(4-Ethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium-κN^4′)triiodo­cadmium(II)

In the title compound, [CdI₃(C₁₂H₁₃N₂)], the Cd²⁺ ion is coordinated by three I⁻ ions and by one N atom from an N-ethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium (EP) ligand in a distorted tetra­hedral arrangement, with Cd—I bond lengths in the range 2.708 (1)–2.742 (1) Å. In the EP ligand, the dihedral angle between the two pyridyl planes is 38.9 (4)°.

Key indicators

• Single-crystal X-ray study
• T = 293 K
• Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.016 Å
• R factor = 0.069
• wR factor = 0.124
• Data-to-parameter ratio = 24.7

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level C
PLAT061_ALERT_3_C Tmax/Tmin Range Test RR' too Large .............       0.86
PLAT062_ALERT_4_C Rescale T(min) & T(max) by .....................       0.60
PLAT232_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X)  I1     -   Cd1     ..       5.00 su
PLAT232_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X)  I2     -   Cd1     ..       5.60 su
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low       Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for        Cd1
PLAT342_ALERT_3_C Low Bond Precision on C-C bonds (x 1000) Ang ...         16

Alert level G
ABSTM02_ALERT_3_G  When printed, the submitted absorption T values will be
            replaced by the scaled T values. Since the ratio of scaled T's
            is identical to the ratio of reported T values, the scaling
            does not imply a change to the absorption corrections used in
            the study.
            Ratio of Tmax expected/reported      0.602
            Tmax scaled      0.537 Tmin scaled      0.190
PLAT199_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _cell_measurement_temperature        293 K
PLAT200_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _diffrn_ambient_temperature .        293 K

   0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem
   0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem
   6 ALERT level C = Check and explain
   3 ALERT level G = General alerts; check

   2 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
   3 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
   3 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
   1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
   0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

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Computing details

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1999); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 1999); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXL97; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.

(4-Ethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium-κN^4')triiodocadmium(II)

Crystal data

[CdI3(C12H13N2)]	Z = 4
Mr = 678.35	F(000) = 1224
Monoclinic, P21/n	Dx = 2.451 Mg m^−3
Hall symbol: -P 2yn	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 7.5768 (3) Å	µ = 6.21 mm^−1
b = 12.9594 (3) Å	T = 293 K
c = 18.9013 (4) Å	Prism, black
β = 97.960 (4)°	0.25 × 0.15 × 0.10 mm
V = 1838.05 (9) Å^3

Data collection

Siemens SMART CCD area-detector diffractometer	4026 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	2801 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromator	Rint = 0.033
ω scans	θmax = 27.1°, θmin = 1.9°
Absorption correction: empirical (using intensity measurements) (SADABS; Bruker, 1999)	h = −9→9
Tmin = 0.316, Tmax = 0.893	k = −16→16
8924 measured reflections	l = −23→11

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.069	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F^2) = 0.124	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.06	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0252P)^2 + 20.1922P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
4026 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
163 parameters	Δρmax = 1.93 e Å^−3
0 restraints	Δρmin = −1.30 e Å^−3

Special details

Experimental. Spectroscopic analysis: IR (solid KBr pellet, cm^-1): 3053 (br), 2928 (s), 3012 (w), 2960 (m), 2854 (s), 1651 (w), 1608 (m), 1541 (m), 1510 (m), 1384 (w), 1221 (w), 1174 (w), 1053 (w), 1034 (w), 1004 (w), 928 (s), 796 (w).

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F² against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The threshold expression of F² > σ(F²) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
Cd1	0.18742 (10)	0.75150 (6)	0.12217 (4)	0.0507 (2)
I1	0.43012 (12)	0.90578 (7)	0.12869 (6)	0.0796 (3)
I2	0.06529 (12)	0.68164 (8)	0.24342 (5)	0.0743 (3)
I3	−0.08987 (11)	0.76513 (10)	0.01485 (5)	0.0883 (4)
C1	0.6434 (14)	0.5255 (8)	0.1068 (6)	0.056 (3)
H1A	0.7662	0.5316	0.1086	0.067*
C2	0.5404 (15)	0.6123 (9)	0.1040 (6)	0.057 (3)
H2A	0.5960	0.6764	0.1047	0.068*
C3	0.2878 (15)	0.5149 (9)	0.0986 (7)	0.069 (4)
H3A	0.1644	0.5103	0.0951	0.083*
C4	0.3830 (15)	0.4259 (9)	0.1017 (7)	0.063 (3)
H4A	0.3247	0.3626	0.1003	0.076*
C5	0.9222 (15)	0.2348 (10)	0.1660 (6)	0.061 (3)
H5A	1.0283	0.2305	0.1971	0.073*
C6	0.8334 (15)	0.3273 (9)	0.1587 (6)	0.056 (3)
H6A	0.8796	0.3850	0.1840	0.068*
C7	0.6123 (14)	0.2447 (9)	0.0763 (6)	0.054 (3)
H7A	0.5047	0.2458	0.0460	0.065*
C8	0.7097 (15)	0.1559 (9)	0.0846 (6)	0.053 (3)
H8A	0.6698	0.0978	0.0582	0.064*
C9	0.5675 (13)	0.4294 (8)	0.1069 (5)	0.044 (2)
C10	0.6734 (13)	0.3334 (8)	0.1130 (5)	0.046 (2)
C11	0.9629 (19)	0.0535 (10)	0.1389 (7)	0.077 (4)
H11A	0.9204	0.0068	0.1002	0.093*
H11B	1.0876	0.0677	0.1366	0.093*
C12	0.946 (2)	0.0038 (11)	0.2074 (7)	0.086 (4)
H12A	1.0101	−0.0603	0.2109	0.129*
H12B	0.8222	−0.0094	0.2102	0.129*
H12C	0.9936	0.0483	0.2459	0.129*
N1	0.3611 (12)	0.6090 (7)	0.1003 (5)	0.055 (2)
N2	0.8606 (13)	0.1509 (7)	0.1297 (5)	0.055 (2)

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
Cd1	0.0503 (4)	0.0479 (4)	0.0547 (5)	0.0040 (4)	0.0096 (4)	−0.0005 (4)
I1	0.0660 (5)	0.0613 (5)	0.1114 (8)	−0.0151 (4)	0.0126 (5)	−0.0167 (5)
I2	0.0770 (6)	0.0880 (7)	0.0617 (5)	0.0058 (5)	0.0235 (4)	0.0142 (5)
I3	0.0529 (5)	0.1496 (10)	0.0600 (5)	−0.0255 (6)	−0.0003 (4)	0.0115 (6)
C1	0.048 (6)	0.049 (7)	0.074 (8)	0.005 (5)	0.024 (6)	0.005 (6)
C2	0.060 (7)	0.045 (6)	0.069 (8)	0.002 (5)	0.026 (6)	0.008 (6)
C3	0.046 (6)	0.055 (8)	0.107 (11)	−0.005 (6)	0.011 (7)	−0.015 (7)
C4	0.053 (7)	0.054 (7)	0.081 (9)	0.000 (5)	0.003 (6)	−0.019 (6)
C5	0.050 (6)	0.073 (9)	0.059 (7)	0.012 (6)	0.007 (5)	0.004 (7)
C6	0.056 (7)	0.056 (7)	0.055 (7)	0.003 (6)	0.001 (6)	−0.007 (6)
C7	0.051 (6)	0.055 (7)	0.056 (7)	0.000 (5)	0.005 (5)	0.000 (6)
C8	0.059 (7)	0.051 (7)	0.051 (7)	−0.006 (5)	0.013 (6)	−0.005 (5)
C9	0.043 (5)	0.040 (6)	0.047 (6)	0.007 (4)	0.002 (5)	0.003 (5)
C10	0.048 (6)	0.046 (6)	0.046 (6)	0.002 (5)	0.015 (5)	0.001 (5)
C11	0.095 (10)	0.059 (8)	0.082 (10)	0.037 (7)	0.027 (8)	0.014 (7)
C12	0.107 (11)	0.065 (9)	0.085 (10)	0.018 (8)	0.010 (9)	0.017 (8)
N1	0.051 (5)	0.049 (6)	0.065 (6)	0.011 (4)	0.007 (5)	0.008 (5)
N2	0.063 (6)	0.052 (6)	0.053 (6)	0.015 (5)	0.014 (5)	0.004 (5)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

Cd1—N1	2.338 (9)	C5—H5A	0.9300
Cd1—I1	2.7077 (12)	C6—C10	1.390 (14)
Cd1—I3	2.7165 (12)	C6—H6A	0.9300
Cd1—I2	2.7415 (12)	C7—C8	1.364 (15)
C1—C2	1.366 (14)	C7—C10	1.389 (14)
C1—C9	1.372 (14)	C7—H7A	0.9300
C1—H1A	0.9300	C8—N2	1.330 (13)
C2—N1	1.351 (13)	C8—H8A	0.9300
C2—H2A	0.9300	C9—C10	1.476 (13)
C3—N1	1.338 (14)	C11—C12	1.468 (17)
C3—C4	1.358 (15)	C11—N2	1.479 (13)
C3—H3A	0.9300	C11—H11A	0.9700
C4—C9	1.389 (14)	C11—H11B	0.9700
C4—H4A	0.9300	C12—H12A	0.9600
C5—N2	1.335 (14)	C12—H12B	0.9600
C5—C6	1.372 (15)	C12—H12C	0.9600
N1—Cd1—I1	101.3 (2)	N2—C8—C7	121.2 (10)
N1—Cd1—I3	108.4 (2)	N2—C8—H8A	119.4
I1—Cd1—I3	115.86 (4)	C7—C8—H8A	119.4
N1—Cd1—I2	98.6 (2)	C1—C9—C4	116.6 (10)
I1—Cd1—I2	120.77 (4)	C1—C9—C10	122.8 (9)
I3—Cd1—I2	109.27 (4)	C4—C9—C10	120.6 (9)
C2—C1—C9	120.7 (10)	C7—C10—C6	117.7 (10)
C2—C1—H1A	119.6	C7—C10—C9	121.3 (10)
C9—C1—H1A	119.6	C6—C10—C9	121.0 (10)
N1—C2—C1	122.7 (10)	C12—C11—N2	111.7 (10)
N1—C2—H2A	118.6	C12—C11—H11A	109.3
C1—C2—H2A	118.6	N2—C11—H11A	109.3
N1—C3—C4	123.8 (11)	C12—C11—H11B	109.3
N1—C3—H3A	118.1	N2—C11—H11B	109.3
C4—C3—H3A	118.1	H11A—C11—H11B	107.9
C3—C4—C9	119.9 (11)	C11—C12—H12A	109.5
C3—C4—H4A	120.0	C11—C12—H12B	109.5
C9—C4—H4A	120.0	H12A—C12—H12B	109.5
N2—C5—C6	121.9 (11)	C11—C12—H12C	109.5
N2—C5—H5A	119.1	H12A—C12—H12C	109.5
C6—C5—H5A	119.1	H12B—C12—H12C	109.5
C5—C6—C10	119.1 (11)	C3—N1—C2	116.2 (9)
C5—C6—H6A	120.5	C3—N1—Cd1	118.8 (7)
C10—C6—H6A	120.5	C2—N1—Cd1	123.5 (8)
C8—C7—C10	120.3 (10)	C8—N2—C5	119.9 (10)
C8—C7—H7A	119.9	C8—N2—C11	120.5 (11)
C10—C7—H7A	119.9	C5—N2—C11	119.6 (10)
C9—C1—C2—N1	−0.9 (18)	C4—C3—N1—C2	1.3 (19)
N1—C3—C4—C9	0 (2)	C4—C3—N1—Cd1	−165.4 (10)
N2—C5—C6—C10	0.9 (17)	C1—C2—N1—C3	−0.8 (18)
C10—C7—C8—N2	2.7 (17)	C1—C2—N1—Cd1	165.2 (9)
C2—C1—C9—C4	2.1 (17)	I1—Cd1—N1—C3	175.3 (9)
C2—C1—C9—C10	−177.2 (11)	I3—Cd1—N1—C3	−62.3 (9)
C3—C4—C9—C1	−1.6 (18)	I2—Cd1—N1—C3	51.4 (9)
C3—C4—C9—C10	177.7 (11)	I1—Cd1—N1—C2	9.7 (9)
C8—C7—C10—C6	−1.2 (16)	I3—Cd1—N1—C2	132.1 (8)
C8—C7—C10—C9	−177.8 (10)	I2—Cd1—N1—C2	−114.2 (9)
C5—C6—C10—C7	−0.5 (16)	C7—C8—N2—C5	−2.3 (16)
C5—C6—C10—C9	176.1 (10)	C7—C8—N2—C11	179.0 (10)
C1—C9—C10—C7	−143.9 (11)	C6—C5—N2—C8	0.5 (17)
C4—C9—C10—C7	36.8 (15)	C6—C5—N2—C11	179.2 (11)
C1—C9—C10—C6	39.6 (16)	C12—C11—N2—C8	−106.4 (14)
C4—C9—C10—C6	−139.7 (11)	C12—C11—N2—C5	74.9 (15)