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For the measurement of crystallite orientation in regenerated cellulosic fibers, Hermans and co-workers defined a parameter K in terms of the intensity distribution in the (10, 021) sickle. Their theory is extended in the present study to mercerized fibers. It is found from the experimental observations that K is itself dependent on the X-ray orientation factor, and possible reasons for this are advanced. The dependence of K on the ratio of the number and diffractive powers of (021) and (10) planes is, however, confirmed. A regression equation based on the correlation of K with the readily observed relative peak height of 021 is found to be of practical interest in estimating the crystallite orientation.