | 0.17 (2) |
H9'B | 0.7386 | −0.7328 | 0.9596 | 0.076* | 0.17 (2) |
C10 | 0.7372 (11) | −0.4563 (12) | 0.9930 (3) | 0.067 (3) | 0.83 (2) |
H10A | 0.6478 | −0.3939 | 0.9814 | 0.080* | 0.83 (2) |
H10B | 0.7588 | −0.4761 | 1.0479 | 0.080* | 0.83 (2) |
C10' | 0.827 (6) | −0.520 (3) | 1.0028 (14) | 0.060 (11) | 0.17 (2) |
H10C | 0.9152 | −0.5819 | 1.0188 | 0.072* | 0.17 (2) |
H10D | 0.7845 | −0.4950 | 1.0479 | 0.072* | 0.17 (2) |
C11 | 0.8590 (5) | −0.3676 (6) | 0.9658 (2) | 0.0608 (12) | 0.83 (2) |
H11A | 0.8537 | −0.2498 | 0.9747 | 0.073* | 0.83 (2) |
H11B | 0.9520 | −0.4084 | 0.9915 | 0.073* | 0.83 (2) |
C11' | 0.8590 (5) | −0.3676 (6) | 0.9658 (2) | 0.0608 (12) | 0.17 (2) |
H11C | 0.9581 | −0.3336 | 0.9840 | 0.073* | 0.17 (2) |
H11D | 0.7944 | −0.2801 | 0.9762 | 0.073* | 0.17 (2) |
C12 | 1.0924 (3) | 0.4106 (4) | 0.78235 (18) | 0.0330 (7) | |
C13 | 1.1658 (4) | 0.3332 (5) | 0.8477 (2) | 0.0488 (10) | |
H13A | 1.1499 | 0.2229 | 0.8582 | 0.059* | |
C14 | 1.2641 (5) | 0.4293 (6) | 0.8966 (2) | 0.0565 (11) | |
H14A | 1.3155 | 0.3809 | 0.9405 | 0.068* | |
C15 | 1.2880 (4) | 0.5930 (6) | 0.8813 (2) | 0.0527 (10) | |
H15A | 1.3553 | 0.6520 | 0.9156 | 0.063* | |
C16 | 1.2163 (4) | 0.6723 (5) | 0.8167 (2) | 0.0479 (10) | |
H16A | 1.2320 | 0.7827 | 0.8064 | 0.057* | |
C17 | 1.1176 (4) | 0.5762 (4) | 0.76791 (18) | 0.0360 (7) | |
C18 | 0.9634 (4) | 0.4698 (4) | 0.67212 (18) | 0.0321 (7) | |
C19 | 0.8754 (4) | 0.4578 (4) | 0.59312 (18) | 0.0341 (7) | |
H19A | 0.9402 | 0.4804 | 0.5563 | 0.041* | |
C20 | 0.7473 (4) | 0.5766 (5) | 0.5758 (2) | 0.0531 (10) | |
H20A | 0.7757 | 0.6793 | 0.5543 | 0.064* | |
H20B | 0.7066 | 0.6006 | 0.6216 | 0.064* | |
C21 | 0.6403 (4) | 0.4832 (5) | 0.5179 (2) | 0.0514 (10) | |
H21A | 0.5422 | 0.5239 | 0.5156 | 0.062* | |
H21B | 0.6664 | 0.4889 | 0.4672 | 0.062* | |
C22 | 0.6568 (4) | 0.3081 (6) | 0.5497 (2) | 0.0472 (8) | |
H22A | 0.6021 | 0.2945 | 0.5913 | 0.057* | |
H22B | 0.6231 | 0.2278 | 0.5101 | 0.057* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cd1 | 0.04699 (14) | 0.02405 (12) | 0.04211 (14) | −0.00259 (11) | 0.00645 (10) | 0.00146 (10) |
Cd2 | 0.05097 (15) | 0.02408 (12) | 0.04213 (14) | −0.00421 (11) | 0.00980 (11) | −0.00005 (10) |
Cl1 | 0.0559 (6) | 0.0497 (6) | 0.0501 (5) | −0.0185 (5) | −0.0057 (4) | 0.0168 (5) |
Cl2 | 0.0464 (5) | 0.0394 (5) | 0.0442 (5) | −0.0079 (4) | −0.0002 (4) | 0.0072 (4) |
Cl3 | 0.0707 (6) | 0.0331 (4) | 0.0523 (5) | 0.0026 (4) | 0.0285 (5) | 0.0066 (4) |
Cl4 | 0.0748 (6) | 0.0339 (5) | 0.0594 (6) | 0.0037 (5) | 0.0305 (5) | 0.0009 (4) |
N1 | 0.0454 (16) | 0.0296 (14) | 0.0396 (15) | 0.0028 (13) | 0.0031 (12) | −0.0069 (13) |
N2 | 0.0406 (15) | 0.0281 (15) | 0.0321 (14) | −0.0051 (12) | 0.0015 (12) | 0.0026 (11) |
N3 | 0.0501 (16) | 0.0257 (14) | 0.0388 (15) | −0.0055 (15) | 0.0017 (12) | 0.0033 (14) |
N4 | 0.0415 (15) | 0.0361 (14) | 0.0431 (15) | −0.0023 (15) | 0.0108 (12) | 0.0015 (14) |
N5 | 0.0498 (17) | 0.0247 (15) | 0.0336 (15) | −0.0022 (12) | 0.0082 (12) | −0.0002 (11) |
N6 | 0.0535 (17) | 0.0223 (13) | 0.0452 (16) | −0.0026 (15) | 0.0084 (13) | 0.0002 (14) |
C1 | 0.0413 (19) | 0.0369 (18) | 0.0348 (18) | −0.0063 (16) | 0.0101 (14) | −0.0011 (15) |
C2 | 0.052 (2) | 0.047 (2) | 0.050 (2) | −0.007 (2) | 0.0064 (17) | 0.012 (2) |
C3 | 0.045 (2) | 0.068 (3) | 0.042 (2) | −0.002 (2) | 0.0037 (17) | 0.007 (2) |
C4 | 0.040 (2) | 0.068 (3) | 0.045 (2) | −0.016 (2) | 0.0108 (16) | −0.014 (2) |
C5 | 0.052 (2) | 0.037 (2) | 0.058 (2) | −0.0125 (18) | 0.0189 (18) | −0.0133 (18) |
C6 | 0.0426 (19) | 0.034 (2) | 0.0428 (19) | −0.0035 (15) | 0.0161 (15) | −0.0043 (15) |
C7 | 0.045 (2) | 0.0286 (17) | 0.0333 (17) | −0.0022 (15) | 0.0158 (15) | 0.0020 (14) |
C8 | 0.051 (2) | 0.0294 (17) | 0.0381 (18) | −0.0009 (16) | 0.0027 (15) | −0.0003 (14) |
C9 | 0.086 (3) | 0.058 (3) | 0.043 (2) | −0.027 (2) | 0.003 (2) | 0.012 (2) |
C9' | 0.086 (3) | 0.058 (3) | 0.043 (2) | −0.027 (2) | 0.003 (2) | 0.012 (2) |
C10 | 0.089 (5) | 0.076 (6) | 0.038 (3) | −0.021 (4) | 0.019 (3) | −0.006 (3) |
C10' | 0.11 (3) | 0.041 (15) | 0.029 (12) | 0.020 (16) | −0.002 (14) | 0.000 (10) |
C11 | 0.079 (3) | 0.054 (3) | 0.045 (2) | −0.019 (2) | −0.002 (2) | −0.0026 (19) |
C11' | 0.079 (3) | 0.054 (3) | 0.045 (2) | −0.019 (2) | −0.002 (2) | −0.0026 (19) |
C12 | 0.0392 (17) | 0.0326 (18) | 0.0283 (16) | −0.0026 (14) | 0.0085 (13) | 0.0002 (13) |
C13 | 0.055 (2) | 0.048 (2) | 0.0392 (19) | −0.0135 (18) | −0.0050 (16) | 0.0118 (17) |
C14 | 0.063 (3) | 0.065 (3) | 0.037 (2) | −0.015 (2) | −0.0062 (18) | 0.0075 (19) |
C15 | 0.052 (2) | 0.068 (3) | 0.0374 (19) | −0.017 (2) | 0.0045 (16) | −0.012 (2) |
C16 | 0.051 (2) | 0.039 (2) | 0.053 (2) | −0.0126 (17) | 0.0070 (18) | −0.0086 (18) |
C17 | 0.0454 (18) | 0.0308 (18) | 0.0328 (17) | −0.0022 (16) | 0.0097 (14) | −0.0050 (14) |
C18 | 0.0384 (18) | 0.0268 (16) | 0.0319 (16) | −0.0034 (14) | 0.0088 (14) | 0.0010 (14) |
C19 | 0.0390 (17) | 0.0338 (17) | 0.0305 (17) | −0.0015 (14) | 0.0086 (13) | 0.0017 (14) |
C20 | 0.063 (2) | 0.034 (2) | 0.059 (2) | 0.0101 (19) | 0.0006 (19) | 0.0048 (18) |
C21 | 0.044 (2) | 0.056 (3) | 0.051 (2) | 0.0107 (19) | −0.0026 (16) | 0.0069 (19) |
C22 | 0.0424 (19) | 0.048 (2) | 0.048 (2) | −0.003 (2) | −0.0006 (15) | 0.000 (2) |
Cd1—N2 | 2.266 (3) | C5—C6 | 1.388 (5) |
Cd1—N1 | 2.394 (3) | C5—H5A | 0.9300 |
Cd1—Cl3 | 2.5063 (14) | C7—C8 | 1.500 (5) |
Cd1—Cl2 | 2.5605 (16) | C8—C9 | 1.536 (5) |
Cd1—Cl1 | 2.6026 (18) | C8—H8A | 0.9800 |
Cd1—Cd2 | 3.8485 (16) | C9—C10 | 1.500 (9) |
Cd2—N5 | 2.264 (3) | C9—H9A | 0.9700 |
Cd2—N4 | 2.422 (3) | C9—H9B | 0.9700 |
Cd2—Cl4 | 2.4574 (14) | C10—C11 | 1.495 (7) |
Cd2—Cl1 | 2.5931 (16) | C10—H10A | 0.9700 |
Cd2—Cl2 | 2.6169 (17) | C10—H10B | 0.9700 |
Cl1—Cl2 | 3.472 (2) | C10'—H10C | 0.9700 |
N1—C19 | 1.492 (4) | C10'—H10D | 0.9700 |
N1—C22 | 1.497 (4) | C11—H11A | 0.9700 |
N1—H1A | 0.9002 | C11—H11B | 0.9700 |
N2—C18 | 1.319 (4) | C12—C13 | 1.391 (5) |
N2—C12 | 1.412 (4) | C12—C17 | 1.393 (5) |
N3—C18 | 1.353 (4) | C13—C14 | 1.391 (6) |
N3—C17 | 1.379 (4) | C13—H13A | 0.9300 |
N3—H3A | 0.8600 | C14—C15 | 1.379 (7) |
N4—C8 | 1.488 (5) | C14—H14A | 0.9299 |
N4—C11 | 1.495 (5) | C15—C16 | 1.382 (6) |
N4—H4C | 0.9001 | C15—H15A | 0.9300 |
N5—C7 | 1.313 (4) | C16—C17 | 1.392 (5) |
N5—C1 | 1.404 (4) | C16—H16A | 0.9300 |
N6—C7 | 1.343 (4) | C18—C19 | 1.502 (4) |
N6—C6 | 1.384 (4) | C19—C20 | 1.529 (5) |
N6—H6A | 0.8600 | C19—H19A | 0.9800 |
C1—C2 | 1.386 (5) | C20—C21 | 1.511 (5) |
C1—C6 | 1.406 (5) | C20—H20A | 0.9700 |
C2—C3 | 1.376 (6) | C20—H20B | 0.9701 |
C2—H2A | 0.9300 | C21—C22 | 1.525 (6) |
C3—C4 | 1.398 (6) | C21—H21A | 0.9700 |
C3—H3B | 0.9300 | C21—H21B | 0.9699 |
C4—C5 | 1.380 (6) | C22—H22A | 0.9700 |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | C22—H22B | 0.9701 |
N2—Cd1—N1 | 74.18 (10) | N6—C6—C1 | 105.5 (3) |
N2—Cd1—Cl3 | 113.28 (8) | C5—C6—C1 | 122.5 (4) |
N1—Cd1—Cl3 | 90.84 (8) | N5—C7—N6 | 112.5 (3) |
N2—Cd1—Cl2 | 138.31 (7) | N5—C7—C8 | 125.2 (3) |
N1—Cd1—Cl2 | 94.86 (8) | N6—C7—C8 | 122.3 (3) |
Cl3—Cd1—Cl2 | 106.85 (5) | N4—C8—C7 | 110.7 (3) |
N2—Cd1—Cl1 | 93.71 (8) | N4—C8—C9 | 105.7 (3) |
N1—Cd1—Cl1 | 161.07 (7) | C7—C8—C9 | 113.5 (3) |
Cl3—Cd1—Cl1 | 107.49 (5) | N4—C8—H8A | 109.3 |
Cl2—Cd1—Cl1 | 84.50 (3) | C7—C8—H8A | 108.9 |
N2—Cd1—Cd2 | 125.37 (7) | C9—C8—H8A | 108.7 |
N1—Cd1—Cd2 | 135.57 (7) | C10—C9—C8 | 104.8 (4) |
Cl3—Cd1—Cd2 | 110.63 (5) | C10—C9—H9A | 110.8 |
Cl2—Cd1—Cd2 | 42.55 (3) | C8—C9—H9A | 110.8 |
Cl1—Cd1—Cd2 | 42.11 (3) | C10—C9—H9B | 110.8 |
N5—Cd2—N4 | 73.29 (11) | C8—C9—H9B | 110.8 |
N5—Cd2—Cl4 | 110.95 (8) | H9A—C9—H9B | 108.9 |
N4—Cd2—Cl4 | 108.18 (8) | C11—C10—C9 | 103.6 (5) |
N5—Cd2—Cl1 | 143.62 (8) | C11—C10—H10A | 111.0 |
N4—Cd2—Cl1 | 86.97 (8) | C9—C10—H10A | 111.0 |
Cl4—Cd2—Cl1 | 104.08 (5) | C11—C10—H10B | 111.0 |
N5—Cd2—Cl2 | 96.87 (8) | C9—C10—H10B | 111.0 |
N4—Cd2—Cl2 | 147.63 (7) | H10A—C10—H10B | 109.0 |
Cl4—Cd2—Cl2 | 104.14 (5) | H10C—C10'—H10D | 108.3 |
Cl1—Cd2—Cl2 | 83.57 (4) | N4—C11—C10 | 103.7 (4) |
N5—Cd2—Cd1 | 125.88 (7) | N4—C11—H11A | 111.0 |
N4—Cd2—Cd1 | 120.66 (8) | C10—C11—H11A | 111.0 |
Cl4—Cd2—Cd1 | 111.91 (5) | N4—C11—H11B | 111.0 |
Cl1—Cd2—Cd1 | 42.30 (3) | C10—C11—H11B | 111.0 |
Cl2—Cd2—Cd1 | 41.42 (3) | H11A—C11—H11B | 109.0 |
Cd2—Cl1—Cd1 | 95.59 (4) | C13—C12—C17 | 120.7 (3) |
Cd2—Cl1—Cl2 | 48.51 (3) | C13—C12—N2 | 130.2 (3) |
Cd1—Cl1—Cl2 | 47.23 (3) | C17—C12—N2 | 109.0 (3) |
Cd1—Cl2—Cd2 | 96.03 (3) | C12—C13—C14 | 116.6 (4) |
Cd1—Cl2—Cl1 | 48.26 (4) | C12—C13—H13A | 121.8 |
Cd2—Cl2—Cl1 | 47.92 (3) | C14—C13—H13A | 121.6 |
C19—N1—C22 | 106.4 (3) | C15—C14—C13 | 121.9 (4) |
C19—N1—Cd1 | 113.56 (19) | C15—C14—H14A | 119.4 |
C22—N1—Cd1 | 118.7 (2) | C13—C14—H14A | 118.7 |
C19—N1—H1A | 109.8 | C14—C15—C16 | 122.5 (4) |
C22—N1—H1A | 110.3 | C14—C15—H15A | 118.8 |
Cd1—N1—H1A | 97.7 | C16—C15—H15A | 118.8 |
C18—N2—C12 | 105.0 (3) | C15—C16—C17 | 115.6 (4) |
C18—N2—Cd1 | 116.1 (2) | C15—C16—H16A | 122.6 |
C12—N2—Cd1 | 138.5 (2) | C17—C16—H16A | 121.8 |
C18—N3—C17 | 107.9 (3) | N3—C17—C16 | 131.8 (4) |
C18—N3—H3A | 126.2 | N3—C17—C12 | 105.5 (3) |
C17—N3—H3A | 125.9 | C16—C17—C12 | 122.7 (3) |
C8—N4—C11 | 107.0 (3) | N2—C18—N3 | 112.5 (3) |
C8—N4—Cd2 | 112.98 (19) | N2—C18—C19 | 125.4 (3) |
C11—N4—Cd2 | 113.3 (3) | N3—C18—C19 | 122.0 (3) |
C8—N4—H4C | 110.1 | N1—C19—C18 | 110.7 (3) |
C11—N4—H4C | 110.0 | N1—C19—C20 | 106.7 (3) |
Cd2—N4—H4C | 103.5 | C18—C19—C20 | 115.8 (3) |
C7—N5—C1 | 106.2 (3) | N1—C19—H19A | 108.2 |
C7—N5—Cd2 | 116.6 (2) | C18—C19—H19A | 107.6 |
C1—N5—Cd2 | 136.3 (2) | C20—C19—H19A | 107.6 |
C7—N6—C6 | 107.9 (3) | C21—C20—C19 | 103.2 (3) |
C7—N6—H6A | 126.2 | C21—C20—H20A | 111.0 |
C6—N6—H6A | 125.9 | C19—C20—H20A | 111.1 |
C2—C1—N5 | 131.3 (3) | C21—C20—H20B | 110.9 |
C2—C1—C6 | 120.7 (4) | C19—C20—H20B | 111.4 |
N5—C1—C6 | 107.9 (3) | H20A—C20—H20B | 109.1 |
C3—C2—C1 | 116.7 (4) | C20—C21—C22 | 101.6 (3) |
C3—C2—H2A | 122.3 | C20—C21—H21A | 111.9 |
C1—C2—H2A | 121.0 | C22—C21—H21A | 111.6 |
C2—C3—C4 | 122.5 (4) | C20—C21—H21B | 111.2 |
C2—C3—H3B | 118.6 | C22—C21—H21B | 111.1 |
C4—C3—H3B | 118.9 | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.2 |
C5—C4—C3 | 121.5 (4) | N1—C22—C21 | 105.0 (3) |
C5—C4—H4A | 119.1 | N1—C22—H22A | 110.6 |
C3—C4—H4A | 119.4 | C21—C22—H22A | 110.6 |
C4—C5—C6 | 116.1 (4) | N1—C22—H22B | 110.9 |
C4—C5—H5A | 122.2 | C21—C22—H22B | 110.9 |
C6—C5—H5A | 121.8 | H22A—C22—H22B | 108.9 |
N6—C6—C5 | 132.0 (4) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3A···Cl3i | 0.86 | 2.35 | 3.191 (3) | 168 |
N6—H6A···Cl4ii | 0.86 | 2.43 | 3.267 (4) | 164 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1, z; (ii) x, y−1, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Cd2Cl4(C11H12N3)2] |
Mr | 741.09 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21 |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 9.365 (6), 8.103 (5), 17.691 (12) |
β (°) | 99.673 (12) |
V (Å3) | 1323.4 (15) |
Z | 2 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.03 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.4 × 0.3 × 0.3 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Rigaku Mercury2 CCD |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (CrystalClear; Rigaku, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.701, 1.000 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 13823, 6010, 5622 |
Rint | 0.036 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.650 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.027, 0.061, 1.04 |
No. of reflections | 6010 |
No. of parameters | 317 |
No. of restraints | 1 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.57, −0.30 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983) |
Absolute structure parameter | −0.03 (2) |
Computer programs: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 2005), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXTL/PC (Sheldrick, 1999).
Cd1—N2 | 2.266 (3) | Cd1—Cl1 | 2.6026 (18) |
Cd1—N1 | 2.394 (3) | Cd1—Cd2 | 3.8485 (16) |
Cd1—Cl3 | 2.5063 (14) | Cl1—Cl2 | 3.472 (2) |
Cd1—Cl2 | 2.5605 (16) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N3—H3A···Cl3i | 0.86 | 2.35 | 3.191 (3) | 168 |
N6—H6A···Cl4ii | 0.86 | 2.43 | 3.267 (4) | 164 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1, z; (ii) x, y−1, z. |
Phenomena such as triboluminescence, second harmonic generation (SHG), piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity are only found in noncentrosymmetric bulk materials (Zyss, 1993; Agullo-Lopez et al., 1994; Newnham et al., 1975). There has been very strong interest in employing crystal-engineering strategies to generate materials with desirable properties. Such approaches have succeeded in producing chiral or noncentrosymmetric coordination polymers and organic compounds (Qu et al., 2004). We have focused on the synthesis of noncentrosymmetric coordination compounds by the hydrothermal reaction of the chiral ligand and inoganic salt. Here we report the crystal structure of the title compound prepared from CdCl2 and benzimidazole-derived chiral ligand.
As shown in Fig. 1, the Cd ions are chelated by the chiral organic ligand and thus the compound has to form chiral crystals. Each of the two crystallographically independent pentacoordinated Cd atoms has a slightly distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry and is coordinated by two N atoms from the organic ligand, and by one terminal and two bridging Cl- anions. The two Cd centers are bridged by two chlorine atoms to give a dicadmium framework with a Cd—Cd separation of 3.8485 (16) Å and a Cl—Cl distance of 3.472 (2) Å.