New approach to twin interfaces of modulated martensite

Using automated electron backscatter diffraction, a new approach is presented for the comprehensive and unambiguous determination of twin relationships in a 7M modulated Ni-Mn-Ga alloy.

Crystallographic features of the primary Al₃Fe phase in as-cast Al-3.31wt% Fe alloy

Al-3.31wt% Fe was solidified to form the primary Al₃Fe phase. The crystallographic features (the extension directions, the complete twinning elements and the surface planes binding the primary phase in the extension directions) of the primary phase were investigated experimentally by electron backscatter diffraction.

A general method to determine twinning elements

Based on the minimum shear criterion, a direct and simple method is proposed to calculate twinning elements from the experimentally determined twinning plane for Type I twins or the twinning direction for Type II twins. It is generic and applicable to any crystal structure.