The structures of mutant forms of Hfq from Pseudomonas aeruginosa reveal the importance of the conserved His57 for the protein hexamer organization

The bacterial Sm-like protein Hfq forms homohexamers both in solution and in crystals. The monomers are organized as a continuous β-sheet passing through the whole hexamer ring with a common hydrophobic core. Analysis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Hfq (PaeHfq) hexamer structure suggested that solvent-inaccessible intermonomer hydrogen bonds created by conserved amino-acid residues should also stabilize the quaternary structure of the protein. In this work, one such conserved residue, His57, in PaeHfq was replaced by alanine, threonine or asparagine. The crystal structures of His57Thr and His57Ala Hfq were determined and the stabilities of all of the mutant forms and of the wild-type protein were measured. The results obtained demonstrate the great importance of solvent-inaccessible conserved hydrogen bonds between the Hfq monomers in stabilization of the hexamer structure.