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The structure of the title compound is built up from MgCl2(H2O)4 octa­hedra with a trans configuration. Each complex is situated on a crystallographic twofold axis, with the rotation axis aligned along one H2O—Mg—OH2 axis. They are connected by a complex network of O—H...Cl hydrogen bonds. The structure contains two-dimensional sections that are essentially identical to those in the reported tetra­hydrates of CrCl2, FeCl2, FeBr2 and CoBr2, but they are stacked in a different manner in MgCl2·4H2O compared with the transition metal structures.

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The crystal structure of iron(III) trinitrate hexa­hydrate is built up from [Fe(H2O)6]2+ octa­hedra and nitrate anions connected via hydrogen bonds. In iron(III) trinitrate penta­hydrate, one water mol­ecule in the coordination octa­hedron of the FeIII atom is substituted by an O atom of a nitrate group. Iron(III) trinitrate tetra­hydrate represents the first example of a simple iron(III) nitrate with penta­gonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry, where two bidentate nitrate anions and one water mol­ecule form a penta­gonal plane.
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