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Physostigmine, C15H22N3O2, is the major alkaloid found in the seeds of Calabar beans. It was the first anticholinesterase used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and is still used in the treatment of glaucoma. The structure of its 2-hydroxy­benzoate salt, viz. 5-carbamoyl­oxy-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexa­hydro-1,3a,8-tri­methyl­pyrrolo­[2,3-b]­indol-1-ium benzoate, C15H22N3O2+·C7H5O3-, is reported.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536802012278/bt6160sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536802012278/bt6160Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 193746

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 293 K
  • Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.004 Å
  • R factor = 0.045
  • wR factor = 0.124
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 7.6

checkCIF results

No syntax errors found

ADDSYM reports no extra symmetry


Red Alert Alert Level A:
THETM_01 Alert A The value of sine(theta_max)/wavelength is less than 0.550 Calculated sin(theta_max)/wavelength = 0.5476
Author response: .This data was collected in the middle 80's and it was the best we could do at the time. It has been re-refined with newer programs to get cif files etc but since the crystals themselves are long gone we could not recollect the data.

Yellow Alert Alert Level C:
REFNR_01 Alert C Ratio of reflections to parameters is < 8 for a non-centrosymmetric structure, where ZMAX < 18 sine(theta)/lambda 0.5476 Proportion of unique data used 1.0000 Ratio reflections to parameters 7.5567 STRVAL_01 From the CIF: _refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack -1.000 From the CIF: _refine_ls_abs_structure_Flack_su 0.300 Alert C Flack parameter is too small General Notes
REFLT_03 From the CIF: _diffrn_reflns_theta_max 57.59 From the CIF: _reflns_number_total 2131 Count of symmetry unique reflns 1716 Completeness (_total/calc) 124.18% TEST3: Check Friedels for noncentro structure Estimate of Friedel pairs measured 415 Fraction of Friedel pairs measured 0.242 Are heavy atom types Z>Si present no WARNING: CuKa measured Friedel data can be used to determine absolute structure in a light-atom study only if the Friedel fraction is large.
1 Alert Level A = Potentially serious problem
0 Alert Level B = Potential problem
2 Alert Level C = Please check

Computing details top

Data collection: XTAPE (Nicolet, 1983); cell refinement: XTAPE; data reduction: XDISK (Nicolet, 1983); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001).

(I) top
Crystal data top
C15H22N3O2+·C7H5O3Dx = 1.266 Mg m3
Mr = 413.47Cu Kα radiation, λ = 1.54178 Å
Orthorhombic, P212121Cell parameters from 25 reflections
a = 9.970 (3) Åθ = 20.8–38.3°
b = 10.945 (3) ŵ = 0.74 mm1
c = 19.874 (3) ÅT = 293 K
V = 2168.8 (9) Å3Prism, colorless
Z = 40.40 × 0.25 × 0.20 mm
F(000) = 880
Data collection top
Bruker P4
diffractometer
Rint = 0.044
Radiation source: normal-focus sealed tubeθmax = 57.6°, θmin = 4.5°
Graphite monochromatorh = 104
θ/2θ scansk = 011
2333 measured reflectionsl = 021
2131 independent reflections3 standard reflections every 97 reflections
2094 reflections with I > 2σ(I) intensity decay: none
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.124 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.1362P)2 + 0.3533P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 0.80(Δ/σ)max = 0.026
2131 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.16 e Å3
282 parametersΔρmin = 0.14 e Å3
0 restraintsAbsolute structure: Flack (1983), 415 Friedel pairs [CHECK]
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsAbsolute structure parameter: 1.0 (3)
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
N10.8598 (2)0.04951 (17)0.17821 (10)0.0508 (6)
H10.870 (3)0.091 (3)0.2181 (15)0.061*
C1A0.8241 (4)0.0793 (2)0.19414 (14)0.0686 (8)
H1AA0.89080.11360.22340.103*
H1AB0.82010.12590.15330.103*
H1AC0.73830.08150.21600.103*
C20.9952 (3)0.0650 (2)0.14883 (13)0.0547 (6)
H2A1.00850.01140.11050.066*
H2B1.06470.04970.18190.066*
C30.9932 (3)0.1971 (2)0.12773 (13)0.0564 (7)
H3A1.06270.21350.09480.068*
H3B1.00640.25040.16620.068*
C3A0.8539 (3)0.2153 (2)0.09722 (11)0.0455 (6)
C3B0.8004 (4)0.3456 (2)0.10724 (15)0.0642 (8)
H3BA0.85910.40260.08530.096*
H3BB0.79650.36380.15450.096*
H3BC0.71220.35190.08820.096*
C40.9119 (3)0.2217 (2)0.03126 (12)0.0509 (6)
H4A0.97270.28560.02700.061*
C4A0.8470 (3)0.1753 (2)0.02398 (11)0.0444 (6)
C50.8844 (3)0.1707 (3)0.09369 (13)0.0542 (6)
C60.7954 (3)0.0762 (3)0.10042 (13)0.0600 (7)
H6A0.77830.04380.14280.072*
C70.7309 (3)0.0285 (2)0.04515 (13)0.0594 (7)
H7A0.67020.03550.04980.071*
C7A0.7583 (3)0.0778 (2)0.01768 (12)0.0455 (6)
N80.7101 (2)0.04122 (18)0.08027 (10)0.0543 (6)
C8A0.7630 (3)0.1176 (2)0.13200 (11)0.0463 (6)
H8AA0.69080.15640.15780.056*
C8B0.5857 (3)0.0262 (3)0.08787 (17)0.0700 (8)
H8BA0.60320.11210.08380.105*
H8BB0.52370.00150.05350.105*
H8BC0.54780.00950.13130.105*
O90.95513 (19)0.2130 (2)0.15066 (9)0.0669 (6)
C100.8872 (3)0.2899 (3)0.19249 (14)0.0615 (7)
O100.7801 (3)0.3288 (3)0.17988 (16)0.1169 (12)
N110.9591 (3)0.3153 (3)0.24678 (13)0.0779 (9)
H111.024 (5)0.272 (4)0.254 (2)0.093*
C120.9118 (5)0.3978 (6)0.2974 (2)0.134 (2)
H12A0.95300.37820.33970.201*
H12B0.93440.48000.28500.201*
H12C0.81610.39040.30140.201*
C1'0.8551 (3)0.2758 (2)0.38573 (11)0.0521 (6)
C1'A0.8258 (4)0.2158 (3)0.31986 (14)0.0661 (8)
O1'A0.7269 (3)0.2424 (3)0.28750 (12)0.1067 (9)
O1'B0.9098 (3)0.1358 (2)0.30100 (11)0.0908 (8)
C2'0.9701 (3)0.2498 (2)0.42212 (14)0.0615 (7)
O2'1.0589 (3)0.1661 (2)0.40132 (15)0.0932 (8)
H2'1.020 (5)0.141 (4)0.355 (2)0.112*
C3'0.9941 (5)0.3125 (3)0.48298 (15)0.0794 (11)
H3'A1.07080.29640.50810.095*
C4'0.9027 (5)0.3972 (3)0.50452 (15)0.0927 (13)
H4'A0.91790.43770.54490.111*
C5'0.7888 (5)0.4243 (4)0.4681 (2)0.0953 (12)
H5'A0.72870.48300.48340.114*
C6'0.7663 (3)0.3640 (3)0.40999 (16)0.0760 (9)
H6'A0.68940.38170.38540.091*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
N10.0660 (14)0.0457 (11)0.0408 (10)0.0018 (11)0.0011 (11)0.0048 (9)
C1A0.090 (2)0.0524 (13)0.0635 (15)0.0066 (17)0.0041 (17)0.0128 (13)
C20.0506 (15)0.0599 (14)0.0535 (13)0.0053 (13)0.0064 (12)0.0011 (11)
C30.0556 (16)0.0608 (14)0.0527 (13)0.0122 (14)0.0059 (12)0.0029 (12)
C3A0.0470 (14)0.0396 (11)0.0499 (12)0.0063 (11)0.0019 (11)0.0053 (10)
C3B0.078 (2)0.0447 (13)0.0702 (16)0.0006 (14)0.0013 (16)0.0052 (12)
C40.0454 (13)0.0521 (13)0.0553 (14)0.0033 (12)0.0001 (12)0.0031 (11)
C4A0.0435 (13)0.0418 (11)0.0480 (12)0.0002 (11)0.0040 (11)0.0008 (10)
C50.0491 (14)0.0646 (15)0.0487 (13)0.0056 (13)0.0014 (12)0.0034 (12)
C60.0692 (18)0.0639 (15)0.0469 (14)0.0041 (15)0.0086 (13)0.0053 (12)
C70.0674 (18)0.0525 (14)0.0582 (15)0.0079 (14)0.0151 (15)0.0044 (11)
C7A0.0453 (13)0.0416 (11)0.0496 (12)0.0027 (11)0.0064 (12)0.0005 (10)
N80.0539 (13)0.0563 (11)0.0525 (11)0.0196 (11)0.0034 (11)0.0012 (10)
C8A0.0488 (14)0.0431 (11)0.0471 (12)0.0005 (12)0.0048 (11)0.0026 (10)
C8B0.0628 (17)0.0675 (16)0.0796 (18)0.0213 (16)0.0001 (16)0.0091 (16)
O90.0547 (11)0.0959 (14)0.0501 (9)0.0134 (11)0.0089 (9)0.0117 (10)
C100.0481 (16)0.0775 (18)0.0587 (15)0.0002 (15)0.0018 (13)0.0125 (14)
O100.0619 (15)0.146 (2)0.143 (2)0.0415 (16)0.0384 (16)0.080 (2)
N110.0568 (16)0.117 (2)0.0598 (14)0.0002 (17)0.0063 (14)0.0250 (15)
C120.101 (3)0.194 (5)0.108 (3)0.015 (4)0.000 (3)0.090 (4)
C1'0.0577 (15)0.0556 (13)0.0432 (11)0.0176 (13)0.0033 (13)0.0010 (10)
C1'A0.0745 (19)0.0710 (17)0.0528 (14)0.0203 (18)0.0020 (16)0.0022 (14)
O1'A0.0921 (18)0.141 (2)0.0867 (15)0.016 (2)0.0395 (16)0.0162 (16)
O1'B0.121 (2)0.0895 (14)0.0622 (12)0.0014 (17)0.0044 (14)0.0281 (12)
C2'0.0823 (19)0.0455 (13)0.0566 (13)0.0120 (16)0.0104 (16)0.0097 (11)
O2'0.104 (2)0.0659 (13)0.1100 (18)0.0165 (13)0.0335 (16)0.0025 (12)
C3'0.114 (3)0.0658 (17)0.0582 (15)0.031 (2)0.032 (2)0.0168 (14)
C4'0.152 (4)0.082 (2)0.0447 (15)0.023 (3)0.009 (2)0.0169 (15)
C5'0.089 (3)0.114 (3)0.083 (2)0.009 (2)0.025 (2)0.033 (2)
C6'0.0573 (17)0.095 (2)0.0761 (18)0.0132 (18)0.0176 (17)0.0185 (18)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
N1—C21.481 (4)N8—C8A1.426 (3)
N1—C1A1.488 (3)N8—C8B1.452 (4)
N1—C8A1.526 (3)C8A—H8AA0.9800
N1—H10.92 (3)C8B—H8BA0.9600
C1A—H1AA0.9600C8B—H8BB0.9600
C1A—H1AB0.9600C8B—H8BC0.9600
C1A—H1AC0.9600O9—C101.364 (4)
C2—C31.506 (4)C10—O101.176 (4)
C2—H2A0.9700C10—N111.325 (4)
C2—H2B0.9700N11—C121.431 (5)
C3—C3A1.529 (4)N11—H110.82 (5)
C3—H3A0.9700C12—H12A0.9600
C3—H3B0.9700C12—H12B0.9600
C3A—C4A1.522 (3)C12—H12C0.9600
C3A—C3B1.535 (3)C1'—C2'1.386 (4)
C3A—C8A1.564 (3)C1'—C6'1.395 (4)
C3B—H3BA0.9600C1'—C1'A1.494 (4)
C3B—H3BB0.9600C1'A—O1'A1.213 (4)
C3B—H3BC0.9600C1'A—O1'B1.268 (4)
C4—C4A1.371 (4)C2'—O2'1.339 (4)
C4—C51.388 (4)C2'—C3'1.411 (4)
C4—H4A0.9300O2'—H2'1.03 (5)
C4A—C7A1.392 (3)C3'—C4'1.369 (6)
C5—C61.370 (4)C3'—H3'A0.9300
C5—O91.412 (3)C4'—C5'1.378 (6)
C6—C71.375 (4)C4'—H4'A0.9300
C6—H6A0.9300C5'—C6'1.350 (5)
C7—C7A1.387 (3)C5'—H5'A0.9300
C7—H7A0.9300C6'—H6'A0.9300
C7A—N81.392 (3)
C2—N1—C1A114.2 (2)C7—C7A—N8128.7 (2)
C2—N1—C8A106.46 (18)C4A—C7A—N8111.06 (19)
C1A—N1—C8A116.0 (2)C7A—N8—C8A110.39 (18)
C2—N1—H1100 (2)C7A—N8—C8B122.3 (2)
C1A—N1—H1108.3 (18)C8A—N8—C8B122.6 (2)
C8A—N1—H1110.4 (19)N8—C8A—N1112.42 (18)
N1—C1A—H1AA109.5N8—C8A—C3A107.25 (18)
N1—C1A—H1AB109.5N1—C8A—C3A103.5 (2)
H1AA—C1A—H1AB109.5N8—C8A—H8AA111.1
N1—C1A—H1AC109.5N1—C8A—H8AA111.1
H1AA—C1A—H1AC109.5C3A—C8A—H8AA111.1
H1AB—C1A—H1AC109.5N8—C8B—H8BA109.5
N1—C2—C3102.0 (2)N8—C8B—H8BB109.5
N1—C2—H2A111.4H8BA—C8B—H8BB109.5
C3—C2—H2A111.4N8—C8B—H8BC109.5
N1—C2—H2B111.4H8BA—C8B—H8BC109.5
C3—C2—H2B111.4H8BB—C8B—H8BC109.5
H2A—C2—H2B109.2C10—O9—C5116.3 (2)
C2—C3—C3A104.3 (2)O10—C10—N11126.1 (3)
C2—C3—H3A110.9O10—C10—O9123.0 (3)
C3A—C3—H3A110.9N11—C10—O9110.9 (3)
C2—C3—H3B110.9C10—N11—C12121.7 (3)
C3A—C3—H3B110.9C10—N11—H11117 (3)
H3A—C3—H3B108.9C12—N11—H11120 (3)
C4A—C3A—C3112.5 (2)N11—C12—H12A109.5
C4A—C3A—C3B112.1 (2)N11—C12—H12B109.5
C3—C3A—C3B112.7 (2)H12A—C12—H12B109.5
C4A—C3A—C8A101.52 (18)N11—C12—H12C109.5
C3—C3A—C8A105.2 (2)H12A—C12—H12C109.5
C3B—C3A—C8A112.1 (2)H12B—C12—H12C109.5
C3A—C3B—H3BA109.5C2'—C1'—C6'119.1 (2)
C3A—C3B—H3BB109.5C2'—C1'—C1'A121.9 (3)
H3BA—C3B—H3BB109.5C6'—C1'—C1'A118.9 (3)
C3A—C3B—H3BC109.5O1'A—C1'A—O1'B123.1 (3)
H3BA—C3B—H3BC109.5O1'A—C1'A—C1'121.2 (3)
H3BB—C3B—H3BC109.5O1'B—C1'A—C1'115.7 (3)
C4A—C4—C5118.3 (2)O2'—C2'—C1'121.8 (3)
C4A—C4—H4A120.8O2'—C2'—C3'119.1 (3)
C5—C4—H4A120.8C1'—C2'—C3'119.2 (3)
C4—C4A—C7A120.8 (2)C2'—O2'—H2'102 (3)
C4—C4A—C3A129.6 (2)C4'—C3'—C2'119.0 (3)
C7A—C4A—C3A109.6 (2)C4'—C3'—H3'A120.5
C6—C5—C4121.2 (2)C2'—C3'—H3'A120.5
C6—C5—O9119.5 (2)C3'—C4'—C5'122.0 (3)
C4—C5—O9119.1 (2)C3'—C4'—H4'A119.0
C5—C6—C7120.7 (2)C5'—C4'—H4'A119.0
C5—C6—H6A119.6C6'—C5'—C4'118.7 (4)
C7—C6—H6A119.6C6'—C5'—H5'A120.6
C6—C7—C7A118.7 (3)C4'—C5'—H5'A120.6
C6—C7—H7A120.7C5'—C6'—C1'121.9 (4)
C7A—C7—H7A120.7C5'—C6'—H6'A119.0
C7—C7A—C4A120.3 (2)C1'—C6'—H6'A119.0
C1A—N1—C2—C3170.8 (2)C8B—N8—C8A—C3A155.1 (2)
C8A—N1—C2—C341.4 (2)C2—N1—C8A—N890.7 (2)
N1—C2—C3—C3A41.6 (2)C1A—N1—C8A—N837.6 (3)
C2—C3—C3A—C4A83.3 (2)C2—N1—C8A—C3A24.6 (2)
C2—C3—C3A—C3B148.8 (2)C1A—N1—C8A—C3A153.0 (2)
C2—C3—C3A—C8A26.4 (3)C4A—C3A—C8A—N83.1 (3)
C5—C4—C4A—C7A1.5 (4)C3—C3A—C8A—N8120.5 (2)
C5—C4—C4A—C3A177.8 (3)C3B—C3A—C8A—N8116.7 (2)
C3—C3A—C4A—C464.4 (3)C4A—C3A—C8A—N1116.0 (2)
C3B—C3A—C4A—C463.8 (4)C3—C3A—C8A—N11.5 (2)
C8A—C3A—C4A—C4176.4 (3)C3B—C3A—C8A—N1124.3 (2)
C3—C3A—C4A—C7A116.2 (2)C6—C5—O9—C1080.1 (3)
C3B—C3A—C4A—C7A115.6 (2)C4—C5—O9—C10103.2 (3)
C8A—C3A—C4A—C7A4.2 (3)C5—O9—C10—O106.6 (5)
C4A—C4—C5—C60.2 (4)C5—O9—C10—N11174.8 (3)
C4A—C4—C5—O9176.8 (2)O10—C10—N11—C120.8 (6)
C4—C5—C6—C70.4 (4)O9—C10—N11—C12177.7 (4)
O9—C5—C6—C7176.2 (3)C2'—C1'—C1'A—O1'A177.6 (3)
C5—C6—C7—C7A0.2 (4)C6'—C1'—C1'A—O1'A0.0 (4)
C6—C7—C7A—C4A1.5 (4)C2'—C1'—C1'A—O1'B3.1 (4)
C6—C7—C7A—N8176.9 (3)C6'—C1'—C1'A—O1'B179.4 (3)
C4—C4A—C7A—C72.1 (4)C6'—C1'—C2'—O2'180.0 (3)
C3A—C4A—C7A—C7177.3 (2)C1'A—C1'—C2'—O2'2.5 (4)
C4—C4A—C7A—N8176.5 (2)C6'—C1'—C2'—C3'0.4 (4)
C3A—C4A—C7A—N84.0 (3)C1'A—C1'—C2'—C3'178.0 (2)
C7—C7A—N8—C8A179.6 (3)O2'—C2'—C3'—C4'179.4 (3)
C4A—C7A—N8—C8A1.9 (3)C1'—C2'—C3'—C4'0.1 (4)
C7—C7A—N8—C8B23.5 (4)C2'—C3'—C4'—C5'0.8 (5)
C4A—C7A—N8—C8B158.0 (2)C3'—C4'—C5'—C6'0.9 (6)
C7A—N8—C8A—N1112.2 (2)C4'—C5'—C6'—C1'0.3 (6)
C8B—N8—C8A—N191.8 (3)C2'—C1'—C6'—C5'0.4 (5)
C7A—N8—C8A—C3A0.9 (3)C1'A—C1'—C6'—C5'178.0 (3)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1···O1B0.92 (3)1.76 (3)2.664 (3)165 (3)
O2—H2···O1B1.03 (5)1.54 (5)2.509 (4)154 (4)
N11—H11···O1Ai0.82 (5)2.13 (5)2.860 (4)149 (4)
Symmetry code: (i) x+1/2, y+1/2, z.
 

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