metal-organic compounds\(\def\hfill{\hskip 5em}\def\hfil{\hskip 3em}\def\eqno#1{\hfil {#1}}\)

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ISSN: 2056-9890

Di­bromidobis(N,N,N′,N′-tetra­methyl­thio­urea-κS)cadmium(II)

aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan, and bDepartment of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
*Correspondence e-mail: saeed_a786@hotmail.com

(Received 3 July 2010; accepted 14 July 2010; online 17 July 2010)

In the title compound, [CdBr2(C5H12N2S)2], the CdII atom lies on a twofold rotation axis. It exhibits a distorted tetra­hedral coordination environment defined by two S atoms of two tetra­methyl­thio­urea (tmtu) ligands and two bromide ions. The crystal structure is consolidated by C—H⋯N and C—H⋯S hydrogen bonds.

Related literature

For crystallographic and spectroscopic studies of thio­urea complexes, see: Al-Arfaj et al. (1998[Al-Arfaj, A. R., Reibenspies, J. H., Isab, A. A. & Hussain, M. S. (1998). Acta Cryst. C54, 51-53.]); Ali et al. (2009[Ali, S., Malik, M. R., Isab, A. A. & Ahmad, S. (2009). J. Coord. Chem. 62, 475-480.]); Isab et al. (2009[Isab, A. A., Wazeer, M. I. M. & Ashraf, W. (2009). Spectrochim. Acta Part A, 72, 218-221.]); Lobana et al. (2008[Lobana, T. S., Sharma, R., Sharma, R., Sultana, R. & Butcher, R. J. (2008). Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 634, 718-723.]); Marcos et al. (1998[Marcos, C., Alía, J. M., Adovasio, V., Prieto, M. & García-Granda, S. (1998). Acta Cryst. C54, 1225-1229.]); Moloto et al. (2003[Moloto, M. J., Malik, M. A., O'Brien, P., Motevalli, M. & Kolawole, G. A. (2003). Polyhedron, 22, 595-603.]). The structure of the title compound is isotypic with [Cd(tmtu)2I2] (Nawaz et al., 2010a[Nawaz, S., Sadaf, S., Fettouhi, M., Fazal, A. & Ahmad, S. (2010a). Acta Cryst. E66, m951.]) and [Hg(tmtu)2Cl2] (Nawaz et al., 2010b[Nawaz, S., Sadaf, H., Fettouhi, M., Fazal, A. & Ahmad, S. (2010b). Acta Cryst. E66, m952.]).

[Scheme 1]

Experimental

Crystal data
  • [CdBr2(C5H12N2S)2]

  • Mr = 536.67

  • Monoclinic, C 2/c

  • a = 18.6133 (17) Å

  • b = 10.0690 (9) Å

  • c = 13.4600 (12) Å

  • β = 130.834 (1)°

  • V = 1908.6 (3) Å3

  • Z = 4

  • Mo Kα radiation

  • μ = 5.54 mm−1

  • T = 292 K

  • 0.24 × 0.23 × 0.20 mm

Data collection
  • Bruker SMART APEX area-detector diffractometer

  • Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996[Sheldrick, G. M. (1996). SADABS. University of Göttingen, Germany.]) Tmin = 0.350, Tmax = 0.404

  • 12678 measured reflections

  • 2379 independent reflections

  • 2114 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

  • Rint = 0.028

Refinement
  • R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.021

  • wR(F2) = 0.052

  • S = 1.05

  • 2379 reflections

  • 92 parameters

  • H-atom parameters constrained

  • Δρmax = 0.44 e Å−3

  • Δρmin = −0.45 e Å−3

Table 1
Selected bond lengths (Å)

Cd1—S1 2.5580 (6)
Cd1—Br1 2.5735 (3)

Table 2
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—H H⋯A DA D—H⋯A
C2—H2A⋯N2 0.96 2.53 2.855 (4) 100
C5—H5A⋯S1 0.96 2.65 3.026 (3) 104

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2008[Bruker (2008). SMART and SAINT. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2008[Bruker (2008). SMART and SAINT. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA.]); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008[Sheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112-122.]); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.

Supporting information


Comment top

The coordination chemistry of thioureas with metal ions has been the subject of several recent investigations because of their variable binding modes and because of the relevance of their binding sites to those in living systems. Crystallographic reports about d10 metal complexes of thioureas established that these ligands are coordinated via the sulfur atom (Al-Arfaj et al., 1998; Moloto et al., 2003). Spectroscopic data is also consistent with this finding (Isab et al., 2009; Ali et al., 2009). Herein, we report the crystal structure of a cadmium bromide complex with tetramethylthiourea (tmtu), [Cd(C5H12N2S2)2Br2], (I).

The crystal structure of (I) consists of discrete molecular species in which the cadmium atom is located on a twofold rotation axis (Fig. 1). It exhibits a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment defined by two tetramethylthiourea (tmtu) ligands and two bromide ions. The tmtu ligand is terminally bound to the CdII atom via coordination of the S1 atom. The Cd—S and Cd—Br bond lengths are 2.5580 (6) and 2.5735 (3) Å, respectively. These values are in agreement with those reported for related compounds, e.g. (Al-Arfaj et al., 1998; Lobana et al. 2008; Marcos et al., 1998; Moloto et al., 2003). The bond angles around Cd are indicative of a slight tetrahedral distortion, with the S—Cd—S angle showing the largest deviation (117.70 (3)°) from the ideal value. The SCN2— moiety of the tmtu ligand is essentially planar, the maximum deviation from the mean plane being 0.007 (2) Å for the carbon atom. The fragments N1—C1—C2—C3 and N2—C1—C4—C5 are also close to planarity. The maximum deviations from the mean planes are 0.072 (2) Å and 0.065 (2) Å for N1 and N2, respectively. These values are consistent with a significant C—N double bond character and electron delocalization in the SCN2— moiety. The steric effect of the two adjacent 1,3-methyl groups imposes a dihedral angle of 47.4 (2) ° for the two mean planes and therefore a tilted conformation. The latter is likely stabilized by non-classical intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions involving methyl H atoms with sulfur and nitrogen atoms (C2—H2A ···N2 and C5—H5A···S1). The molecules pack to form columns approximately parallel to [110] direction (Fig. 2).

The structure of (I) is isotypic with [Cd(tmtu)2I2] (Nawaz et al., 2010a), with an equivalent degree of distortion from the ideal tetrahedral configuration and similar Cd—S and C—N bond lengths. The tmtu bond lengths are also consistent with those found for the likewise isotypic compound [Hg(tmtu)2Cl2] (Nawaz et al., 2010b), in which a significantly higher distortion of the metal ion coordination sphere is observed.

Related literature top

For crystallographic and spectroscopic studies of thiourea complexes, see: Al-Arfaj et al. (1998); Ali et al. (2009); Isab et al. (2009); Lobana et al. (2008); Marcos et al. (1998); Moloto et al. (2003). The structure of the title compound is isotypic with [Cd(tmtu)2I2] (Nawaz et al., 2010a) and [Hg(tmtu)2Cl2] (Nawaz et al., 2010b).

Experimental top

0.35 g (1.0 mmol) cadmium(II) bromide tetrahydrate dissolved in 10 ml water were added to two equivalents of tetramethylthiourea in methanol. A white precipitate formed and was filtered off. The filtrate was kept for crystallization. As a result, an off-white crystalline product suitable for single crystal X-ray diffraction was obtained.

Refinement top

H atoms were placed in calculated positions with a C—H distance of 0.96 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.5 Ueq(C).

Structure description top

The coordination chemistry of thioureas with metal ions has been the subject of several recent investigations because of their variable binding modes and because of the relevance of their binding sites to those in living systems. Crystallographic reports about d10 metal complexes of thioureas established that these ligands are coordinated via the sulfur atom (Al-Arfaj et al., 1998; Moloto et al., 2003). Spectroscopic data is also consistent with this finding (Isab et al., 2009; Ali et al., 2009). Herein, we report the crystal structure of a cadmium bromide complex with tetramethylthiourea (tmtu), [Cd(C5H12N2S2)2Br2], (I).

The crystal structure of (I) consists of discrete molecular species in which the cadmium atom is located on a twofold rotation axis (Fig. 1). It exhibits a distorted tetrahedral coordination environment defined by two tetramethylthiourea (tmtu) ligands and two bromide ions. The tmtu ligand is terminally bound to the CdII atom via coordination of the S1 atom. The Cd—S and Cd—Br bond lengths are 2.5580 (6) and 2.5735 (3) Å, respectively. These values are in agreement with those reported for related compounds, e.g. (Al-Arfaj et al., 1998; Lobana et al. 2008; Marcos et al., 1998; Moloto et al., 2003). The bond angles around Cd are indicative of a slight tetrahedral distortion, with the S—Cd—S angle showing the largest deviation (117.70 (3)°) from the ideal value. The SCN2— moiety of the tmtu ligand is essentially planar, the maximum deviation from the mean plane being 0.007 (2) Å for the carbon atom. The fragments N1—C1—C2—C3 and N2—C1—C4—C5 are also close to planarity. The maximum deviations from the mean planes are 0.072 (2) Å and 0.065 (2) Å for N1 and N2, respectively. These values are consistent with a significant C—N double bond character and electron delocalization in the SCN2— moiety. The steric effect of the two adjacent 1,3-methyl groups imposes a dihedral angle of 47.4 (2) ° for the two mean planes and therefore a tilted conformation. The latter is likely stabilized by non-classical intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions involving methyl H atoms with sulfur and nitrogen atoms (C2—H2A ···N2 and C5—H5A···S1). The molecules pack to form columns approximately parallel to [110] direction (Fig. 2).

The structure of (I) is isotypic with [Cd(tmtu)2I2] (Nawaz et al., 2010a), with an equivalent degree of distortion from the ideal tetrahedral configuration and similar Cd—S and C—N bond lengths. The tmtu bond lengths are also consistent with those found for the likewise isotypic compound [Hg(tmtu)2Cl2] (Nawaz et al., 2010b), in which a significantly higher distortion of the metal ion coordination sphere is observed.

For crystallographic and spectroscopic studies of thiourea complexes, see: Al-Arfaj et al. (1998); Ali et al. (2009); Isab et al. (2009); Lobana et al. (2008); Marcos et al. (1998); Moloto et al. (2003). The structure of the title compound is isotypic with [Cd(tmtu)2I2] (Nawaz et al., 2010a) and [Hg(tmtu)2Cl2] (Nawaz et al., 2010b).

Computing details top

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2008); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The molecular structure of title compound with the atomic numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 30% probability level. H-atoms are omitted for clarity.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. Packing diagram of the title complex
Dibromidobis(N,N,N',N'-tetramethylthiourea- κS)cadmium(II) top
Crystal data top
[CdBr2(C5H12N2S)2]F(000) = 1048
Mr = 536.67Dx = 1.868 Mg m3
Monoclinic, C2/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -C 2ycCell parameters from 12678 reflections
a = 18.6133 (17) Åθ = 2.5–28.3°
b = 10.0690 (9) ŵ = 5.54 mm1
c = 13.4600 (12) ÅT = 292 K
β = 130.834 (1)°Block, colorless
V = 1908.6 (3) Å30.24 × 0.23 × 0.20 mm
Z = 4
Data collection top
Bruker SMART APEX area-detector
diffractometer
2379 independent reflections
Radiation source: normal-focus sealed tube2114 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.028
ω scansθmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.5°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)
h = 2424
Tmin = 0.350, Tmax = 0.404k = 1313
12678 measured reflectionsl = 1717
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.021H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.052 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.025P)2 + 1.3001P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.05(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
2379 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.44 e Å3
92 parametersΔρmin = 0.45 e Å3
0 restraintsExtinction correction: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsExtinction coefficient: 0.0068 (2)
Crystal data top
[CdBr2(C5H12N2S)2]V = 1908.6 (3) Å3
Mr = 536.67Z = 4
Monoclinic, C2/cMo Kα radiation
a = 18.6133 (17) ŵ = 5.54 mm1
b = 10.0690 (9) ÅT = 292 K
c = 13.4600 (12) Å0.24 × 0.23 × 0.20 mm
β = 130.834 (1)°
Data collection top
Bruker SMART APEX area-detector
diffractometer
2379 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)
2114 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.350, Tmax = 0.404Rint = 0.028
12678 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0210 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.052H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.05Δρmax = 0.44 e Å3
2379 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.45 e Å3
92 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cd11.00000.70441 (2)0.25000.03969 (8)
Br11.149352 (17)0.56647 (3)0.34643 (3)0.05549 (9)
S11.03619 (4)0.83583 (7)0.44089 (5)0.04794 (14)
N10.91758 (14)0.76405 (19)0.4771 (2)0.0474 (4)
N20.85096 (13)0.8900 (2)0.29223 (18)0.0471 (4)
C10.92634 (14)0.82923 (19)0.39910 (19)0.0366 (4)
C20.8527 (2)0.8077 (3)0.4968 (3)0.0672 (7)
H2A0.82670.89280.45620.101*
H2B0.88670.81450.58910.101*
H2C0.80220.74440.45800.101*
C30.9861 (2)0.6637 (3)0.5706 (3)0.0724 (8)
H3A1.01110.61890.53590.109*
H3B0.95520.60040.58510.109*
H3C1.03690.70560.65220.109*
C40.75337 (18)0.8418 (3)0.2186 (3)0.0694 (8)
H4A0.75500.75420.24800.104*
H4B0.72110.83940.12660.104*
H4C0.72030.90050.23300.104*
C50.8609 (2)0.9921 (3)0.2254 (3)0.0697 (8)
H5A0.92181.03400.28700.105*
H5B0.81181.05730.18920.105*
H5C0.85570.95240.15610.105*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cd10.04286 (13)0.04283 (13)0.04311 (13)0.0000.03237 (11)0.000
Br10.05068 (15)0.05784 (16)0.05843 (16)0.01407 (10)0.03588 (13)0.00638 (11)
S10.0391 (3)0.0665 (4)0.0425 (3)0.0082 (2)0.0286 (2)0.0132 (2)
N10.0572 (11)0.0471 (10)0.0559 (11)0.0041 (9)0.0448 (10)0.0036 (8)
N20.0448 (10)0.0540 (11)0.0427 (10)0.0038 (8)0.0287 (9)0.0020 (8)
C10.0406 (10)0.0363 (10)0.0371 (10)0.0014 (8)0.0272 (9)0.0061 (8)
C20.0799 (19)0.0800 (19)0.0815 (19)0.0012 (15)0.0702 (18)0.0047 (15)
C30.090 (2)0.0600 (16)0.082 (2)0.0174 (15)0.0627 (19)0.0238 (15)
C40.0393 (13)0.101 (2)0.0573 (16)0.0026 (14)0.0268 (12)0.0123 (15)
C50.0804 (19)0.0721 (18)0.0571 (15)0.0165 (15)0.0451 (15)0.0201 (14)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Cd1—S12.5580 (6)C2—H2B0.9600
Cd1—S1i2.5580 (6)C2—H2C0.9600
Cd1—Br1i2.5735 (3)C3—H3A0.9600
Cd1—Br12.5735 (3)C3—H3B0.9600
S1—C11.731 (2)C3—H3C0.9600
N1—C11.335 (3)C4—H4A0.9600
N1—C31.460 (3)C4—H4B0.9600
N1—C21.463 (3)C4—H4C0.9600
N2—C11.331 (3)C5—H5A0.9600
N2—C51.455 (3)C5—H5B0.9600
N2—C41.471 (3)C5—H5C0.9600
C2—H2A0.9600
S1—Cd1—S1i117.70 (3)H2A—C2—H2C109.5
S1—Cd1—Br1i105.899 (14)H2B—C2—H2C109.5
S1i—Cd1—Br1i106.524 (15)N1—C3—H3A109.5
S1—Cd1—Br1106.524 (15)N1—C3—H3B109.5
S1i—Cd1—Br1105.899 (14)H3A—C3—H3B109.5
Br1i—Cd1—Br1114.676 (17)N1—C3—H3C109.5
C1—S1—Cd1100.04 (7)H3A—C3—H3C109.5
C1—N1—C3122.1 (2)H3B—C3—H3C109.5
C1—N1—C2122.3 (2)N2—C4—H4A109.5
C3—N1—C2114.2 (2)N2—C4—H4B109.5
C1—N2—C5121.5 (2)H4A—C4—H4B109.5
C1—N2—C4122.8 (2)N2—C4—H4C109.5
C5—N2—C4114.6 (2)H4A—C4—H4C109.5
N2—C1—N1119.41 (19)H4B—C4—H4C109.5
N2—C1—S1121.32 (16)N2—C5—H5A109.5
N1—C1—S1119.26 (16)N2—C5—H5B109.5
N1—C2—H2A109.5H5A—C5—H5B109.5
N1—C2—H2B109.5N2—C5—H5C109.5
H2A—C2—H2B109.5H5A—C5—H5C109.5
N1—C2—H2C109.5H5B—C5—H5C109.5
Symmetry code: (i) x+2, y, z+1/2.
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C2—H2A···N20.962.532.855 (4)100
C5—H5A···S10.962.653.026 (3)104

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[CdBr2(C5H12N2S)2]
Mr536.67
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, C2/c
Temperature (K)292
a, b, c (Å)18.6133 (17), 10.0690 (9), 13.4600 (12)
β (°) 130.834 (1)
V3)1908.6 (3)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)5.54
Crystal size (mm)0.24 × 0.23 × 0.20
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker SMART APEX area-detector
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996)
Tmin, Tmax0.350, 0.404
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
12678, 2379, 2114
Rint0.028
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.668
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.021, 0.052, 1.05
No. of reflections2379
No. of parameters92
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.44, 0.45

Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2008), SAINT (Bruker, 2008), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).

Selected bond lengths (Å) top
Cd1—S12.5580 (6)Cd1—Br12.5735 (3)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C2—H2A···N20.96002.53002.855 (4)100.00
C5—H5A···S10.96002.65003.026 (3)104.00
 

Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, for providing the X-ray facility.

References

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First citationAli, S., Malik, M. R., Isab, A. A. & Ahmad, S. (2009). J. Coord. Chem. 62, 475–480.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS Google Scholar
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First citationNawaz, S., Sadaf, S., Fettouhi, M., Fazal, A. & Ahmad, S. (2010a). Acta Cryst. E66, m951.  Web of Science CSD CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
First citationNawaz, S., Sadaf, H., Fettouhi, M., Fazal, A. & Ahmad, S. (2010b). Acta Cryst. E66, m952.  Web of Science CSD CrossRef IUCr Journals Google Scholar
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First citationSheldrick, G. M. (2008). Acta Cryst. A64, 112–122.  Web of Science CrossRef CAS IUCr Journals Google Scholar

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