Direct phasing in femtosecond nanocrystallography. I. Diffraction characteristics

The diffraction of X-ray free-electron laser pulses by protein nanocrystals and the implications for direct phasing are investigated.

Direct phasing in femtosecond nanocrystallography. II. Phase retrieval

A selective sampling scheme is described to improve the noise tolerance of direct phasing based on shape transform diffraction between Bragg reflections in nanocrystallography using X-ray free-electron lasers.