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The rare-earth n-butyrate dihydrates Ln(C4H7O2)3.2H2O (where Ln = Nd, Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb or Y) were synthesized and the structural parameters determined employing X-ray powder diffraction techniques. The salts are isomorphous and possess monoclinic symmetry with space group P21/m and contain four molecules per unit cell. Nd(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.69 (6), b = 14.34 (6), c = 10.31 (4) Å, β = 97.06  (36)°, V = 1862 Å3, Dm = 1.655, Dx = 1.575 Mg m−3; Tb(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.74 (2), b = 14.22 (4), c = 10.34 (3) Å, β = 98.02 (16)°, V = 1856 Å3, Dm = 1.666, Dx = 1.633 Mg m−3; Y(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.68 (2), b = 14.08 (4), c = 10.28 (2) Å, β = 98.57 (16)°, V = 1814 Å3, Dm = 1.423, Dx = 1.414 Mg m−3; Ho(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.62 (2), b = 14.00 (3), c = 10.22 (2) Å, β = 98.09 (13)°, V = 1789 Å3, Dm = 1.727, Dx = 1.716 Mg m−3; Er(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.60 (2), b = 14.02 (2), c = 10.19 (1) Å, β = 98.71 (13)°, V = 1780 Å3, Dm = 1.707, Dx = 1.733 Mg m−3; Tm(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.61 (2), b = 13.96 (2), c = 10.21 (2) Å, β = 98.30 (16)°, V = 1779 Å3, Dm = 1.714, Dx = 1.741 Mg m−3; Yb(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O: a = 12.64 (1), b = 13.92 (1), c = 10.19 (1) Å, β = 98.32 (10)°, V = 1773 Å3, Dm = 1.745, Dx = 1.762 Mg m−3. The JCPDS Diffraction File No. for Er(CH3CH2CH2COO)3.2H2O is 34-1991.

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