Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053680400073X/su6072sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053680400073X/su6072Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 234872
Key indicators
- Single-crystal X-ray study
- T = 293 K
- Mean (C-C) = 0.004 Å
- R factor = 0.035
- wR factor = 0.084
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 16.7
checkCIF/PLATON results
No syntax errors found
Alert level C PLAT026_ALERT_3_C Ratio Observed / Unique Reflections too Low .... 46 Perc. PLAT230_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff for C19 - C20 = 5.19 su PLAT230_ALERT_2_C Hirshfeld Test Diff for C33 - C38 = 6.57 su PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C9 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C16 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C19 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C33 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C40 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low U(eq) as Compared to Neighbors .... C43 PLAT331_ALERT_2_C Small Av. Phenyl C-C Dist. C9 - C14 = 1.37 Ang. PLAT331_ALERT_2_C Small Av. Phenyl C-C Dist. C19 - C24 = 1.37 Ang. PLAT331_ALERT_2_C Small Av. Phenyl C-C Dist. C33 - C38 = 1.36 Ang.
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 12 ALERT level C = Check and explain 0 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 0 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 11 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 0 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion
Data collection: X-AREA (Stoe & Cie, 2002); cell refinement: X-AREA; data reduction: X-RED32 (Stoe & Cie, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEPIII (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX (Farrugia, 1999).
C24H22N2S2 | F(000) = 1696 |
Mr = 402.58 | Dx = 1.242 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/n | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2yn | Cell parameters from 19141 reflections |
a = 22.1161 (10) Å | θ = 1.2–25.3° |
b = 8.7361 (5) Å | µ = 0.26 mm−1 |
c = 22.3793 (10) Å | T = 293 K |
β = 95.336 (4)° | Prism, red |
V = 4305.1 (4) Å3 | 0.40 × 0.29 × 0.19 mm |
Z = 8 |
Stoe IPDS-II diffractometer | 8470 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3928 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Plane graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.065 |
Detector resolution: 6.67 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 26.0°, θmin = 1.2° |
rotation method scans | h = −27→27 |
Absorption correction: integration (X-RED32; Stoe & Cie, 2002) | k = −10→10 |
Tmin = 0.920, Tmax = 0.954 | l = −27→27 |
60783 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.084 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.04P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 0.82 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
8470 reflections | Δρmax = 0.23 e Å−3 |
506 parameters | Δρmin = −0.22 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97, FC*=KFC[1+0.001XFC2Λ3/SIN(2Θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.00178 (17) |
Experimental. 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were recorded using a Varian ML 60 (Varian Associates, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and Bruker DPX-400 high performance digital FT-NMR (Bruker WM360, Bruker Instruments, Inc., Billercia, USA) spectrometers, respectively. Elemental analysis was performed by the elemental analysis laboratory of Tübitak (The Scientific and Technical Research Consul of Turkey) at Ankara (Turkey). Melting points were recorded using an electrothermal melting point apparatus, Electrothermal 9200 (Electrothermal Engineering Ltd., Essex, UK) and are uncorrected. |
Geometry. Bond distances, angles etc. have been calculated using the rounded fractional coordinates. All su's are estimated from the variances of the (full) variance-covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account in the estimation of distances, angles and torsion angles |
Refinement. Refinement on F2 for ALL reflections except those flagged by the user for potential systematic errors. Weighted R-factors wR and all goodnesses of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The observed criterion of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating -R-factor-obs etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
S1 | 0.00364 (4) | 0.60583 (7) | 0.34555 (3) | 0.0923 (3) | |
S2 | 0.02942 (3) | 0.94344 (7) | 0.33664 (3) | 0.0816 (3) | |
N1 | 0.04294 (7) | 0.78008 (17) | 0.48126 (7) | 0.0538 (6) | |
N2 | 0.12756 (7) | 0.75109 (17) | 0.43972 (6) | 0.0544 (6) | |
C1 | 0.08903 (9) | 0.7717 (2) | 0.52791 (8) | 0.0546 (7) | |
C2 | 0.08778 (11) | 0.7805 (3) | 0.58955 (9) | 0.0747 (9) | |
C3 | 0.14272 (12) | 0.7697 (3) | 0.62297 (10) | 0.0902 (10) | |
C4 | 0.19635 (11) | 0.7525 (3) | 0.59660 (11) | 0.0859 (10) | |
C5 | 0.19817 (10) | 0.7446 (2) | 0.53556 (10) | 0.0700 (9) | |
C6 | 0.14273 (9) | 0.7538 (2) | 0.50166 (8) | 0.0537 (7) | |
C7 | −0.02179 (8) | 0.8069 (2) | 0.48797 (9) | 0.0587 (8) | |
C8 | −0.05506 (9) | 0.6652 (2) | 0.50581 (10) | 0.0652 (8) | |
C9 | −0.12065 (9) | 0.7056 (2) | 0.51002 (10) | 0.0602 (8) | |
C10 | −0.13767 (12) | 0.7958 (3) | 0.55557 (12) | 0.0885 (11) | |
C11 | −0.19806 (17) | 0.8388 (3) | 0.55704 (18) | 0.1205 (18) | |
C12 | −0.24012 (15) | 0.7901 (4) | 0.5127 (2) | 0.1242 (16) | |
C13 | −0.22358 (14) | 0.7008 (4) | 0.46783 (16) | 0.1102 (16) | |
C14 | −0.16422 (12) | 0.6586 (3) | 0.46631 (11) | 0.0801 (10) | |
C15 | 0.06750 (9) | 0.7675 (2) | 0.42899 (8) | 0.0533 (7) | |
C16 | 0.03292 (9) | 0.7716 (2) | 0.36890 (8) | 0.0598 (7) | |
C17 | 0.17072 (9) | 0.7320 (2) | 0.39428 (9) | 0.0612 (7) | |
C18 | 0.19078 (10) | 0.5672 (2) | 0.38894 (10) | 0.0740 (9) | |
C19 | 0.23161 (11) | 0.5500 (2) | 0.33926 (9) | 0.0620 (8) | |
C20 | 0.21137 (12) | 0.4848 (3) | 0.28575 (12) | 0.0933 (11) | |
C21 | 0.24872 (18) | 0.4735 (4) | 0.23918 (12) | 0.1133 (15) | |
C22 | 0.30503 (18) | 0.5249 (4) | 0.24622 (14) | 0.1052 (14) | |
C23 | 0.32735 (13) | 0.5851 (3) | 0.29946 (15) | 0.1080 (12) | |
C24 | 0.29019 (12) | 0.5987 (3) | 0.34578 (11) | 0.0893 (11) | |
S3 | 0.34774 (3) | 0.54485 (7) | 0.51960 (3) | 0.0782 (3) | |
S4 | 0.35070 (3) | 0.87937 (7) | 0.48932 (3) | 0.0883 (3) | |
N3 | 0.44657 (7) | 0.75313 (17) | 0.61604 (7) | 0.0569 (6) | |
N4 | 0.49102 (7) | 0.72614 (17) | 0.53367 (6) | 0.0517 (6) | |
C25 | 0.50862 (10) | 0.7598 (2) | 0.63226 (8) | 0.0576 (8) | |
C26 | 0.54140 (12) | 0.7795 (3) | 0.68762 (10) | 0.0779 (10) | |
C27 | 0.60317 (13) | 0.7832 (3) | 0.68729 (12) | 0.0920 (11) | |
C28 | 0.63204 (11) | 0.7691 (3) | 0.63498 (12) | 0.0876 (11) | |
C29 | 0.59948 (10) | 0.7483 (2) | 0.58030 (10) | 0.0695 (9) | |
C30 | 0.53688 (9) | 0.7441 (2) | 0.58028 (8) | 0.0552 (7) | |
C31 | 0.39957 (10) | 0.7498 (2) | 0.65831 (9) | 0.0645 (8) | |
C32 | 0.39802 (11) | 0.5940 (2) | 0.68813 (10) | 0.0757 (9) | |
C33 | 0.34788 (10) | 0.5825 (2) | 0.72865 (9) | 0.0625 (8) | |
C34 | 0.35513 (12) | 0.6362 (3) | 0.78597 (11) | 0.0903 (11) | |
C35 | 0.30939 (19) | 0.6252 (4) | 0.82330 (13) | 0.1192 (15) | |
C36 | 0.25610 (18) | 0.5620 (4) | 0.80368 (19) | 0.1172 (17) | |
C37 | 0.24696 (14) | 0.5069 (4) | 0.74791 (19) | 0.1158 (16) | |
C38 | 0.29348 (13) | 0.5174 (3) | 0.71002 (12) | 0.0937 (11) | |
C39 | 0.43723 (9) | 0.7325 (2) | 0.55644 (8) | 0.0518 (7) | |
C40 | 0.37714 (9) | 0.7190 (2) | 0.52136 (8) | 0.0569 (7) | |
C41 | 0.50016 (9) | 0.7072 (2) | 0.47002 (8) | 0.0551 (7) | |
C42 | 0.51165 (10) | 0.8588 (2) | 0.44015 (8) | 0.0637 (8) | |
C43 | 0.52137 (11) | 0.8365 (2) | 0.37507 (9) | 0.0586 (8) | |
C44 | 0.47278 (12) | 0.8218 (3) | 0.33300 (11) | 0.0888 (10) | |
C45 | 0.48064 (15) | 0.7969 (3) | 0.27324 (11) | 0.1052 (13) | |
C46 | 0.53729 (16) | 0.7893 (3) | 0.25533 (12) | 0.0942 (13) | |
C47 | 0.58623 (14) | 0.8066 (3) | 0.29590 (12) | 0.0886 (11) | |
C48 | 0.57830 (11) | 0.8290 (2) | 0.35603 (10) | 0.0758 (10) | |
H2 | 0.05170 | 0.79300 | 0.60720 | 0.0900* | |
H3 | 0.14400 | 0.77410 | 0.66460 | 0.1080* | |
H4 | 0.23260 | 0.74590 | 0.62110 | 0.1030* | |
H5 | 0.23450 | 0.73370 | 0.51810 | 0.0840* | |
H7A | −0.04130 | 0.84510 | 0.45030 | 0.0700* | |
H7B | −0.02520 | 0.88540 | 0.51810 | 0.0700* | |
H8A | −0.05200 | 0.58540 | 0.47610 | 0.0780* | |
H8B | −0.03710 | 0.62770 | 0.54420 | 0.0780* | |
H10 | −0.10870 | 0.82850 | 0.58570 | 0.1060* | |
H11 | −0.20970 | 0.90010 | 0.58800 | 0.1440* | |
H12 | −0.28050 | 0.81880 | 0.51330 | 0.1490* | |
H13 | −0.25260 | 0.66770 | 0.43790 | 0.1320* | |
H14 | −0.15320 | 0.59710 | 0.43520 | 0.0960* | |
H17A | 0.20610 | 0.79560 | 0.40480 | 0.0730* | |
H17B | 0.15190 | 0.76640 | 0.35570 | 0.0730* | |
H18A | 0.21220 | 0.53450 | 0.42660 | 0.0890* | |
H18B | 0.15540 | 0.50220 | 0.38090 | 0.0890* | |
H20 | 0.17190 | 0.44730 | 0.28030 | 0.1120* | |
H21 | 0.23390 | 0.42950 | 0.20290 | 0.1360* | |
H22 | 0.32940 | 0.51980 | 0.21460 | 0.1260* | |
H23 | 0.36760 | 0.61730 | 0.30500 | 0.1290* | |
H24 | 0.30570 | 0.64190 | 0.38200 | 0.1070* | |
H26 | 0.52250 | 0.78950 | 0.72280 | 0.0930* | |
H27 | 0.62680 | 0.79570 | 0.72350 | 0.1100* | |
H28 | 0.67420 | 0.77390 | 0.63710 | 0.1050* | |
H29 | 0.61850 | 0.73760 | 0.54520 | 0.0830* | |
H31A | 0.36030 | 0.77150 | 0.63700 | 0.0770* | |
H31B | 0.40800 | 0.82810 | 0.68870 | 0.0770* | |
H32A | 0.39250 | 0.51560 | 0.65740 | 0.0910* | |
H32B | 0.43660 | 0.57560 | 0.71130 | 0.0910* | |
H34 | 0.39180 | 0.68120 | 0.80020 | 0.1080* | |
H35 | 0.31550 | 0.66190 | 0.86240 | 0.1430* | |
H36 | 0.22520 | 0.55650 | 0.82910 | 0.1400* | |
H37 | 0.21000 | 0.46200 | 0.73450 | 0.1390* | |
H38 | 0.28720 | 0.47900 | 0.67120 | 0.1120* | |
H41A | 0.46450 | 0.65940 | 0.44950 | 0.0660* | |
H41B | 0.53450 | 0.63970 | 0.46640 | 0.0660* | |
H42A | 0.47720 | 0.92610 | 0.44330 | 0.0760* | |
H42B | 0.54720 | 0.90700 | 0.46070 | 0.0760* | |
H44 | 0.43370 | 0.82880 | 0.34480 | 0.1070* | |
H45 | 0.44700 | 0.78540 | 0.24540 | 0.1260* | |
H46 | 0.54270 | 0.77230 | 0.21520 | 0.1130* | |
H47 | 0.62520 | 0.80340 | 0.28340 | 0.1060* | |
H48 | 0.61210 | 0.83910 | 0.38370 | 0.0910* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
S1 | 0.1263 (6) | 0.0767 (4) | 0.0706 (4) | −0.0162 (4) | −0.0084 (4) | −0.0036 (3) |
S2 | 0.0965 (5) | 0.0742 (4) | 0.0715 (4) | 0.0028 (3) | −0.0056 (3) | 0.0125 (3) |
N1 | 0.0448 (10) | 0.0654 (10) | 0.0523 (10) | 0.0023 (8) | 0.0105 (8) | 0.0017 (8) |
N2 | 0.0514 (11) | 0.0635 (11) | 0.0501 (10) | 0.0033 (8) | 0.0145 (8) | 0.0025 (8) |
C1 | 0.0497 (13) | 0.0615 (12) | 0.0529 (12) | 0.0002 (10) | 0.0068 (10) | 0.0001 (10) |
C2 | 0.0646 (15) | 0.1064 (18) | 0.0550 (13) | 0.0026 (13) | 0.0151 (12) | −0.0024 (12) |
C3 | 0.0767 (18) | 0.139 (2) | 0.0542 (13) | −0.0015 (16) | 0.0030 (14) | −0.0064 (14) |
C4 | 0.0650 (17) | 0.121 (2) | 0.0688 (16) | 0.0002 (14) | −0.0090 (13) | −0.0066 (15) |
C5 | 0.0492 (14) | 0.0848 (16) | 0.0762 (15) | 0.0012 (11) | 0.0069 (12) | −0.0023 (12) |
C6 | 0.0495 (13) | 0.0609 (13) | 0.0518 (12) | −0.0003 (10) | 0.0100 (10) | 0.0012 (10) |
C7 | 0.0480 (13) | 0.0608 (13) | 0.0682 (13) | 0.0034 (10) | 0.0105 (10) | 0.0043 (10) |
C8 | 0.0578 (14) | 0.0591 (13) | 0.0807 (15) | 0.0026 (10) | 0.0165 (12) | 0.0069 (11) |
C9 | 0.0528 (14) | 0.0536 (12) | 0.0764 (14) | −0.0035 (10) | 0.0174 (12) | 0.0065 (11) |
C10 | 0.0746 (18) | 0.0785 (17) | 0.117 (2) | −0.0148 (13) | 0.0341 (16) | −0.0225 (15) |
C11 | 0.101 (3) | 0.0730 (19) | 0.200 (4) | −0.0089 (17) | 0.081 (3) | −0.028 (2) |
C12 | 0.064 (2) | 0.098 (2) | 0.217 (4) | 0.0072 (18) | 0.048 (3) | 0.045 (3) |
C13 | 0.061 (2) | 0.143 (3) | 0.126 (3) | −0.0202 (18) | 0.0051 (18) | 0.040 (2) |
C14 | 0.0664 (18) | 0.0961 (18) | 0.0791 (17) | −0.0146 (14) | 0.0137 (14) | 0.0116 (13) |
C15 | 0.0533 (13) | 0.0529 (12) | 0.0544 (12) | 0.0016 (10) | 0.0089 (10) | 0.0037 (9) |
C16 | 0.0604 (13) | 0.0659 (13) | 0.0536 (12) | 0.0020 (10) | 0.0077 (10) | −0.0002 (10) |
C17 | 0.0607 (13) | 0.0667 (13) | 0.0596 (12) | 0.0033 (11) | 0.0231 (11) | 0.0027 (10) |
C18 | 0.0838 (17) | 0.0643 (14) | 0.0789 (15) | 0.0084 (12) | 0.0337 (13) | 0.0044 (11) |
C19 | 0.0712 (16) | 0.0552 (12) | 0.0617 (13) | 0.0072 (11) | 0.0174 (12) | −0.0012 (10) |
C20 | 0.0809 (19) | 0.108 (2) | 0.0918 (19) | 0.0011 (15) | 0.0122 (16) | −0.0233 (16) |
C21 | 0.133 (3) | 0.134 (3) | 0.0740 (19) | 0.014 (2) | 0.015 (2) | −0.0331 (17) |
C22 | 0.123 (3) | 0.109 (2) | 0.091 (2) | 0.018 (2) | 0.050 (2) | −0.0091 (17) |
C23 | 0.082 (2) | 0.126 (2) | 0.122 (2) | −0.0082 (17) | 0.0418 (19) | −0.020 (2) |
C24 | 0.082 (2) | 0.110 (2) | 0.0784 (17) | −0.0036 (15) | 0.0210 (15) | −0.0202 (14) |
S3 | 0.0668 (4) | 0.0656 (4) | 0.1019 (5) | −0.0070 (3) | 0.0062 (3) | −0.0072 (3) |
S4 | 0.0681 (4) | 0.0746 (4) | 0.1184 (5) | 0.0014 (3) | −0.0108 (4) | 0.0201 (4) |
N3 | 0.0599 (12) | 0.0610 (11) | 0.0517 (10) | 0.0032 (8) | 0.0148 (9) | 0.0018 (8) |
N4 | 0.0513 (10) | 0.0583 (10) | 0.0467 (9) | 0.0009 (8) | 0.0105 (8) | −0.0009 (7) |
C25 | 0.0615 (14) | 0.0589 (13) | 0.0526 (12) | 0.0020 (10) | 0.0063 (11) | 0.0008 (10) |
C26 | 0.089 (2) | 0.0888 (17) | 0.0550 (14) | 0.0034 (14) | 0.0024 (13) | −0.0006 (12) |
C27 | 0.086 (2) | 0.112 (2) | 0.0732 (17) | 0.0010 (16) | −0.0181 (16) | −0.0049 (14) |
C28 | 0.0616 (16) | 0.106 (2) | 0.0919 (19) | 0.0014 (14) | −0.0101 (15) | −0.0030 (16) |
C29 | 0.0571 (15) | 0.0797 (15) | 0.0719 (15) | 0.0010 (11) | 0.0073 (12) | −0.0021 (12) |
C30 | 0.0551 (13) | 0.0561 (12) | 0.0542 (12) | 0.0023 (10) | 0.0046 (11) | 0.0004 (10) |
C31 | 0.0691 (14) | 0.0678 (14) | 0.0602 (12) | 0.0068 (11) | 0.0245 (11) | 0.0019 (11) |
C32 | 0.0893 (17) | 0.0662 (14) | 0.0763 (15) | 0.0082 (12) | 0.0329 (13) | 0.0108 (12) |
C33 | 0.0700 (16) | 0.0624 (13) | 0.0566 (13) | 0.0022 (11) | 0.0133 (12) | 0.0072 (10) |
C34 | 0.0868 (19) | 0.113 (2) | 0.0728 (17) | −0.0094 (15) | 0.0166 (15) | −0.0123 (15) |
C35 | 0.136 (3) | 0.154 (3) | 0.0734 (19) | 0.009 (2) | 0.041 (2) | −0.0083 (18) |
C36 | 0.111 (3) | 0.126 (3) | 0.123 (3) | 0.019 (2) | 0.056 (2) | 0.034 (2) |
C37 | 0.070 (2) | 0.120 (3) | 0.158 (3) | −0.0106 (16) | 0.014 (2) | 0.017 (2) |
C38 | 0.093 (2) | 0.108 (2) | 0.0806 (17) | −0.0071 (17) | 0.0102 (17) | −0.0062 (15) |
C39 | 0.0539 (13) | 0.0480 (11) | 0.0544 (12) | 0.0016 (9) | 0.0101 (10) | 0.0004 (9) |
C40 | 0.0510 (12) | 0.0608 (12) | 0.0602 (12) | 0.0013 (10) | 0.0123 (10) | −0.0023 (10) |
C41 | 0.0591 (13) | 0.0571 (12) | 0.0503 (12) | −0.0012 (10) | 0.0116 (10) | −0.0053 (9) |
C42 | 0.0775 (16) | 0.0614 (14) | 0.0540 (12) | −0.0053 (11) | 0.0157 (11) | −0.0077 (10) |
C43 | 0.0706 (16) | 0.0536 (12) | 0.0537 (13) | −0.0027 (10) | 0.0166 (12) | −0.0019 (9) |
C44 | 0.0795 (18) | 0.122 (2) | 0.0668 (16) | 0.0007 (15) | 0.0172 (14) | −0.0063 (14) |
C45 | 0.107 (2) | 0.148 (3) | 0.0594 (17) | 0.0006 (19) | 0.0016 (16) | −0.0059 (15) |
C46 | 0.131 (3) | 0.0968 (19) | 0.0592 (16) | −0.0006 (18) | 0.0329 (18) | −0.0045 (13) |
C47 | 0.097 (2) | 0.0914 (18) | 0.0837 (19) | −0.0012 (15) | 0.0425 (18) | −0.0031 (14) |
C48 | 0.0801 (18) | 0.0797 (16) | 0.0698 (16) | −0.0036 (12) | 0.0180 (14) | −0.0019 (12) |
S1—C16 | 1.6513 (19) | C17—H17B | 0.9707 |
S2—C16 | 1.6645 (19) | C18—H18B | 0.9700 |
S3—C40 | 1.6535 (19) | C18—H18A | 0.9706 |
S4—C40 | 1.6556 (19) | C20—H20 | 0.9297 |
N1—C7 | 1.472 (2) | C21—H21 | 0.9300 |
N1—C1 | 1.392 (2) | C22—H22 | 0.9296 |
N1—C15 | 1.339 (2) | C23—H23 | 0.9308 |
N2—C15 | 1.335 (3) | C24—H24 | 0.9303 |
N2—C6 | 1.396 (2) | C25—C26 | 1.387 (3) |
N2—C17 | 1.468 (2) | C25—C30 | 1.378 (3) |
N3—C31 | 1.469 (3) | C26—C27 | 1.367 (4) |
N3—C39 | 1.343 (2) | C27—C28 | 1.390 (4) |
N3—C25 | 1.388 (3) | C28—C29 | 1.373 (3) |
N4—C39 | 1.338 (2) | C29—C30 | 1.385 (3) |
N4—C41 | 1.467 (2) | C31—C32 | 1.518 (3) |
N4—C30 | 1.395 (2) | C32—C33 | 1.500 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.384 (3) | C33—C34 | 1.361 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.382 (3) | C33—C38 | 1.361 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.370 (3) | C34—C35 | 1.374 (5) |
C3—C4 | 1.381 (4) | C35—C36 | 1.338 (6) |
C4—C5 | 1.372 (3) | C36—C37 | 1.335 (6) |
C5—C6 | 1.383 (3) | C37—C38 | 1.396 (5) |
C7—C8 | 1.513 (3) | C39—C40 | 1.484 (3) |
C8—C9 | 1.504 (3) | C41—C42 | 1.516 (3) |
C9—C14 | 1.371 (3) | C42—C43 | 1.505 (3) |
C9—C10 | 1.369 (3) | C43—C44 | 1.367 (3) |
C10—C11 | 1.391 (5) | C43—C48 | 1.368 (3) |
C11—C12 | 1.364 (6) | C44—C45 | 1.382 (4) |
C12—C13 | 1.349 (5) | C45—C46 | 1.352 (5) |
C13—C14 | 1.367 (4) | C46—C47 | 1.355 (4) |
C15—C16 | 1.484 (3) | C47—C48 | 1.387 (3) |
C17—C18 | 1.515 (3) | C26—H26 | 0.9292 |
C18—C19 | 1.504 (3) | C27—H27 | 0.9289 |
C19—C20 | 1.364 (3) | C28—H28 | 0.9301 |
C19—C24 | 1.359 (4) | C29—H29 | 0.9296 |
C20—C21 | 1.392 (4) | C31—H31A | 0.9699 |
C21—C22 | 1.319 (6) | C31—H31B | 0.9704 |
C22—C23 | 1.353 (5) | C32—H32A | 0.9702 |
C23—C24 | 1.387 (4) | C32—H32B | 0.9698 |
C2—H2 | 0.9291 | C34—H34 | 0.9304 |
C3—H3 | 0.9302 | C35—H35 | 0.9299 |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C36—H36 | 0.9302 |
C5—H5 | 0.9304 | C37—H37 | 0.9308 |
C7—H7B | 0.9696 | C38—H38 | 0.9296 |
C7—H7A | 0.9698 | C41—H41A | 0.9695 |
C8—H8A | 0.9701 | C41—H41B | 0.9708 |
C8—H8B | 0.9694 | C42—H42A | 0.9701 |
C10—H10 | 0.9308 | C42—H42B | 0.9694 |
C11—H11 | 0.9307 | C44—H44 | 0.9289 |
C12—H12 | 0.9289 | C45—H45 | 0.9304 |
C13—H13 | 0.9296 | C46—H46 | 0.9289 |
C14—H14 | 0.9297 | C47—H47 | 0.9310 |
C17—H17A | 0.9706 | C48—H48 | 0.9295 |
S1···N1 | 3.4359 (17) | C40···H31A | 2.6881 |
S1···N2 | 3.5339 (17) | C41···H29 | 2.9887 |
S1···C46i | 3.631 (3) | C44···H23 | 2.9537 |
S2···N2 | 3.4533 (16) | C44···H41A | 2.9887 |
S2···N1 | 3.5243 (17) | C45···H23 | 3.0899 |
S3···N3 | 3.4451 (17) | C47···H32Aii | 3.0241 |
S3···C29ii | 3.661 (2) | C48···H32Aii | 3.0994 |
S3···C31 | 3.673 (2) | H2···C7 | 2.9949 |
S3···C13iii | 3.517 (3) | H2···H46x | 2.5092 |
S3···N4 | 3.5303 (17) | H4···C38 | 3.0429 |
S4···N4 | 3.4402 (17) | H5···S4 | 2.9911 |
S4···C41 | 3.693 (2) | H5···S3 | 2.9966 |
S1···H34iv | 3.1848 | H5···C17 | 2.9902 |
S1···H26iv | 2.9613 | H7A···C16 | 2.6422 |
S2···H10v | 3.0818 | H7B···H7Bv | 2.4649 |
S2···H17B | 3.1139 | H7B···N1v | 2.9488 |
S3···H29ii | 2.9917 | H7B···C7v | 2.8897 |
S3···H41Bii | 3.0543 | H7B···C2 | 2.9828 |
S3···H13iii | 3.0252 | H7B···C10 | 2.8091 |
S3···H32A | 3.1603 | H7B···H10 | 2.5428 |
S3···H5 | 2.9966 | H8A···H14 | 2.3402 |
S4···H12v | 3.0577 | H8B···H10 | 2.5925 |
S4···H42A | 3.0968 | H10···C7 | 3.0489 |
S4···H5 | 2.9911 | H10···S2v | 3.0818 |
S4···H42Bvi | 3.0599 | H10···H7B | 2.5428 |
N1···S1 | 3.4359 (17) | H10···H8B | 2.5925 |
N1···S2 | 3.5243 (17) | H12···H29xi | 2.5098 |
N1···N2 | 2.180 (2) | H12···S4v | 3.0577 |
N2···S1 | 3.5339 (17) | H13···S3iii | 3.0252 |
N2···N1 | 2.180 (2) | H14···H8A | 2.3402 |
N2···S2 | 3.4533 (16) | H17A···C24 | 2.9358 |
N3···S3 | 3.4451 (17) | H17A···C5 | 2.9813 |
N3···N4 | 2.181 (2) | H17B···S2 | 3.1139 |
N4···S3 | 3.5303 (17) | H17B···C16 | 2.6754 |
N4···S4 | 3.4402 (17) | H18A···H24 | 2.5567 |
N4···N3 | 2.181 (2) | H18A···C6 | 3.0549 |
N1···H7Bv | 2.9488 | H18A···C5 | 3.0906 |
C3···C35vii | 3.461 (4) | H18B···H20 | 2.3632 |
C7···C7v | 3.536 (2) | H18B···C10iii | 3.0094 |
C13···S3iii | 3.517 (3) | H20···H18B | 2.3632 |
C23···C28ii | 3.506 (4) | H23···C44 | 2.9537 |
C23···C27ii | 3.566 (4) | H23···C45 | 3.0899 |
C25···C43vi | 3.590 (3) | H23···H44 | 2.4703 |
C26···C44vi | 3.524 (4) | H24···H18A | 2.5567 |
C26···C32 | 3.562 (4) | H26···C31 | 2.9774 |
C27···C23ii | 3.566 (4) | H26···H31B | 2.5979 |
C28···C23ii | 3.506 (4) | H26···S1xii | 2.9613 |
C29···S3ii | 3.661 (2) | H27···C20xii | 2.9379 |
C31···S3 | 3.673 (2) | H29···C41 | 2.9887 |
C32···C47ii | 3.532 (3) | H29···H12xiii | 2.5098 |
C32···C26 | 3.562 (4) | H29···H41B | 2.5852 |
C35···C3viii | 3.461 (4) | H29···S3ii | 2.9917 |
C41···S4 | 3.693 (2) | H31A···C40 | 2.6881 |
C43···C25vi | 3.590 (3) | H31B···C26 | 2.9830 |
C44···C26vi | 3.524 (4) | H31B···C34 | 3.0643 |
C46···S1ix | 3.631 (3) | H31B···H26 | 2.5979 |
C47···C32ii | 3.532 (3) | H32A···S3 | 3.1603 |
C2···H7B | 2.9828 | H32A···H38 | 2.3989 |
C5···H18A | 3.0906 | H32A···C47ii | 3.0241 |
C5···H17A | 2.9813 | H32A···C48ii | 3.0994 |
C6···H18A | 3.0549 | H32B···C25 | 2.9630 |
C7···H7Bv | 2.8897 | H32B···C26 | 3.0090 |
C7···H2 | 2.9949 | H32B···H34 | 2.4814 |
C7···H10 | 3.0489 | H34···H32B | 2.4814 |
C10···H7B | 2.8091 | H34···S1xii | 3.1848 |
C10···H18Biii | 3.0094 | H35···C13xii | 2.8517 |
C13···H35iv | 2.8517 | H35···C14xii | 2.8060 |
C14···H35iv | 2.8060 | H38···H32A | 2.3989 |
C16···H7A | 2.6422 | H41A···C40 | 2.6773 |
C16···H17B | 2.6754 | H41A···C44 | 2.9887 |
C17···H5 | 2.9902 | H41B···C29 | 2.9634 |
C20···H27iv | 2.9379 | H41B···H29 | 2.5852 |
C24···H17A | 2.9358 | H41B···S3ii | 3.0543 |
C25···H32B | 2.9630 | H42A···S4 | 3.0968 |
C26···H31B | 2.9830 | H42A···H44 | 2.4724 |
C26···H32B | 3.0090 | H42A···C30vi | 2.9404 |
C29···H41B | 2.9634 | H42B···C30 | 3.0582 |
C30···H42Avi | 2.9404 | H42B···H48 | 2.4169 |
C30···H42B | 3.0582 | H42B···S4vi | 3.0599 |
C31···H26 | 2.9774 | H44···H23 | 2.4703 |
C34···H31B | 3.0643 | H44···H42A | 2.4724 |
C38···H4 | 3.0429 | H46···H2xiv | 2.5092 |
C40···H41A | 2.6773 | H48···H42B | 2.4169 |
C1—N1—C7 | 125.69 (16) | C23—C22—H22 | 119.94 |
C1—N1—C15 | 108.83 (16) | C21—C22—H22 | 120.03 |
C7—N1—C15 | 125.41 (16) | C22—C23—H23 | 120.06 |
C6—N2—C15 | 108.66 (15) | C24—C23—H23 | 120.03 |
C6—N2—C17 | 125.34 (16) | C23—C24—H24 | 119.34 |
C15—N2—C17 | 126.00 (15) | C19—C24—H24 | 119.43 |
C25—N3—C39 | 108.82 (16) | N3—C25—C26 | 131.38 (19) |
C31—N3—C39 | 125.74 (16) | N3—C25—C30 | 106.87 (16) |
C25—N3—C31 | 125.03 (16) | C26—C25—C30 | 121.8 (2) |
C30—N4—C39 | 108.72 (14) | C25—C26—C27 | 116.0 (2) |
C39—N4—C41 | 125.61 (15) | C26—C27—C28 | 122.7 (2) |
C30—N4—C41 | 125.65 (16) | C27—C28—C29 | 121.2 (2) |
N1—C1—C6 | 106.59 (15) | C28—C29—C30 | 116.4 (2) |
N1—C1—C2 | 131.57 (19) | N4—C30—C25 | 106.70 (17) |
C2—C1—C6 | 121.83 (19) | N4—C30—C29 | 131.36 (18) |
C1—C2—C3 | 116.2 (2) | C25—C30—C29 | 121.95 (18) |
C2—C3—C4 | 121.9 (2) | N3—C31—C32 | 110.31 (16) |
C3—C4—C5 | 122.5 (2) | C31—C32—C33 | 111.97 (17) |
C4—C5—C6 | 115.9 (2) | C32—C33—C34 | 121.2 (2) |
N2—C6—C1 | 106.70 (16) | C32—C33—C38 | 121.7 (2) |
N2—C6—C5 | 131.52 (18) | C34—C33—C38 | 117.1 (2) |
C1—C6—C5 | 121.77 (18) | C33—C34—C35 | 121.3 (3) |
N1—C7—C8 | 113.47 (15) | C34—C35—C36 | 120.3 (3) |
C7—C8—C9 | 108.67 (15) | C35—C36—C37 | 120.5 (4) |
C8—C9—C14 | 120.2 (2) | C36—C37—C38 | 119.2 (3) |
C8—C9—C10 | 121.0 (2) | C33—C38—C37 | 121.5 (3) |
C10—C9—C14 | 118.7 (2) | N3—C39—N4 | 108.89 (16) |
C9—C10—C11 | 120.3 (3) | N3—C39—C40 | 125.71 (17) |
C10—C11—C12 | 119.4 (3) | N4—C39—C40 | 125.40 (16) |
C11—C12—C13 | 120.6 (3) | S3—C40—S4 | 130.24 (13) |
C12—C13—C14 | 120.1 (3) | S3—C40—C39 | 114.62 (13) |
C9—C14—C13 | 121.0 (3) | S4—C40—C39 | 115.13 (13) |
N1—C15—N2 | 109.22 (15) | N4—C41—C42 | 111.95 (14) |
N1—C15—C16 | 124.94 (18) | C41—C42—C43 | 111.02 (15) |
N2—C15—C16 | 125.84 (16) | C42—C43—C44 | 120.3 (2) |
S2—C16—C15 | 114.46 (13) | C42—C43—C48 | 121.8 (2) |
S1—C16—S2 | 130.74 (12) | C44—C43—C48 | 117.9 (2) |
S1—C16—C15 | 114.80 (13) | C43—C44—C45 | 121.3 (3) |
N2—C17—C18 | 112.14 (16) | C44—C45—C46 | 119.9 (3) |
C17—C18—C19 | 110.72 (16) | C45—C46—C47 | 120.0 (3) |
C20—C19—C24 | 117.2 (2) | C46—C47—C48 | 120.0 (3) |
C18—C19—C24 | 121.44 (19) | C43—C48—C47 | 120.8 (2) |
C18—C19—C20 | 121.4 (2) | C25—C26—H26 | 121.98 |
C19—C20—C21 | 121.2 (3) | C27—C26—H26 | 122.06 |
C20—C21—C22 | 120.4 (3) | C26—C27—H27 | 118.65 |
C21—C22—C23 | 120.0 (3) | C28—C27—H27 | 118.68 |
C22—C23—C24 | 119.9 (3) | C27—C28—H28 | 119.33 |
C19—C24—C23 | 121.2 (2) | C29—C28—H28 | 119.45 |
C3—C2—H2 | 121.96 | C28—C29—H29 | 121.69 |
C1—C2—H2 | 121.85 | C30—C29—H29 | 121.87 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.01 | N3—C31—H31A | 109.53 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.14 | N3—C31—H31B | 109.63 |
C3—C4—H4 | 118.83 | C32—C31—H31A | 109.62 |
C5—C4—H4 | 118.71 | C32—C31—H31B | 109.56 |
C6—C5—H5 | 122.13 | H31A—C31—H31B | 108.16 |
C4—C5—H5 | 121.98 | C31—C32—H32A | 109.14 |
N1—C7—H7B | 108.83 | C31—C32—H32B | 109.21 |
N1—C7—H7A | 108.93 | C33—C32—H32A | 109.26 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 107.70 | C33—C32—H32B | 109.20 |
C8—C7—H7A | 108.85 | H32A—C32—H32B | 107.97 |
C8—C7—H7B | 108.91 | C33—C34—H34 | 119.39 |
C9—C8—H8B | 109.99 | C35—C34—H34 | 119.28 |
C7—C8—H8A | 109.91 | C34—C35—H35 | 119.82 |
C7—C8—H8B | 109.95 | C36—C35—H35 | 119.84 |
C9—C8—H8A | 109.92 | C35—C36—H36 | 119.70 |
H8A—C8—H8B | 108.40 | C37—C36—H36 | 119.80 |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.85 | C36—C37—H37 | 120.35 |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.86 | C38—C37—H37 | 120.44 |
C12—C11—H11 | 120.27 | C33—C38—H38 | 119.22 |
C10—C11—H11 | 120.38 | C37—C38—H38 | 119.31 |
C11—C12—H12 | 119.80 | N4—C41—H41A | 109.22 |
C13—C12—H12 | 119.64 | N4—C41—H41B | 109.22 |
C14—C13—H13 | 119.90 | C42—C41—H41A | 109.26 |
C12—C13—H13 | 119.97 | C42—C41—H41B | 109.23 |
C9—C14—H14 | 119.45 | H41A—C41—H41B | 107.88 |
C13—C14—H14 | 119.58 | C41—C42—H42A | 109.42 |
H17A—C17—H17B | 107.93 | C41—C42—H42B | 109.40 |
N2—C17—H17A | 109.18 | C43—C42—H42A | 109.43 |
N2—C17—H17B | 109.17 | C43—C42—H42B | 109.45 |
C18—C17—H17A | 109.14 | H42A—C42—H42B | 108.06 |
C18—C17—H17B | 109.19 | C43—C44—H44 | 119.37 |
C17—C18—H18B | 109.51 | C45—C44—H44 | 119.32 |
C19—C18—H18A | 109.54 | C44—C45—H45 | 120.03 |
C17—C18—H18A | 109.52 | C46—C45—H45 | 120.10 |
H18A—C18—H18B | 107.99 | C45—C46—H46 | 120.04 |
C19—C18—H18B | 109.51 | C47—C46—H46 | 119.93 |
C19—C20—H20 | 119.34 | C46—C47—H47 | 119.96 |
C21—C20—H20 | 119.47 | C48—C47—H47 | 119.99 |
C20—C21—H21 | 119.83 | C43—C48—H48 | 119.64 |
C22—C21—H21 | 119.80 | C47—C48—H48 | 119.56 |
C7—N1—C1—C2 | 2.2 (3) | C8—C9—C10—C11 | 176.6 (2) |
C15—N1—C1—C2 | 179.1 (2) | C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.1 (4) |
C7—N1—C1—C6 | −176.77 (16) | C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.2 (5) |
C15—N1—C1—C6 | 0.13 (19) | C11—C12—C13—C14 | −0.2 (5) |
C7—N1—C15—C16 | −2.9 (3) | C12—C13—C14—C9 | 0.1 (5) |
C15—N1—C7—C8 | 103.9 (2) | N1—C15—C16—S1 | −84.5 (2) |
C1—N1—C15—C16 | −179.81 (16) | N2—C15—C16—S2 | −85.2 (2) |
C1—N1—C15—N2 | 0.1 (2) | N1—C15—C16—S2 | 94.7 (2) |
C7—N1—C15—N2 | 177.00 (15) | N2—C15—C16—S1 | 95.6 (2) |
C1—N1—C7—C8 | −79.7 (2) | N2—C17—C18—C19 | 176.21 (17) |
C6—N2—C15—C16 | 179.63 (16) | C17—C18—C19—C24 | 74.9 (3) |
C17—N2—C15—C16 | −0.9 (3) | C17—C18—C19—C20 | −105.1 (2) |
C17—N2—C6—C1 | −179.18 (16) | C18—C19—C24—C23 | −178.8 (2) |
C17—N2—C15—N1 | 179.25 (15) | C24—C19—C20—C21 | −2.1 (4) |
C15—N2—C17—C18 | −102.3 (2) | C18—C19—C20—C21 | 177.9 (2) |
C15—N2—C6—C1 | 0.4 (2) | C20—C19—C24—C23 | 1.2 (4) |
C17—N2—C6—C5 | 2.0 (3) | C19—C20—C21—C22 | 0.6 (5) |
C6—N2—C17—C18 | 77.1 (2) | C20—C21—C22—C23 | 1.9 (5) |
C15—N2—C6—C5 | −178.48 (19) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | −2.8 (5) |
C6—N2—C15—N1 | −0.3 (2) | C22—C23—C24—C19 | 1.2 (4) |
C25—N3—C39—C40 | 179.84 (16) | C30—C25—C26—C27 | 0.4 (3) |
C25—N3—C39—N4 | −0.2 (2) | N3—C25—C30—N4 | −0.78 (19) |
C39—N3—C25—C26 | 180.0 (2) | C26—C25—C30—C29 | −0.5 (3) |
C39—N3—C25—C30 | 0.6 (2) | N3—C25—C26—C27 | −178.9 (2) |
C31—N3—C39—N4 | −173.11 (15) | C26—C25—C30—N4 | 179.81 (19) |
C31—N3—C39—C40 | 6.9 (3) | N3—C25—C30—C29 | 178.89 (16) |
C31—N3—C25—C26 | −7.1 (3) | C25—C26—C27—C28 | 0.4 (4) |
C25—N3—C31—C32 | −73.8 (2) | C26—C27—C28—C29 | −0.9 (4) |
C31—N3—C25—C30 | 173.59 (16) | C27—C28—C29—C30 | 0.7 (3) |
C39—N3—C31—C32 | 98.0 (2) | C28—C29—C30—C25 | −0.1 (3) |
C41—N4—C39—C40 | 1.0 (3) | C28—C29—C30—N4 | 179.5 (2) |
C39—N4—C30—C29 | −178.95 (19) | N3—C31—C32—C33 | −176.26 (17) |
C30—N4—C39—N3 | −0.3 (2) | C31—C32—C33—C38 | 97.2 (2) |
C41—N4—C30—C25 | 179.30 (16) | C31—C32—C33—C34 | −83.2 (3) |
C39—N4—C41—C42 | 98.0 (2) | C34—C33—C38—C37 | 0.4 (4) |
C39—N4—C30—C25 | 0.7 (2) | C32—C33—C34—C35 | −179.7 (2) |
C30—N4—C39—C40 | 179.66 (16) | C38—C33—C34—C35 | −0.1 (4) |
C41—N4—C30—C29 | −0.3 (3) | C32—C33—C38—C37 | 180.0 (3) |
C41—N4—C39—N3 | −178.92 (15) | C33—C34—C35—C36 | −0.6 (5) |
C30—N4—C41—C42 | −80.4 (2) | C34—C35—C36—C37 | 1.0 (5) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | 178.68 (16) | C35—C36—C37—C38 | −0.7 (5) |
C2—C1—C6—N2 | −179.35 (19) | C36—C37—C38—C33 | 0.0 (5) |
N1—C1—C6—N2 | −0.28 (19) | N3—C39—C40—S4 | 96.6 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.4 (3) | N3—C39—C40—S3 | −84.4 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −0.3 (3) | N4—C39—C40—S3 | 95.7 (2) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | −179.1 (2) | N4—C39—C40—S4 | −83.4 (2) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.6 (4) | N4—C41—C42—C43 | 179.56 (17) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.2 (4) | C41—C42—C43—C44 | 82.0 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.5 (3) | C41—C42—C43—C48 | −97.5 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.8 (3) | C48—C43—C44—C45 | 1.3 (3) |
C4—C5—C6—N2 | 179.4 (2) | C44—C43—C48—C47 | −0.2 (3) |
N1—C7—C8—C9 | −178.84 (16) | C42—C43—C44—C45 | −178.1 (2) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | −70.9 (3) | C42—C43—C48—C47 | 179.24 (19) |
C7—C8—C9—C14 | 105.8 (2) | C43—C44—C45—C46 | −1.1 (4) |
C8—C9—C14—C13 | −176.7 (2) | C44—C45—C46—C47 | −0.2 (4) |
C10—C9—C14—C13 | 0.1 (4) | C45—C46—C47—C48 | 1.3 (4) |
C14—C9—C10—C11 | −0.2 (4) | C46—C47—C48—C43 | −1.1 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (iii) −x, −y+1, −z+1; (iv) x−1/2, −y+3/2, z−1/2; (v) −x, −y+2, −z+1; (vi) −x+1, −y+2, −z+1; (vii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+3/2; (viii) −x+1/2, y−1/2, −z+3/2; (ix) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (x) x−1/2, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (xi) x−1, y, z; (xii) x+1/2, −y+3/2, z+1/2; (xiii) x+1, y, z; (xiv) x+1/2, −y+3/2, z−1/2. |
Subscribe to Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications
The full text of this article is available to subscribers to the journal.
- Information on subscribing
- Sample issue
- If you have already subscribed, you may need to register