Structure of the human Tim44 C-terminal domain in complex with pentaethylene glycol: ligand-bound form

Familial oncocytic thyroid carcinoma is associated with a missense mutation, P308Q, in the C-terminal domain of Tim44. Tim44 is the mitochondrial inner-membrane translocase subunit and it functions as a membrane anchor for the mitochondrial heat-shock protein 70 (mtHsp70). Here, the crystal structure of the human Tim44 C-terminal domain complexed with pentaethylene glycol has been determined at 1.9 Å resolution. The overall structure resembles that of the nuclear transport factor 2-like domain. In the crystal structure, pentaethylene glycol molecules are associated at two potential membrane-binding sites: the large hydrophobic cavity and the highly conserved loop between the α1 and α2 helices near Pro308. A comparison with the yeast homolog revealed that lipid binding induces conformational changes around the α1–­α2 loop, leading to slippage of the α1 helix along the large β-sheet. These changes may play important roles in the translocation of polypeptides across the mitochondrial inner membrane.