A systematic method for evaluation of the single X-ray photon detection limit is presented and single X-ray sensitivity with a commercial detector is demonstrated above 20 keV.

This study introduces an optimized indirect X-ray microscope capable of achieving micrometre pixel size and megahertz acquisition speed, leveraging enhanced sensitivity in the near-ultraviolet spectrum and single-crystal fast-decay scintillators. This development enables high-resolution imaging for dynamic phenomena, exemplified by experiments with pulsed wire explosion and superheated near-nozzle gasoline injection.

The high scattering power of a sample at low angles may lead to significant secondary scattering contributions in the measured small- and ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering patterns. A correction procedure is presented for the removal of the excess intensity and to improve the dynamic range of the measurement.

Standardized production of 40 µm-thick duo-lateral resistive electrode diamond position-sensitive detectors has been elaborated. This new X-ray beam position and intensity monitor has been characterized and a detailed position resolution analysis has been carried out.

Low-gain avalanche detectors have been characterized using X-rays. Preliminary tests show promising results towards the development of soft X-ray single-photon-counting detectors.

Hybrid and monolithic detectors for X-ray imaging are reviewed.

A full-field X-ray imaging system based on the in-line germanium Bragg magnifier and Medipix detector is presented. A theoretical and experimental study of the imaging performance of the crystals–detector combination and a comparison with a standard indirect detector typically used in high-resolution X-ray imaging schemes are reported.

A geometric optical imaging method was established to simulate the lens-coupled X-ray imaging detector's point spread functions in the focus process according to performance parameters. The calculated point spread function was applied in deconvolution to improve the quality of blurred images caused by the thickness of the scintillator when using a thicker scintillator to improve the detection efficiency.

A fast X-ray imaging detector based on a long-working-distance optical coupling system is reported. Test results show that the detector realized fast X-ray imaging with a frame rate of 100000 frames s⁻¹ and fast X-ray microtomography with a temporal sampling rate up to 25 Hz (25 tomograms s⁻¹).

In this article, Python software with a graphical user interface (GUI) for spatial-distortion correction, using any regular grid as the calibration pattern and producing spline files, is presented.