Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270102006285/tr1016sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270102006285/tr1016Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 187921
The ligand 1-propylimidazolidine-2-thione was prepared and characterized following a modification of the procedure of Allen et al. (1959) (see reaction Scheme in Comment). N-Propylethylenediamine (3.64 g, 0.36 mmol) was dissolved in EtOH/H2O (10 + 10 ml) and cooled in an ice bath. An excess of carbon disulfide (0.6 ml 9.9 mmol) was added dropwise (0.01 ml min-1) and the temperature raised to 333 K. A second portion of carbon disulfide (3.0 ml, 49.7 mmol) was added dropwise (0.02 ml min-1). When the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 383 K and reflux continued for 1 h. Thereafter, 0.5 ml of hydrochloride acid was added and the reflux continued for a further 10 h. The mixture was cooled and the 2.78 g of solid which was collected was washed with chilled acetone. The solid was identified as 1-propylimidazolidine-2-thione. Elemental analysis, found: C 49.8, H 8.1, N 19.3, S 22.0%; calculated for C6H12N2S: C 50.0, H 8.4, N 19.4, S 22.2%. Relevant spectroscopic data, IR spectrum (KBr mulls, cm-1): 3192 ν(N—H), 1498 ν(C—N)+ δ(N—H), 612 Δ(N—H), 510 ν(C—S); 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, p.p.m.): δ 6.57 (bs, 3H, N–H), 3.65–3.44 (m, 8H, CH2), 1.65 (m, 3H, CH3); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3, p.p.m.): δ 183.6, 48.9, 48.8, 41.8, 20.81, 11.5. For the preparation of (I), CoCl2 hexahydrate (2 g, 8.4 mmol) was dried with refluxing Cl2SO. After 2 h, the excess Cl2SO was removed under vacuum. After this, all further reactions were carried out under an argon atmosphere. Anhydrous CoCl2 (0.13 g, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in 20 ml of dry MeOH and an excess of 1-propylimidazolidine-2-thione (0.43 g, 3.0 mmol) was added. After 12 h of reaction, the MeOH was removed under vacuum and the oily product obtained was recrystallized from toluene. Elemental analysis, found: C 35.3, H 5.7, N 13.6, S 15.6%; calculated for C12H24Cl2CoN4S2: C 34.5, H 5.8, N 13.4, S 15.3%.
H atoms of CH2 and CH3 groups were placed in calculated positions and refined with a riding model (C—H 0.97 and 0.96 Å, and 1.00 Å for CH3 groups C15 and C16) and Uiso values 1.2Ueq and 1.5Ueq, respectively, of the C atoms to which they are attached. H atoms of the N—H groups were also placed in calculated positions and refined with a riding model (N—H 0.86 Å) and Uiso values 1.2Ueq of the N atoms to which they are attached.
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1998); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 1998); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1998); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
[CoCl2(C6H12N2S)2] | F(000) = 868 |
Mr = 418.30 | Dx = 1.420 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yc | Cell parameters from 926 reflections |
a = 15.684 (4) Å | θ = 2.7–24.0° |
b = 8.640 (2) Å | µ = 1.36 mm−1 |
c = 14.916 (4) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 104.528 (5)° | Prism, blue |
V = 1956.7 (9) Å3 | 0.39 × 0.20 × 0.09 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer | 4015 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1464 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.092 |
ω scans | θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 1.3° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −19→18 |
Tmin = 0.619, Tmax = 0.887 | k = −8→10 |
11320 measured reflections | l = −18→14 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.173 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 0.86 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0728P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
4015 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
192 parameters | Δρmax = 0.47 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.43 e Å−3 |
[CoCl2(C6H12N2S)2] | V = 1956.7 (9) Å3 |
Mr = 418.30 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 15.684 (4) Å | µ = 1.36 mm−1 |
b = 8.640 (2) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 14.916 (4) Å | 0.39 × 0.20 × 0.09 mm |
β = 104.528 (5)° |
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer | 4015 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 1464 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.619, Tmax = 0.887 | Rint = 0.092 |
11320 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.173 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 0.86 | Δρmax = 0.47 e Å−3 |
4015 reflections | Δρmin = −0.43 e Å−3 |
192 parameters |
Experimental. The poor quality of the best crystal give values for R(int) of 0.0921 and for R(sigma) of 0.1566. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Co | 0.83515 (6) | 0.75187 (12) | 0.09041 (6) | 0.0510 (3) | |
Cl1 | 0.91702 (12) | 0.9632 (2) | 0.13422 (11) | 0.0625 (5) | |
Cl2 | 0.92298 (13) | 0.5482 (2) | 0.08917 (12) | 0.0674 (6) | |
S1 | 0.73292 (12) | 0.7807 (2) | −0.05288 (12) | 0.0619 (6) | |
S2 | 0.73526 (13) | 0.7148 (2) | 0.18065 (12) | 0.0638 (6) | |
N11 | 0.7566 (4) | 0.7720 (7) | −0.2239 (4) | 0.0608 (17) | |
N12 | 0.8628 (4) | 0.6662 (8) | −0.1219 (4) | 0.0654 (18) | |
H12 | 0.8909 | 0.6286 | −0.0694 | 0.078* | |
N21 | 0.7554 (4) | 0.7323 (7) | 0.3636 (4) | 0.0638 (17) | |
N22 | 0.8646 (4) | 0.8288 (8) | 0.3198 (4) | 0.0676 (18) | |
H22 | 0.8961 | 0.8583 | 0.2833 | 0.081* | |
C11 | 0.7869 (5) | 0.7397 (8) | −0.1352 (4) | 0.0516 (17) | |
C12 | 0.8153 (5) | 0.7135 (9) | −0.2785 (5) | 0.068 (2) | |
H12A | 0.8319 | 0.7952 | −0.3154 | 0.081* | |
H12B | 0.7876 | 0.6303 | −0.3192 | 0.081* | |
C13 | 0.8938 (5) | 0.6558 (10) | −0.2064 (5) | 0.078 (2) | |
H13A | 0.9082 | 0.5500 | −0.2187 | 0.093* | |
H13B | 0.9449 | 0.7210 | −0.2028 | 0.093* | |
C14 | 0.6783 (6) | 0.8612 (10) | −0.2665 (6) | 0.084 (3) | |
H14A | 0.6571 | 0.9106 | −0.2178 | 0.101* | |
H14B | 0.6949 | 0.9426 | −0.3036 | 0.101* | |
C15 | 0.6080 (7) | 0.7756 (12) | −0.3234 (7) | 0.119 (4) | |
H15A | 0.5852 | 0.7007 | −0.2839 | 0.143* | |
H15B | 0.6311 | 0.7144 | −0.3691 | 0.143* | |
C16 | 0.5326 (7) | 0.8755 (14) | −0.3753 (6) | 0.136 (4) | |
H16A | 0.5141 | 0.9470 | −0.3310 | 0.204* | |
H16B | 0.4819 | 0.8082 | −0.4061 | 0.204* | |
H16C | 0.5520 | 0.9375 | −0.4233 | 0.204* | |
C21 | 0.7880 (5) | 0.7616 (8) | 0.2912 (4) | 0.0509 (17) | |
C22 | 0.8126 (5) | 0.7877 (9) | 0.4503 (5) | 0.067 (2) | |
H22A | 0.8296 | 0.7043 | 0.4948 | 0.080* | |
H22B | 0.7846 | 0.8692 | 0.4773 | 0.080* | |
C23 | 0.8906 (5) | 0.8481 (10) | 0.4189 (4) | 0.071 (2) | |
H23A | 0.9016 | 0.9562 | 0.4354 | 0.086* | |
H23B | 0.9433 | 0.7887 | 0.4460 | 0.086* | |
C24 | 0.6752 (6) | 0.6456 (11) | 0.3628 (6) | 0.092 (3) | |
H24A | 0.6540 | 0.5978 | 0.3025 | 0.111* | |
H24B | 0.6897 | 0.5632 | 0.4083 | 0.111* | |
C25 | 0.6055 (7) | 0.7367 (13) | 0.3822 (9) | 0.128 (4) | |
H25A | 0.5842 | 0.8093 | 0.3320 | 0.153* | |
H25B | 0.6280 | 0.7956 | 0.4385 | 0.153* | |
C26 | 0.5297 (7) | 0.6344 (14) | 0.3935 (8) | 0.147 (5) | |
H26A | 0.5334 | 0.5355 | 0.3654 | 0.220* | |
H26B | 0.4747 | 0.6828 | 0.3640 | 0.220* | |
H26C | 0.5333 | 0.6205 | 0.4582 | 0.220* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Co | 0.0537 (6) | 0.0644 (6) | 0.0376 (5) | 0.0045 (5) | 0.0162 (4) | −0.0026 (5) |
Cl1 | 0.0676 (14) | 0.0712 (13) | 0.0483 (9) | −0.0032 (10) | 0.0139 (9) | 0.0017 (10) |
Cl2 | 0.0775 (15) | 0.0736 (14) | 0.0557 (10) | 0.0198 (11) | 0.0253 (10) | 0.0101 (10) |
S1 | 0.0526 (12) | 0.0893 (16) | 0.0435 (9) | 0.0071 (11) | 0.0112 (9) | −0.0095 (10) |
S2 | 0.0557 (12) | 0.0906 (17) | 0.0504 (10) | −0.0050 (11) | 0.0231 (9) | −0.0137 (10) |
N11 | 0.069 (4) | 0.079 (5) | 0.035 (3) | 0.011 (4) | 0.013 (3) | −0.005 (3) |
N12 | 0.051 (4) | 0.106 (5) | 0.040 (3) | 0.013 (4) | 0.014 (3) | −0.003 (3) |
N21 | 0.070 (4) | 0.084 (5) | 0.050 (3) | −0.011 (4) | 0.039 (3) | −0.009 (4) |
N22 | 0.057 (4) | 0.107 (5) | 0.044 (3) | −0.007 (4) | 0.021 (3) | −0.001 (4) |
C11 | 0.048 (4) | 0.059 (5) | 0.046 (4) | −0.009 (4) | 0.008 (3) | 0.001 (4) |
C12 | 0.090 (6) | 0.078 (6) | 0.043 (4) | −0.004 (5) | 0.033 (4) | 0.011 (4) |
C13 | 0.079 (6) | 0.110 (7) | 0.053 (5) | 0.014 (5) | 0.030 (5) | 0.000 (5) |
C14 | 0.101 (8) | 0.084 (7) | 0.061 (5) | 0.017 (6) | 0.005 (5) | −0.002 (5) |
C15 | 0.096 (8) | 0.127 (9) | 0.111 (8) | 0.018 (7) | −0.014 (7) | −0.020 (7) |
C16 | 0.091 (8) | 0.188 (12) | 0.103 (8) | 0.048 (8) | −0.024 (6) | 0.014 (8) |
C21 | 0.052 (5) | 0.058 (5) | 0.048 (4) | 0.008 (4) | 0.022 (3) | 0.003 (4) |
C22 | 0.074 (6) | 0.087 (6) | 0.041 (4) | 0.003 (5) | 0.020 (4) | 0.007 (4) |
C23 | 0.068 (6) | 0.105 (7) | 0.044 (4) | 0.009 (5) | 0.019 (4) | −0.009 (4) |
C24 | 0.108 (8) | 0.098 (8) | 0.082 (6) | −0.028 (6) | 0.044 (6) | −0.012 (5) |
C25 | 0.081 (7) | 0.144 (10) | 0.177 (11) | 0.007 (7) | 0.068 (8) | −0.036 (9) |
C26 | 0.099 (9) | 0.203 (14) | 0.156 (10) | −0.057 (9) | 0.064 (8) | −0.013 (10) |
Co—Cl1 | 2.234 (2) | C14—C15 | 1.420 (11) |
Co—Cl2 | 2.238 (2) | C14—H14A | 0.9700 |
Co—S1 | 2.341 (2) | C14—H14B | 0.9700 |
Co—S2 | 2.330 (2) | C15—C16 | 1.511 (12) |
S1—C11 | 1.696 (7) | C15—H15A | 1.0000 |
S2—C21 | 1.697 (7) | C15—H15B | 1.0000 |
N11—C11 | 1.318 (8) | C16—H16A | 1.0001 |
N11—C12 | 1.464 (9) | C16—H16B | 1.0001 |
N11—C14 | 1.454 (9) | C16—H16C | 1.0001 |
N12—C11 | 1.319 (8) | C22—C23 | 1.510 (10) |
N12—C13 | 1.464 (8) | C22—H22A | 0.9700 |
N12—H12 | 0.8600 | C22—H22B | 0.9700 |
N21—C21 | 1.329 (8) | C23—H23A | 0.9700 |
N21—C22 | 1.458 (9) | C23—H23B | 0.9700 |
N21—C24 | 1.462 (9) | C24—C25 | 1.433 (11) |
N22—C21 | 1.306 (8) | C24—H24A | 0.9700 |
N22—C23 | 1.441 (8) | C24—H24B | 0.9700 |
N22—H22 | 0.8600 | C25—C26 | 1.524 (12) |
C12—C13 | 1.502 (9) | C25—H25A | 0.9700 |
C12—H12A | 0.9700 | C25—H25B | 0.9700 |
C12—H12B | 0.9700 | C26—H26A | 0.9600 |
C13—H13A | 0.9700 | C26—H26B | 0.9600 |
C13—H13B | 0.9700 | C26—H26C | 0.9600 |
Cl1—Co—Cl2 | 109.59 (9) | C16—C15—H15A | 108.9 |
Cl1—Co—S2 | 111.34 (8) | C14—C15—H15B | 108.9 |
Cl2—Co—S2 | 113.67 (8) | C16—C15—H15B | 108.9 |
Cl1—Co—S1 | 113.07 (8) | H15A—C15—H15B | 107.7 |
Cl2—Co—S1 | 110.99 (8) | C15—C16—H16A | 109.5 |
S2—Co—S1 | 97.83 (8) | C15—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C11—S1—Co | 106.7 (2) | H16A—C16—H16B | 109.5 |
C21—S2—Co | 107.1 (3) | C15—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C11—N11—C14 | 127.2 (6) | H16A—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C11—N11—C12 | 111.4 (6) | H16B—C16—H16C | 109.5 |
C14—N11—C12 | 121.3 (6) | N22—C21—N21 | 109.2 (6) |
C11—N12—C13 | 112.4 (6) | N22—C21—S2 | 127.4 (5) |
C11—N12—H12 | 123.8 | N21—C21—S2 | 123.4 (6) |
C13—N12—H12 | 123.8 | N21—C22—C23 | 101.7 (5) |
C21—N21—C22 | 112.5 (6) | N21—C22—H22A | 111.4 |
C21—N21—C24 | 126.6 (7) | C23—C22—H22A | 111.4 |
C22—N21—C24 | 120.8 (6) | N21—C22—H22B | 111.4 |
C21—N22—C23 | 112.8 (6) | C23—C22—H22B | 111.4 |
C21—N22—H22 | 123.6 | H22A—C22—H22B | 109.3 |
C23—N22—H22 | 123.6 | N22—C23—C22 | 103.6 (6) |
N11—C11—N12 | 109.8 (6) | N22—C23—H23A | 111.0 |
N11—C11—S1 | 124.2 (6) | C22—C23—H23A | 111.0 |
N12—C11—S1 | 125.9 (5) | N22—C23—H23B | 111.0 |
N11—C12—C13 | 103.5 (5) | C22—C23—H23B | 111.0 |
N11—C12—H12A | 111.1 | H23A—C23—H23B | 109.0 |
C13—C12—H12A | 111.1 | C25—C24—N21 | 114.6 (8) |
N11—C12—H12B | 111.1 | C25—C24—H24A | 108.6 |
C13—C12—H12B | 111.1 | N21—C24—H24A | 108.6 |
H12A—C12—H12B | 109.0 | C25—C24—H24B | 108.6 |
N12—C13—C12 | 101.9 (6) | N21—C24—H24B | 108.6 |
N12—C13—H13A | 111.4 | H24A—C24—H24B | 107.6 |
C12—C13—H13A | 111.4 | C24—C25—C26 | 111.1 (9) |
N12—C13—H13B | 111.4 | C24—C25—H25A | 109.4 |
C12—C13—H13B | 111.4 | C26—C25—H25A | 109.4 |
H13A—C13—H13B | 109.3 | C24—C25—H25B | 109.4 |
C15—C14—N11 | 115.4 (8) | C26—C25—H25B | 109.4 |
C15—C14—H14A | 108.4 | H25A—C25—H25B | 108.0 |
N11—C14—H14A | 108.4 | C25—C26—H26A | 109.5 |
C15—C14—H14B | 108.4 | C25—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
N11—C14—H14B | 108.4 | H26A—C26—H26B | 109.5 |
H14A—C14—H14B | 107.5 | C25—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
C14—C15—C16 | 113.5 (9) | H26A—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
C14—C15—H15A | 108.9 | H26B—C26—H26C | 109.5 |
Cl1—Co—S1—C11 | 84.5 (3) | C11—N11—C14—C15 | −111.3 (10) |
Cl2—Co—S1—C11 | −39.1 (3) | C12—N11—C14—C15 | 72.4 (11) |
S2—Co—S1—C11 | −158.3 (3) | N11—C14—C15—C16 | −173.0 (8) |
Cl1—Co—S2—C21 | −39.2 (3) | C23—N22—C21—N21 | 0.9 (9) |
Cl2—Co—S2—C21 | 85.2 (3) | C23—N22—C21—S2 | −178.6 (6) |
S1—Co—S2—C21 | −157.8 (3) | C22—N21—C21—N22 | 2.0 (9) |
C14—N11—C11—N12 | −175.4 (7) | C24—N21—C21—N22 | −174.0 (7) |
C12—N11—C11—N12 | 1.2 (9) | C22—N21—C21—S2 | −178.5 (5) |
C14—N11—C11—S1 | 7.2 (11) | C24—N21—C21—S2 | 5.6 (12) |
C12—N11—C11—S1 | −176.2 (5) | Co—S2—C21—N22 | 9.9 (8) |
C13—N12—C11—N11 | 5.3 (9) | Co—S2—C21—N21 | −169.5 (6) |
C13—N12—C11—S1 | −177.3 (6) | C21—N21—C22—C23 | −3.7 (8) |
Co—S1—C11—N11 | −166.2 (6) | C24—N21—C22—C23 | 172.5 (7) |
Co—S1—C11—N12 | 16.7 (7) | C21—N22—C23—C22 | −3.1 (9) |
C11—N11—C12—C13 | −6.8 (9) | N21—C22—C23—N22 | 3.8 (8) |
C14—N11—C12—C13 | 170.0 (7) | C21—N21—C24—C25 | −112.4 (10) |
C11—N12—C13—C12 | −9.1 (9) | C22—N21—C24—C25 | 72.0 (11) |
N11—C12—C13—N12 | 8.9 (8) | N21—C24—C25—C26 | −172.0 (8) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N12—H12···Cl2 | 0.86 | 2.39 | 3.217 (6) | 160 |
N22—H22···Cl1 | 0.86 | 2.50 | 3.291 (6) | 154 |
C14—H14A···S1 | 0.97 | 2.69 | 3.163 (8) | 110 |
C24—H24A···S2 | 0.97 | 2.67 | 3.148 (9) | 111 |
C12—H12A···Cl1i | 0.97 | 2.68 | 3.618 (8) | 161 |
C22—H22A···Cl2ii | 0.97 | 2.80 | 3.729 (8) | 160 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+2, z−1/2; (ii) x, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [CoCl2(C6H12N2S)2] |
Mr | 418.30 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P2/c |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 15.684 (4), 8.640 (2), 14.916 (4) |
β (°) | 104.528 (5) |
V (Å3) | 1956.7 (9) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.36 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.39 × 0.20 × 0.09 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART 1000 CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.619, 0.887 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 11320, 4015, 1464 |
Rint | 0.092 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.626 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.049, 0.173, 0.86 |
No. of reflections | 4015 |
No. of parameters | 192 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.47, −0.43 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 1998), SAINT (Bruker, 1998), SAINT, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), ORTEP-3 (Farrugia, 1998), SHELXL97.
Co—Cl1 | 2.234 (2) | N11—C14 | 1.454 (9) |
Co—Cl2 | 2.238 (2) | N12—C11 | 1.319 (8) |
Co—S1 | 2.341 (2) | N12—C13 | 1.464 (8) |
Co—S2 | 2.330 (2) | N21—C21 | 1.329 (8) |
S1—C11 | 1.696 (7) | N21—C22 | 1.458 (9) |
S2—C21 | 1.697 (7) | N21—C24 | 1.462 (9) |
N11—C11 | 1.318 (8) | N22—C21 | 1.306 (8) |
N11—C12 | 1.464 (9) | N22—C23 | 1.441 (8) |
Cl1—Co—Cl2 | 109.59 (9) | Cl2—Co—S1 | 110.99 (8) |
Cl1—Co—S2 | 111.34 (8) | S2—Co—S1 | 97.83 (8) |
Cl2—Co—S2 | 113.67 (8) | C11—S1—Co | 106.7 (2) |
Cl1—Co—S1 | 113.07 (8) | C21—S2—Co | 107.1 (3) |
N11—C14—C15—C16 | −173.0 (8) | N21—C24—C25—C26 | −172.0 (8) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N12—H12···Cl2 | 0.86 | 2.39 | 3.217 (6) | 160.4 |
N22—H22···Cl1 | 0.86 | 2.50 | 3.291 (6) | 153.5 |
C14—H14A···S1 | 0.97 | 2.69 | 3.163 (8) | 110.2 |
C24—H24A···S2 | 0.97 | 2.67 | 3.148 (9) | 111.1 |
C12—H12A···Cl1i | 0.97 | 2.68 | 3.618 (8) | 161.4 |
C22—H22A···Cl2ii | 0.97 | 2.80 | 3.729 (8) | 160.1 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, −y+2, z−1/2; (ii) x, −y+1, z+1/2. |
Heterocyclic thiones, and especially heterocyclic molecules containing the thioamide group [–C(S)–NH–], form a class of coordination compounds which are interesting because of the thione–thiol equilibrium and the study of this equilibrium has been one of our objectives (García-Vázquez et al., 1999). In addition, these compounds have a wide range of applications as analytical reagents, metal corrosion inhibitors and in the pharmaceutical field (Hussain et al., 1990).
Furthermore, heterocyclic thione complexes of cobalt have been used to analyse the redox properties of the metal, studies which could be relevant to understanding the interaction of the cobalt ion with DNA (Tran Qui & Bagieu, 1990), but there have been relatively few reports of its complexation behaviour with this kind of ligand.
We have therefore synthesized a cobalt(II) complex incorporating a heterocyclic thionate ligand, namely dichlorobis(1-propylimidazolidine-2-thione-κS)cobalt(II), (I), the structure of which consists of monomeric units, although weak interactions between molecules through non-classical hydrogen bonds are found (Table 2). The heterocyclic thione ligand is monodentate and bonded to the metal through the S atom (Fig. 1). The environment around the CoII atom is that of a slightly distorted tetrahedron, where the dihedral angle between the Co(Cl)2 and Co(S)2 moieties is 88.35 (6)°. The main point of distortion is the S—Co—S angle of only 97.83 (8)°, which deviated greatly from the ideal tetrahedral value (within experimental error) seen for Cl—Co—Cl in (I). Intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the N—H groups and the Cl atoms are also found (see Table 2), where the two amine H atoms coordinate to different Cl atoms (clinal geometry, see below). Hence, the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the two five-membered rings in (I) is 52.5 (2)°.
Looking to explain the value of the S—Co—S angle, a search was made for CoCl2S2 complexes in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD; Version 5.22 of October 2001; Allen & Kennard, 1993) which returned only 9 hits and 7 compounds, one being trinuclear and therefore not considered further. There are three thiourea derivatives, one of them, dichlorobis(N,N'-di-o-tolylthiourea-S)cobalt(II) (Prisyazhnyuk et al., 1986), has a very distorted tetrahedral core, with a Cl—Co—Cl angle close to 120° and an S—Co—S angle close to 111°. The remaining thiourea (Hall & Horrocks, 1969; Domiano & Tiripicchio, 1972) and N,N'-diethylthiourea (Bonamico et al., 1973; Abbati et al., 1999) derivatives both appear twice and both compounds are geometrically similar to (I). Hydrogen bonds are also found in these two compounds. It is noteworthy that there are two possibilities for intramolecular interactions involving the Cl atoms. The first is a periplanar geometry where the two amine H atoms coordinate to the same Cl atom and the second is a clinal geometry, where the two amine H atoms coordinate to different Cl atoms. It is interesting to note that both geometries are found in dichlorobis(N,N'-diethylthiourea)cobalt(II), as there are two molecules in the asymmetric unit (Abbati et al., 1999). Still, the geometrical parameters around the Co atom are quite similar, the S—Co—S angles being 97.27 (5) and 98.57 (4)°, respectively.
In the other three compounds found in the in the CSD search, the S atom is connected to a ring and, in two of them, connects to a five-membered ring as in (I). In the first of the latter two, dinuclear bis{[µ2-N,N'-ethylenebis(pyrrolidine-2-thione-S,S')]dichlorocobalt(II)} (Atherton et al., 1998), the dithione ligands bridge the two CoII atoms and the larger S—Co—S angle of 121.38 (8)° can be understood as a being a result of this bridging. The second compound, dichlorobis(2-mercaptobenzimidazole)cobalt(II) (Ravikumar et al. 1995), is the most chemically similar to (I), and as for the title compound, a clinal geometry is found. Still, the S—Co—S angle is 108.9 (1)° compared with 97.38 (8)° in (I). Classical intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the amine H and the Cl atoms are found in both complexes, but the N-propyl groups in (I) prevent the occurrence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds and this is probably one of the reasons for the differences found between the two complexes.
The hybridization of the S atom has been discussed extensively by Raper & Nowell (1979) on the basis of the Co—S—C angle and the dihedral angle between the Co—S—C plane and the mean plane of the ligand. When the Co—S—C angle is close to 104°, an sp3 hybridization is proposed, and values of about 108–110° are consistent with an sp2 character. The corresponding values in (I), 106.7 (2) and 107.1 (3)°, do not allow us to distinguish between the two possibilities. The dihedral angles between the Co—S—C and SC(N)2 planes found in (I) are 15.2 (3) and 10.2 (3)°, which are consistent with sp2 hybridization.
Furthermore, the ring bond lengths are consistent with a considerable delocalization of the charge in the SC(N)2 moiety, with the values for the C—N bond [average 1.318 (8) Å] being shorter than those expected for a single bond (Allen et al., 1987). The C—S bonds [average 1.696 (7) Å] are only slightly longer than in the uncoordinated N,N'-dimethyl-1,3-imidazolidine-2-thione ligand [1.673 (5) Å; Chieh & Cheung, 1983], suggesting that the ligand is coordinated in the thione rather than the thionate form. The Co—S distances of 2.330 (2) and 2.341 (2) Å are slightly longer than in other complexes where a thionate form is suggested (Raper & Nowell, 1979). The Co—Cl bond lengths agree with the corresponding lengths of other tetrahedral cobalt(II) complexes (Tran Qui & Bagieu, 1990; Abbati et al., 1999).
The geometrical parameters found in dichlorobis(2-mercaptobenzimidazole)cobalt(II) (Ravikumar et al., 1995) are also consistent with a thione rather than a thionate form [C—S bond lengths of 1.701 (6) and 1.724 (7) Å, and Co—S—C bond angles of 105.6 (2) and 108.4 (2)°]. The C—S bond lengths found in dichlorobis(N,N'-diethylthiourea)cobalt(II) (Abbati et al., 1999) are longer, whereas the average S—Co—S angle is 97.92 (5)°, similar to that found in (I). Hence, the value of the S—Co—S angle does not depend on the sp character of the S atom.
Thus, the value of the S—Co—S angle, together with the differences found in the Co—S and Co—Cl bond lengths, are probably a consequence of the different properties of the donor atoms. The Cl- and S-atom covalent radii differ only by 0.03 Å (Huheey et al., 1993). However, the Co—S and Co—Cl bond lengths differ by about 0.1 Å in all the compounds found in the CSD search, except in dichlorobis(2-mercaptobenzimidazole)cobalt(II) (Ravikumar et al., 1995), which again deviates by an average of 0.07 Å (maximum 0.098 Å and minimum 0.037 Å). This, together with the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and the crystal packing, results in the differences found for this compound, where the orientation of the ligands allows similar bond lengths and a regular geometry around the CoII atom. The different orientation present in (I) (Fig. 3) is probably due to the propyl groups and the lack of classical intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the N atom and the Cl atoms of neighbouring molecules.
The thione ligands (excluding the n-propyl group) are essentially planar, with a maximum deviation from the least-squares mean planes of 0.053 (5) Å for atom C13. The CoII atom deviates by 0.508 (9) and 0.363 (9) Å from these planes.