Changes to crystals of Escherichia coli β-galactosidase during room-temperature/low-temperature cycling and their relation to cryo-annealing

X-ray diffraction reflection profiles from crystals of E. coli β-galactosidase that were repeatedly cycled between 100 K and room temperature were measured at both temperatures. Domain analysis showed cooling-induced crystal damage that recovered to a large degree with warming, although there were irreversible effects, primarily from radiation exposure.