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A comprehensive study on the crystal structure, the microstructure and the crystallographic features of the martensite in an Ni50Mn38Sn12 alloy has been conducted in the present work. The results show that the martensite possesses a 4O modulated structure. The martensite is organized into broad plates in the original austenite grain. The plates contain irregularly shaped colonies with two characteristic microstructural patterns: a classical lamellar pattern and a herringbone pattern. Crystallographic analyses by scanning electron microscopy/electron backscatter diffraction demonstrate that in each colony there are four orientation variants (A, B, C and D) and they form three types of twins (type I, type II and compound twin). The interfaces between corresponding variants are coincident with their twinning plane K1. The interface planes of the compound twin pairs A&D and B&C can have one or two different orientations, which leads to the two microstructural patterns. The corresponding variants in neighboring colonies within one broad plate (intra-plate colonies) possess close orientations, but the type I and the type II twin relationships are interchanged. The variants in neighboring colonies situated in adjacent plates (inter-plate colonies) are type I or type II twin related but with some angular deviations. The plate interface is defined by the {221} plane of the variant pair with largest thickness. The results of the present work provide comprehensive microstructural and crystallographic information on modulated martensite in NiMnSn alloys that is useful for the understanding of their specific functionalities and helpful for further investigation on property optimization of these materials.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576716010372/nb5178sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

rtv

Rietveld powder data file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600576716010372/nb5178Isup2.rtv
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 1487845

Computing details top

(I) top
Crystal data top
Mn1.52Ni2Sn0.48V = 211.61 Å3
Orthorhombic, PmmaZ = 4
a = 8.6068 ÅRiga Ku SmartLab radiation, λ = 1.5418 Å
b = 5.6226 ÅT = 293 K
c = 4.3728 Åblack
Data collection top
Radiation source: 9 KW rotating anodeScan method: step
Graphite monochromater2θmin = 20°, 2θmax = 120°, 2θstep = 0.02°
Data collection mode: reflection
Refinement top
Rp = 0.1160 restraints
Rwp = 0.1570 constraints
Rexp = 0.044Weighting scheme based on measured s.u.'s
R(F) = 0.074(Δ/σ)max = 2.709
5001 data pointsBackground function: 18 Legendre polynoms
Profile function: Pseudo-VoigtPreferred orientation correction: March & Dollase
35 parameters
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
Ni100.25640.50.0005*
Ni20.250.75340.08720.0006*
Mn10000.0002*
Mn20.250.50.58530.0005*
Sn100.500.0006*.48
Sn20.2500.57420.0001*.48
Mn300.500.0006*.52
Mn40.2500.57420.0001*.52
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
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