The synthesis and crystal structures of two tris(trialkylsilyl)silyl bromide compounds, C9H27BrSi4 (I, HypSiBr) and C27H63BrSi4 (II, TipSiBr), are described. Compound I was prepared in 85% yield by free-radical bromination of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyl-2-(trimethylsilyl)trisilane using bromobutane and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) as a radical initiator at 333 K. The molecule possesses threefold rotational symmetry, with the central Si atom and the Br atom being located on the threefold rotation axis. The Si—Br bond distance is 2.2990 (12) Å and the Si—Si bond lengths are 2.3477 (8) Å. The Br—Si—Si bond angles are 104.83 (3)° and the Si—Si—Si bond angles are 113.69 (2)°, reflecting the steric hindrance inherent in the three trimethylsilyl groups attached to the central Si atom. Compound II was prepared in 55% yield by free-radical bromination of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexaisopropyl-2-(triisopropylsilyl)trisilane using N-bromosuccinimide and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) as a radical initiator at 353 K. Here the Si—Br bond length is 2.3185 (7) Å and the Si—Si bond lengths range from 2.443 (1) to 2.4628 (9) Å. The Br—Si—Si bond angles range from 98.44 (3) to 103.77 (3)°, indicating steric hindrance between the three triisopropylsilyl groups.
Supporting information
CCDC references: 1854536; 1854535
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 173 K
- Mean
(Si-C) = 0.003 Å
- Mean
(C-C) = 0.004 Å
- R factor = 0.028
- wR factor = 0.075
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 25.5
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Datablock: I
Alert level C
PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Low 'MainMol' Ueq as Compared to Neighbors of Si2 Check
PLAT250_ALERT_2_C Large U3/U1 Ratio for Average U(i,j) Tensor .... 2.1 Note
PLAT601_ALERT_2_C Structure Contains Solvent Accessible VOIDS of . 57 Ang 3
PLAT978_ALERT_2_C Number C-C Bonds with Positive Residual Density. 0 Info
Alert level G
PLAT909_ALERT_3_G Percentage of I>2sig(I) Data at Theta(Max) Still 66% Note
PLAT996_ALERT_1_G Non-Standard SHELXL LIST 4 Style FCF Supplied .. ! Check
0 ALERT level A = Most likely a serious problem - resolve or explain
0 ALERT level B = A potentially serious problem, consider carefully
4 ALERT level C = Check. Ensure it is not caused by an omission or oversight
2 ALERT level G = General information/check it is not something unexpected
1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
4 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
0 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
Datablock: II
Alert level C
PLAT911_ALERT_3_C Missing FCF Refl Between Thmin & STh/L= 0.600 19 Report
PLAT978_ALERT_2_C Number C-C Bonds with Positive Residual Density. 0 Info
Alert level G
PLAT154_ALERT_1_G The s.u.'s on the Cell Angles are Equal ..(Note) 0.004 Degree
PLAT912_ALERT_4_G Missing # of FCF Reflections Above STh/L= 0.600 130 Note
0 ALERT level A = Most likely a serious problem - resolve or explain
0 ALERT level B = A potentially serious problem, consider carefully
2 ALERT level C = Check. Ensure it is not caused by an omission or oversight
2 ALERT level G = General information/check it is not something unexpected
1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data
1 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient
1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low
1 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check
checkCIF publication errors
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PUBL024_ALERT_1_A The number of authors is greater than 5.
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1 ALERT level A = Data missing that is essential or data in wrong format
0 ALERT level G = General alerts. Data that may be required is missing
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2014) for (I); SMART (Bruker, 2014) for (II). For both structures, cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2014); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2014). Program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008) for (I); SHELXT2013 (Sheldrick, 2015a) for (II). Program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2017 (Sheldrick, 2015b) for (I); SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b) for (II). Molecular graphics: OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009; Bourhis et al., 2015) for (I); SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) for (II). Software used to prepare material for publication: CrystalMaker (Palmer, 2007) for (I); SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008) for (II).
2-Bromo-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyl-2-(trimethylsilyl)trisilane (I)
top
Crystal data top
| C9H27BrSi4 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
| Mr = 327.57 | Cell parameters from 3863 reflections |
| Cubic, Pa3 | θ = 2.3–25.3° |
| a = 15.6497 (19) Å | µ = 2.37 mm−1 |
| V = 3832.8 (14) Å3 | T = 173 K |
| Z = 8 | Block, colourless |
| F(000) = 1376 | 0.45 × 0.24 × 0.14 mm |
| Dx = 1.135 Mg m−3 | |
Data collection top
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer | 953 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
| φ and ω scans | Rint = 0.046 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2014) | θmax = 25.3°, θmin = 2.3° |
| Tmin = 0.571, Tmax = 0.745 | h = −18→16 |
| 11038 measured reflections | k = −18→17 |
| 1174 independent reflections | l = −15→18 |
Refinement top
| Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
| Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
| R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
| wR(F2) = 0.075 | H-atom parameters constrained |
| S = 1.05 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0349P)2 + 1.4333P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
| 1174 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
| 46 parameters | Δρmax = 0.31 e Å−3 |
| 0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.16 e Å−3 |
Special details top
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes)
are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken
into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles
and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only
used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic)
treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top| | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
| Br1 | 0.74011 (2) | 0.74011 (2) | 0.74011 (2) | 0.04337 (17) | |
| Si1 | 0.65529 (4) | 0.65529 (4) | 0.65529 (4) | 0.0327 (3) | |
| Si2 | 0.69238 (5) | 0.51472 (4) | 0.69229 (5) | 0.0473 (2) | |
| C1 | 0.6249 (2) | 0.43945 (18) | 0.6286 (2) | 0.0734 (10) | |
| H1A | 0.6331 | 0.4506 | 0.5675 | 0.110* | |
| H1B | 0.5646 | 0.4478 | 0.6434 | 0.110* | |
| H1C | 0.6415 | 0.3805 | 0.6414 | 0.110* | |
| C2 | 0.8079 (2) | 0.49575 (19) | 0.6707 (3) | 0.0943 (14) | |
| H2A | 0.8227 | 0.4370 | 0.6866 | 0.141* | |
| H2B | 0.8422 | 0.5358 | 0.7044 | 0.141* | |
| H2C | 0.8194 | 0.5044 | 0.6098 | 0.141* | |
| C3 | 0.6752 (3) | 0.49746 (19) | 0.8090 (2) | 0.0953 (13) | |
| H3A | 0.6142 | 0.5032 | 0.8222 | 0.143* | |
| H3B | 0.7076 | 0.5401 | 0.8414 | 0.143* | |
| H3C | 0.6946 | 0.4401 | 0.8247 | 0.143* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top| | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
| Br1 | 0.04337 (17) | 0.04337 (17) | 0.04337 (17) | −0.00621 (10) | −0.00621 (10) | −0.00621 (10) |
| Si1 | 0.0327 (3) | 0.0327 (3) | 0.0327 (3) | −0.0008 (3) | −0.0008 (3) | −0.0008 (3) |
| Si2 | 0.0529 (5) | 0.0317 (4) | 0.0573 (5) | −0.0013 (3) | −0.0106 (4) | 0.0008 (3) |
| C1 | 0.087 (2) | 0.0426 (16) | 0.091 (2) | −0.0092 (16) | −0.0304 (19) | −0.0051 (16) |
| C2 | 0.056 (2) | 0.0494 (19) | 0.178 (4) | 0.0145 (16) | −0.007 (2) | 0.001 (2) |
| C3 | 0.168 (4) | 0.052 (2) | 0.066 (2) | 0.006 (2) | −0.019 (2) | 0.0183 (17) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
| Br1—Si1 | 2.2990 (12) | Si2—C1 | 1.870 (3) |
| Si1—Si2i | 2.3478 (8) | Si2—C2 | 1.862 (3) |
| Si1—Si2 | 2.3477 (8) | Si2—C3 | 1.866 (3) |
| Si1—Si2ii | 2.3478 (8) | | |
| | | |
| Br1—Si1—Si2 | 104.83 (3) | C1—Si2—Si1 | 108.61 (10) |
| Br1—Si1—Si2ii | 104.83 (3) | C2—Si2—Si1 | 110.16 (11) |
| Br1—Si1—Si2i | 104.83 (3) | C2—Si2—C1 | 110.55 (17) |
| Si2—Si1—Si2ii | 113.69 (2) | C2—Si2—C3 | 107.12 (19) |
| Si2—Si1—Si2i | 113.69 (3) | C3—Si2—Si1 | 109.96 (10) |
| Si2i—Si1—Si2ii | 113.69 (2) | C3—Si2—C1 | 110.45 (16) |
| Symmetry codes: (i) y, z, x; (ii) z, x, y. |
2-Bromo-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexaisopropyl-2-(triisopropylsilyl)trisilane (II)
top
Crystal data top
| C27H63BrSi4 | Z = 2 |
| Mr = 580.04 | F(000) = 632 |
| Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 1.150 Mg m−3 |
| a = 8.4412 (4) Å | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
| b = 11.1336 (6) Å | Cell parameters from 8192 reflections |
| c = 18.8477 (10) Å | θ = 2.0–26.0° |
| α = 92.565 (4)° | µ = 1.38 mm−1 |
| β = 90.527 (4)° | T = 173 K |
| γ = 108.718 (4)° | Needles, colourless |
| V = 1675.44 (15) Å3 | 0.38 × 0.10 × 0.02 mm |
Data collection top
Bruker SMART APEX CCD area detector diffractometer | 6628 independent reflections |
| Radiation source: sealed tube | 4752 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
| Detector resolution: 8 pixels mm-1 | Rint = 0.057 |
| ω and φ scans | θmax = 26.3°, θmin = 1.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2014) | h = −10→10 |
| Tmin = 0.554, Tmax = 0.674 | k = −13→13 |
| 21505 measured reflections | l = −23→23 |
Refinement top
| Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
| Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
| R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.037 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
| wR(F2) = 0.075 | H-atom parameters constrained |
| S = 1.01 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0274P)2 + 0.3128P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
| 6628 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
| 307 parameters | Δρmax = 0.36 e Å−3 |
| 0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.28 e Å−3 |
Special details top
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes)
are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken
into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles
and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only
used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic)
treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. All H atoms were positioned geometrically and refined using a
riding model with C—H = 0.95–0.99 Å and wAith Uiso(H)
= 1.2 (1.5 for methyl groups) times Ueq(C). |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top| | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
| Br1 | 1.06221 (3) | 0.19737 (3) | 0.24790 (2) | 0.02768 (9) | |
| Si1 | 0.77723 (8) | 0.16573 (6) | 0.25116 (3) | 0.01926 (16) | |
| Si2 | 0.72101 (8) | 0.26469 (7) | 0.14487 (4) | 0.02137 (17) | |
| Si3 | 0.67829 (9) | −0.06634 (7) | 0.24791 (4) | 0.02310 (17) | |
| Si4 | 0.74993 (9) | 0.27556 (7) | 0.36447 (4) | 0.02177 (17) | |
| C1 | 0.8269 (3) | 0.4443 (2) | 0.15761 (13) | 0.0249 (6) | |
| H1 | 0.7549 | 0.4757 | 0.1905 | 0.030* | |
| C2 | 1.0018 (3) | 0.4866 (3) | 0.19270 (15) | 0.0349 (7) | |
| H2A | 1.0777 | 0.4575 | 0.1626 | 0.052* | |
| H2B | 0.9962 | 0.4498 | 0.2393 | 0.052* | |
| H2C | 1.0435 | 0.5794 | 0.1987 | 0.052* | |
| C3 | 0.8371 (4) | 0.5176 (3) | 0.08928 (14) | 0.0335 (7) | |
| H3A | 0.8753 | 0.6091 | 0.1015 | 0.050* | |
| H3B | 0.7262 | 0.4931 | 0.0660 | 0.050* | |
| H3C | 0.9162 | 0.4972 | 0.0570 | 0.050* | |
| C4 | 0.7935 (3) | 0.1980 (3) | 0.06084 (12) | 0.0266 (6) | |
| H4 | 0.7464 | 0.1034 | 0.0618 | 0.032* | |
| C5 | 0.9832 (3) | 0.2301 (3) | 0.05683 (14) | 0.0371 (7) | |
| H5A | 1.0101 | 0.1830 | 0.0161 | 0.056* | |
| H5B | 1.0268 | 0.2065 | 0.1006 | 0.056* | |
| H5C | 1.0345 | 0.3214 | 0.0513 | 0.056* | |
| C6 | 0.7282 (4) | 0.2347 (3) | −0.00855 (13) | 0.0388 (7) | |
| H6A | 0.7814 | 0.3257 | −0.0146 | 0.058* | |
| H6B | 0.6067 | 0.2155 | −0.0066 | 0.058* | |
| H6C | 0.7549 | 0.1862 | −0.0487 | 0.058* | |
| C7 | 0.4836 (3) | 0.2270 (2) | 0.13810 (14) | 0.0287 (6) | |
| H7 | 0.4439 | 0.2136 | 0.1879 | 0.034* | |
| C8 | 0.4264 (4) | 0.3368 (3) | 0.11280 (17) | 0.0429 (8) | |
| H8A | 0.4536 | 0.3500 | 0.0627 | 0.064* | |
| H8B | 0.4841 | 0.4146 | 0.1414 | 0.064* | |
| H8C | 0.3053 | 0.3155 | 0.1182 | 0.064* | |
| C9 | 0.3878 (3) | 0.1029 (3) | 0.09537 (15) | 0.0394 (7) | |
| H9A | 0.2692 | 0.0772 | 0.1073 | 0.059* | |
| H9B | 0.4342 | 0.0360 | 0.1073 | 0.059* | |
| H9C | 0.3991 | 0.1169 | 0.0444 | 0.059* | |
| C10 | 0.6700 (3) | −0.1257 (3) | 0.15145 (13) | 0.0304 (6) | |
| H10 | 0.6105 | −0.0769 | 0.1245 | 0.036* | |
| C11 | 0.8446 (4) | −0.0949 (3) | 0.11986 (15) | 0.0402 (8) | |
| H11A | 0.9038 | −0.1481 | 0.1406 | 0.060* | |
| H11B | 0.9078 | −0.0052 | 0.1305 | 0.060* | |
| H11C | 0.8337 | −0.1118 | 0.0683 | 0.060* | |
| C12 | 0.5697 (4) | −0.2671 (3) | 0.13666 (15) | 0.0423 (8) | |
| H12A | 0.5798 | −0.2910 | 0.0866 | 0.063* | |
| H12B | 0.4517 | −0.2814 | 0.1470 | 0.063* | |
| H12C | 0.6138 | −0.3189 | 0.1669 | 0.063* | |
| C13 | 0.4641 (3) | −0.1251 (2) | 0.28895 (14) | 0.0278 (6) | |
| H13 | 0.4741 | −0.0754 | 0.3352 | 0.033* | |
| C14 | 0.3289 (4) | −0.0951 (3) | 0.24525 (16) | 0.0426 (8) | |
| H14A | 0.3107 | −0.1440 | 0.1997 | 0.064* | |
| H14B | 0.3651 | −0.0041 | 0.2367 | 0.064* | |
| H14C | 0.2244 | −0.1178 | 0.2714 | 0.064* | |
| C15 | 0.4016 (4) | −0.2660 (3) | 0.30713 (16) | 0.0402 (7) | |
| H15A | 0.2967 | −0.2836 | 0.3327 | 0.060* | |
| H15B | 0.4859 | −0.2842 | 0.3371 | 0.060* | |
| H15C | 0.3827 | −0.3196 | 0.2632 | 0.060* | |
| C16 | 0.8392 (3) | −0.1171 (2) | 0.29934 (14) | 0.0292 (6) | |
| H16 | 0.9513 | −0.0608 | 0.2850 | 0.035* | |
| C17 | 0.8383 (4) | −0.2537 (3) | 0.28398 (15) | 0.0383 (7) | |
| H17A | 0.9229 | −0.2705 | 0.3143 | 0.057* | |
| H17B | 0.8637 | −0.2649 | 0.2340 | 0.057* | |
| H17C | 0.7277 | −0.3129 | 0.2938 | 0.057* | |
| C18 | 0.8317 (4) | −0.0933 (3) | 0.38032 (15) | 0.0461 (8) | |
| H18A | 0.7258 | −0.1494 | 0.3976 | 0.069* | |
| H18B | 0.8392 | −0.0047 | 0.3909 | 0.069* | |
| H18C | 0.9252 | −0.1109 | 0.4039 | 0.069* | |
| C19 | 0.5967 (3) | 0.1584 (2) | 0.42272 (13) | 0.0290 (6) | |
| H19 | 0.6217 | 0.0766 | 0.4166 | 0.035* | |
| C20 | 0.4130 (4) | 0.1287 (3) | 0.40018 (18) | 0.0467 (8) | |
| H20A | 0.3450 | 0.0522 | 0.4228 | 0.070* | |
| H20B | 0.4012 | 0.1145 | 0.3484 | 0.070* | |
| H20C | 0.3751 | 0.2003 | 0.4149 | 0.070* | |
| C21 | 0.6171 (4) | 0.1952 (3) | 0.50277 (14) | 0.0486 (9) | |
| H21A | 0.5929 | 0.2749 | 0.5118 | 0.073* | |
| H21B | 0.7321 | 0.2064 | 0.5185 | 0.073* | |
| H21C | 0.5392 | 0.1280 | 0.5290 | 0.073* | |
| C22 | 0.9557 (3) | 0.3395 (2) | 0.41777 (13) | 0.0286 (6) | |
| H22 | 0.9246 | 0.3756 | 0.4631 | 0.034* | |
| C23 | 1.0335 (4) | 0.2414 (3) | 0.44175 (15) | 0.0397 (7) | |
| H23A | 1.0703 | 0.2024 | 0.4002 | 0.059* | |
| H23B | 0.9504 | 0.1757 | 0.4669 | 0.059* | |
| H23C | 1.1299 | 0.2831 | 0.4736 | 0.059* | |
| C24 | 1.0893 (3) | 0.4526 (3) | 0.38677 (14) | 0.0364 (7) | |
| H24A | 1.1806 | 0.4887 | 0.4218 | 0.055* | |
| H24B | 1.0390 | 0.5175 | 0.3750 | 0.055* | |
| H24C | 1.1334 | 0.4236 | 0.3437 | 0.055* | |
| C25 | 0.6831 (3) | 0.4212 (2) | 0.34999 (13) | 0.0258 (6) | |
| H25 | 0.7695 | 0.4766 | 0.3192 | 0.031* | |
| C26 | 0.6873 (4) | 0.5007 (3) | 0.41963 (14) | 0.0450 (8) | |
| H26A | 0.6597 | 0.5772 | 0.4092 | 0.067* | |
| H26B | 0.7994 | 0.5251 | 0.4417 | 0.067* | |
| H26C | 0.6053 | 0.4502 | 0.4522 | 0.067* | |
| C27 | 0.5152 (4) | 0.3988 (3) | 0.31189 (15) | 0.0392 (7) | |
| H27A | 0.4243 | 0.3572 | 0.3434 | 0.059* | |
| H27B | 0.5082 | 0.3445 | 0.2688 | 0.059* | |
| H27C | 0.5050 | 0.4803 | 0.2990 | 0.059* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top| | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
| Br1 | 0.02088 (14) | 0.03279 (18) | 0.02927 (15) | 0.00846 (11) | 0.00155 (11) | 0.00149 (12) |
| Si1 | 0.0195 (4) | 0.0190 (4) | 0.0191 (4) | 0.0060 (3) | 0.0012 (3) | 0.0007 (3) |
| Si2 | 0.0215 (4) | 0.0220 (4) | 0.0204 (4) | 0.0066 (3) | 0.0003 (3) | 0.0017 (3) |
| Si3 | 0.0256 (4) | 0.0192 (4) | 0.0247 (4) | 0.0076 (3) | 0.0019 (3) | 0.0009 (3) |
| Si4 | 0.0255 (4) | 0.0205 (4) | 0.0195 (4) | 0.0075 (3) | 0.0028 (3) | 0.0008 (3) |
| C1 | 0.0272 (14) | 0.0233 (15) | 0.0229 (14) | 0.0060 (12) | 0.0038 (11) | 0.0043 (11) |
| C2 | 0.0326 (16) | 0.0281 (17) | 0.0391 (17) | 0.0031 (13) | −0.0053 (13) | 0.0016 (13) |
| C3 | 0.0416 (18) | 0.0255 (16) | 0.0336 (16) | 0.0103 (13) | 0.0054 (13) | 0.0078 (13) |
| C4 | 0.0325 (15) | 0.0280 (16) | 0.0199 (13) | 0.0110 (12) | −0.0005 (11) | −0.0002 (11) |
| C5 | 0.0398 (18) | 0.049 (2) | 0.0266 (15) | 0.0205 (15) | 0.0080 (13) | 0.0018 (14) |
| C6 | 0.0447 (18) | 0.047 (2) | 0.0228 (15) | 0.0122 (15) | −0.0018 (13) | −0.0007 (14) |
| C7 | 0.0234 (15) | 0.0325 (17) | 0.0306 (15) | 0.0091 (12) | −0.0023 (12) | 0.0033 (13) |
| C8 | 0.0280 (16) | 0.044 (2) | 0.059 (2) | 0.0136 (14) | −0.0057 (15) | 0.0083 (16) |
| C9 | 0.0287 (16) | 0.0406 (19) | 0.0425 (18) | 0.0022 (14) | −0.0059 (13) | 0.0037 (14) |
| C10 | 0.0392 (17) | 0.0255 (16) | 0.0284 (15) | 0.0138 (13) | 0.0009 (13) | −0.0026 (12) |
| C11 | 0.053 (2) | 0.0409 (19) | 0.0339 (16) | 0.0245 (15) | 0.0101 (15) | 0.0006 (14) |
| C12 | 0.055 (2) | 0.0358 (19) | 0.0371 (17) | 0.0182 (16) | −0.0091 (15) | −0.0096 (14) |
| C13 | 0.0281 (15) | 0.0207 (15) | 0.0328 (15) | 0.0053 (12) | 0.0030 (12) | 0.0029 (12) |
| C14 | 0.0303 (17) | 0.044 (2) | 0.052 (2) | 0.0098 (14) | 0.0021 (14) | 0.0088 (15) |
| C15 | 0.0404 (18) | 0.0301 (17) | 0.0447 (18) | 0.0030 (14) | 0.0061 (14) | 0.0067 (14) |
| C16 | 0.0312 (15) | 0.0220 (16) | 0.0371 (16) | 0.0119 (12) | −0.0010 (12) | 0.0045 (12) |
| C17 | 0.0431 (18) | 0.0310 (18) | 0.0456 (18) | 0.0180 (14) | 0.0007 (15) | 0.0072 (14) |
| C18 | 0.062 (2) | 0.042 (2) | 0.0410 (18) | 0.0268 (17) | −0.0133 (16) | −0.0041 (15) |
| C19 | 0.0364 (16) | 0.0218 (16) | 0.0287 (15) | 0.0086 (12) | 0.0091 (12) | 0.0038 (12) |
| C20 | 0.0369 (18) | 0.0338 (19) | 0.069 (2) | 0.0089 (14) | 0.0210 (16) | 0.0101 (16) |
| C21 | 0.075 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0324 (17) | 0.0132 (17) | 0.0229 (16) | 0.0069 (14) |
| C22 | 0.0327 (16) | 0.0310 (17) | 0.0212 (14) | 0.0097 (13) | −0.0035 (12) | −0.0036 (12) |
| C23 | 0.0491 (19) | 0.042 (2) | 0.0312 (16) | 0.0197 (15) | −0.0109 (14) | −0.0033 (14) |
| C24 | 0.0348 (17) | 0.0362 (18) | 0.0322 (16) | 0.0041 (14) | −0.0043 (13) | −0.0040 (13) |
| C25 | 0.0347 (16) | 0.0231 (15) | 0.0211 (13) | 0.0117 (12) | 0.0018 (12) | −0.0006 (11) |
| C26 | 0.077 (2) | 0.0380 (19) | 0.0302 (16) | 0.0336 (17) | −0.0023 (16) | −0.0064 (14) |
| C27 | 0.0388 (18) | 0.0384 (19) | 0.0464 (18) | 0.0213 (14) | −0.0010 (14) | 0.0007 (15) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
| Br1—Si1 | 2.3185 (7) | C12—H12B | 0.9800 |
| Si1—Si2 | 2.4430 (10) | C12—H12C | 0.9800 |
| Si1—Si3 | 2.4448 (10) | C13—C14 | 1.531 (4) |
| Si1—Si4 | 2.4628 (9) | C13—C15 | 1.541 (4) |
| Si2—C4 | 1.908 (2) | C13—H13 | 1.0000 |
| Si2—C7 | 1.913 (3) | C14—H14A | 0.9800 |
| Si2—C1 | 1.914 (3) | C14—H14B | 0.9800 |
| Si3—C10 | 1.899 (3) | C14—H14C | 0.9800 |
| Si3—C13 | 1.899 (3) | C15—H15A | 0.9800 |
| Si3—C16 | 1.903 (3) | C15—H15B | 0.9800 |
| Si4—C22 | 1.909 (3) | C15—H15C | 0.9800 |
| Si4—C25 | 1.910 (3) | C16—C17 | 1.533 (4) |
| Si4—C19 | 1.911 (3) | C16—C18 | 1.543 (4) |
| C1—C2 | 1.532 (3) | C16—H16 | 1.0000 |
| C1—C3 | 1.543 (4) | C17—H17A | 0.9800 |
| C1—H1 | 1.0000 | C17—H17B | 0.9800 |
| C2—H2A | 0.9800 | C17—H17C | 0.9800 |
| C2—H2B | 0.9800 | C18—H18A | 0.9800 |
| C2—H2C | 0.9800 | C18—H18B | 0.9800 |
| C3—H3A | 0.9800 | C18—H18C | 0.9800 |
| C3—H3B | 0.9800 | C19—C20 | 1.530 (4) |
| C3—H3C | 0.9800 | C19—C21 | 1.539 (4) |
| C4—C5 | 1.528 (4) | C19—H19 | 1.0000 |
| C4—C6 | 1.536 (4) | C20—H20A | 0.9800 |
| C4—H4 | 1.0000 | C20—H20B | 0.9800 |
| C5—H5A | 0.9800 | C20—H20C | 0.9800 |
| C5—H5B | 0.9800 | C21—H21A | 0.9800 |
| C5—H5C | 0.9800 | C21—H21B | 0.9800 |
| C6—H6A | 0.9800 | C21—H21C | 0.9800 |
| C6—H6B | 0.9800 | C22—C23 | 1.525 (4) |
| C6—H6C | 0.9800 | C22—C24 | 1.538 (4) |
| C7—C9 | 1.543 (4) | C22—H22 | 1.0000 |
| C7—C8 | 1.544 (4) | C23—H23A | 0.9800 |
| C7—H7 | 1.0000 | C23—H23B | 0.9800 |
| C8—H8A | 0.9800 | C23—H23C | 0.9800 |
| C8—H8B | 0.9800 | C24—H24A | 0.9800 |
| C8—H8C | 0.9800 | C24—H24B | 0.9800 |
| C9—H9A | 0.9800 | C24—H24C | 0.9800 |
| C9—H9B | 0.9800 | C25—C27 | 1.525 (4) |
| C9—H9C | 0.9800 | C25—C26 | 1.543 (3) |
| C10—C11 | 1.534 (4) | C25—H25 | 1.0000 |
| C10—C12 | 1.541 (4) | C26—H26A | 0.9800 |
| C10—H10 | 1.0000 | C26—H26B | 0.9800 |
| C11—H11A | 0.9800 | C26—H26C | 0.9800 |
| C11—H11B | 0.9800 | C27—H27A | 0.9800 |
| C11—H11C | 0.9800 | C27—H27B | 0.9800 |
| C12—H12A | 0.9800 | C27—H27C | 0.9800 |
| | | |
| Br1—Si1—Si2 | 103.77 (3) | C10—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
| Br1—Si1—Si3 | 98.44 (3) | H12A—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
| Si2—Si1—Si3 | 116.55 (3) | H12B—C12—H12C | 109.5 |
| Br1—Si1—Si4 | 102.65 (3) | C14—C13—C15 | 109.5 (2) |
| Si2—Si1—Si4 | 115.02 (4) | C14—C13—Si3 | 112.65 (19) |
| Si3—Si1—Si4 | 116.59 (4) | C15—C13—Si3 | 116.31 (18) |
| C4—Si2—C7 | 108.70 (11) | C14—C13—H13 | 105.9 |
| C4—Si2—C1 | 111.49 (12) | C15—C13—H13 | 105.9 |
| C7—Si2—C1 | 109.69 (11) | Si3—C13—H13 | 105.9 |
| C4—Si2—Si1 | 112.06 (9) | C13—C14—H14A | 109.5 |
| C7—Si2—Si1 | 106.40 (9) | C13—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
| C1—Si2—Si1 | 108.35 (8) | H14A—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
| C10—Si3—C13 | 111.22 (12) | C13—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
| C10—Si3—C16 | 109.44 (12) | H14A—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
| C13—Si3—C16 | 111.50 (12) | H14B—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
| C10—Si3—Si1 | 107.75 (9) | C13—C15—H15A | 109.5 |
| C13—Si3—Si1 | 109.78 (8) | C13—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
| C16—Si3—Si1 | 106.98 (9) | H15A—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
| C22—Si4—C25 | 104.78 (12) | C13—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C22—Si4—C19 | 106.42 (12) | H15A—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C25—Si4—C19 | 111.59 (12) | H15B—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
| C22—Si4—Si1 | 112.92 (8) | C17—C16—C18 | 108.9 (2) |
| C25—Si4—Si1 | 111.74 (8) | C17—C16—Si3 | 116.29 (19) |
| C19—Si4—Si1 | 109.24 (8) | C18—C16—Si3 | 112.56 (18) |
| C2—C1—C3 | 107.7 (2) | C17—C16—H16 | 106.1 |
| C2—C1—Si2 | 115.52 (18) | C18—C16—H16 | 106.1 |
| C3—C1—Si2 | 114.54 (18) | Si3—C16—H16 | 106.1 |
| C2—C1—H1 | 106.1 | C16—C17—H17A | 109.5 |
| C3—C1—H1 | 106.1 | C16—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
| Si2—C1—H1 | 106.1 | H17A—C17—H17B | 109.5 |
| C1—C2—H2A | 109.5 | C16—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
| C1—C2—H2B | 109.5 | H17A—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
| H2A—C2—H2B | 109.5 | H17B—C17—H17C | 109.5 |
| C1—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C16—C18—H18A | 109.5 |
| H2A—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C16—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
| H2B—C2—H2C | 109.5 | H18A—C18—H18B | 109.5 |
| C1—C3—H3A | 109.5 | C16—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
| C1—C3—H3B | 109.5 | H18A—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
| H3A—C3—H3B | 109.5 | H18B—C18—H18C | 109.5 |
| C1—C3—H3C | 109.5 | C20—C19—C21 | 109.0 (2) |
| H3A—C3—H3C | 109.5 | C20—C19—Si4 | 113.92 (19) |
| H3B—C3—H3C | 109.5 | C21—C19—Si4 | 114.62 (19) |
| C5—C4—C6 | 108.5 (2) | C20—C19—H19 | 106.2 |
| C5—C4—Si2 | 114.13 (17) | C21—C19—H19 | 106.2 |
| C6—C4—Si2 | 114.24 (19) | Si4—C19—H19 | 106.2 |
| C5—C4—H4 | 106.5 | C19—C20—H20A | 109.5 |
| C6—C4—H4 | 106.5 | C19—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
| Si2—C4—H4 | 106.5 | H20A—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
| C4—C5—H5A | 109.5 | C19—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
| C4—C5—H5B | 109.5 | H20A—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
| H5A—C5—H5B | 109.5 | H20B—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
| C4—C5—H5C | 109.5 | C19—C21—H21A | 109.5 |
| H5A—C5—H5C | 109.5 | C19—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
| H5B—C5—H5C | 109.5 | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
| C4—C6—H6A | 109.5 | C19—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
| C4—C6—H6B | 109.5 | H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
| H6A—C6—H6B | 109.5 | H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
| C4—C6—H6C | 109.5 | C23—C22—C24 | 110.6 (2) |
| H6A—C6—H6C | 109.5 | C23—C22—Si4 | 116.47 (19) |
| H6B—C6—H6C | 109.5 | C24—C22—Si4 | 115.61 (18) |
| C9—C7—C8 | 109.7 (2) | C23—C22—H22 | 104.1 |
| C9—C7—Si2 | 115.43 (18) | C24—C22—H22 | 104.1 |
| C8—C7—Si2 | 114.49 (19) | Si4—C22—H22 | 104.1 |
| C9—C7—H7 | 105.4 | C22—C23—H23A | 109.5 |
| C8—C7—H7 | 105.4 | C22—C23—H23B | 109.5 |
| Si2—C7—H7 | 105.4 | H23A—C23—H23B | 109.5 |
| C7—C8—H8A | 109.5 | C22—C23—H23C | 109.5 |
| C7—C8—H8B | 109.5 | H23A—C23—H23C | 109.5 |
| H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | H23B—C23—H23C | 109.5 |
| C7—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C22—C24—H24A | 109.5 |
| H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | C22—C24—H24B | 109.5 |
| H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 | H24A—C24—H24B | 109.5 |
| C7—C9—H9A | 109.5 | C22—C24—H24C | 109.5 |
| C7—C9—H9B | 109.5 | H24A—C24—H24C | 109.5 |
| H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 | H24B—C24—H24C | 109.5 |
| C7—C9—H9C | 109.5 | C27—C25—C26 | 108.5 (2) |
| H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 | C27—C25—Si4 | 117.05 (18) |
| H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 | C26—C25—Si4 | 112.35 (18) |
| C11—C10—C12 | 110.3 (2) | C27—C25—H25 | 106.0 |
| C11—C10—Si3 | 112.34 (19) | C26—C25—H25 | 106.0 |
| C12—C10—Si3 | 115.08 (19) | Si4—C25—H25 | 106.0 |
| C11—C10—H10 | 106.1 | C25—C26—H26A | 109.5 |
| C12—C10—H10 | 106.1 | C25—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
| Si3—C10—H10 | 106.1 | H26A—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
| C10—C11—H11A | 109.5 | C25—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
| C10—C11—H11B | 109.5 | H26A—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
| H11A—C11—H11B | 109.5 | H26B—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
| C10—C11—H11C | 109.5 | C25—C27—H27A | 109.5 |
| H11A—C11—H11C | 109.5 | C25—C27—H27B | 109.5 |
| H11B—C11—H11C | 109.5 | H27A—C27—H27B | 109.5 |
| C10—C12—H12A | 109.5 | C25—C27—H27C | 109.5 |
| C10—C12—H12B | 109.5 | H27A—C27—H27C | 109.5 |
| H12A—C12—H12B | 109.5 | H27B—C27—H27C | 109.5 |
| | | |
| C13—Si3—C10—C11 | −172.26 (19) | C10—Si3—C13—C14 | −52.9 (2) |
| C16—Si3—C10—C11 | −48.6 (2) | C16—Si3—C13—C14 | −175.32 (19) |
| Si1—Si3—C10—C11 | 67.4 (2) | Si1—Si3—C13—C14 | 66.3 (2) |
| C13—Si3—C10—C12 | −44.9 (2) | C10—Si3—C13—C15 | 74.7 (2) |
| C16—Si3—C10—C12 | 78.8 (2) | C16—Si3—C13—C15 | −47.8 (2) |
| Si1—Si3—C10—C12 | −165.25 (18) | Si1—Si3—C13—C15 | −166.17 (17) |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
| D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
| C5—H5B···Br1 | 0.98 | 2.80 | 3.711 (3) | 155 |
| C16—H16···Br1 | 1.00 | 2.84 | 3.584 (3) | 131 |
| C23—H23A···Br1 | 0.98 | 2.87 | 3.685 (3) | 142 |
| C24—H24C···Br1 | 0.98 | 2.93 | 3.726 (3) | 139 |
Selected bond lengths (Å), bond angles (°) and the fourfold coordination
descriptor, τ4,a for compounds I (HypSiBr), II
(TipSiBr),
III (HypSiCl) and IV (TipSiH) top| Compound | I (HypSiBr) | II (TipSiBr) | III (HypSiCl)b | IV (TipSiH)c |
| Si1—Xd | 2.2990 (12) | 2.3185 (7) | 2.1248 (9) | 1.608 (1) |
| Si1—Sine | 2.3477 (8) | 2.4430 (10), 2.4448 (10), 2.4628 (9) | 2.3406 (6) | 2.405 (1) |
| Si2—Si1—Sinf | 113.69 (2) | 115.02 (4), 116.55 (3), 116.59 (4) | 113.13 (2) | 117.9 (1) |
| Si2—Si1—Xd | 104.83 (3) | 98.44 (3) to 103.77 (3) | 105.51 (2) | 98.3 (1) |
| τ4 of Si1 | 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.88 |
| Notes:
(a) Yang et al. (2007); (b) Kuzora et al.
(2009);
(c) X-ray data (Gaspar et al., 1999); (d)
X = Br
for I and II, Cl for III, and H for
IV; (e) n = 2 for I, III and IV, and
2, 3 and 4 for II; (f) n = 2i and 2ii for I,
III and IV
[symmetry codes: (i) = z, x, y; (ii) = y, z,
x], and 2, 3 and 4 for II. |