A novel experimental technique for atomic X-ray holography

A new experimental technique for reciprocal X-ray holography has been developed. The experimental set-up makes it possible to measure a reciprocal hologram without unwanted mixture of the X-ray fluorescence holography signal. The data are recorded during continuous rotation of the sample, and are accumulated over many revolutions. Thus the sensitivity to fluctuations of the source characteristics is reduced. A very high resolution over a large angular range is also achieved, which allows recording of X-ray standing-wave shapes near Bragg angles. The reconstruction of the measured hologram of a CuAu crystal gives positions of the nearest and next-nearest neighbours of a fluorescing Cu atom.