Iso­butyl 3,5-di­nitro­benzoate

In the structure of the title compound, C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₆, the mol­ecules are stacked along the b axis without any π–π inter­actions. The stacked columns are linked together by non-classical inter­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions,. In the molecule, the nitro groups make dihedral angles of 9.4 (5) and 10.3 (5)° with the benzene ring.

Related literature

For the properties and applications of dinitro­benzoate derivatives, see: Huang et al. (2004); Kagitani et al. (1984); Olive (1979). For the anti-creatinine effects of a series of 3,5-dinitro­benzoic acid esters, see: Yu & Yang (2002). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987).

Experimental

Crystal data

• C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₆

• M_r = 268.23

• Monoclinic, P 2₁ /n

• a = 16.666 (3) Å

• b = 4.776 (1) Å

• c = 16.678 (3) Å

• β = 110.30 (3)°

• V = 1245.1 (5) ų

• Z = 4

• Mo Kα radiation

• μ = 0.12 mm⁻¹

• T = 293 K

• 0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10 mm

Data collection

• Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer

• Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968) T_min = 0.965, T_max = 0.988

• 2348 measured reflections

• 2266 independent reflections

• 1402 reflections with I > 2σ(I)

• R_int = 0.061

• 3 standard reflections every 200 reflections intensity decay: 1%

Refinement

• R[F² > 2σ(F²)] = 0.069

• wR(F²) = 0.225

• S = 1.11

• 2266 reflections

• 172 parameters

• H-atom parameters constrained

• Δρ_max = 0.25 e Å⁻³

• Δρ_min = −0.30 e Å⁻³

Table 1
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A	D—H	H⋯A	D⋯A	D—H⋯A
C7—H7A⋯O2^i	0.93	2.52	3.441 (5)	168
Symmetry code: (i) -x, -y-1, -z+1.

Data collection: CAD-4 Software (Enraf–Nonius, 1989); cell refinement: CAD-4 Software; data reduction: XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo,1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.

Supporting information

S1. Comment

Due to their biological activities, dinitrobenzoate derivatives are widely used in pharmacology. Dinitrobenzoic acid derivatives are effective in tumour treatment as radiation sensitizers (Kagitani et al., 1984). Moreover, some synthetic dinitrobenzoate compounds have shown useful properties in DNA and oligosaccharide synthesis (Olive, 1979; Huang et al., 2004). Furthermore, a series of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid esters has also been synthesized and their anti-creatinine effects have been studied (Yu & Yang, 2002). To study their structures and activities, we report here the crystal structure of the title compound, (I).

The bond lengths and angles in (I) (Fig. 1) are within expected ranges (Allen et al., 1987). The two nitro groups are inclined by 9.4 (5) and 169.7 (5)° to the benzene ring, respectively. Except for atoms C1 and C2, the other non-H atoms of the molecule lie in a plane. In the crystal structure, the molecules are stacked along the b axis, without any π-π interaction. The stacked columns are linked together by non-classical intermolecular interactions of the type C—H···O, details have been given in Table 1.

Related literature

For the properties and applications of dinitrobenzoate derivatives, see: Huang et al. (2004); Kagitani et al. (1984); Olive (1979). For the anti-creatinine effects of a series of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid esters, see: Yu & Yang (2002). For bond-length dat, see: Allen et al. (1987).

S2. Experimental

3,5-Dinitrobenzoylchloride (5200 mg, 23 mmol) was added in iso-butanol (25 ml, 271 mmol) and the mixture was refluxed for 4 h. White product appeared after cooling to room temperature. They were separated and washed with cold water. Single crystals of the title compound were grown by slow evaporation of a methanol solution: colourless needle-shaped crystals were formed after several days.

S3. Refinement

Positional parameters of all the H atoms bonded to C atoms were calculated geometrically and were allowed to ride on the C atoms to which they are bonded, with C—H distances of 0.93 Å(aromatic), 0.98 Å(CH), 0.97 Å(CH₂) and 0.96 Å(CH₃); U_iso(H) = 1.2U_eq(C) for the aromatic H, CH and CH₂; U_iso(H) = 1.5U_eq(C) for CH₃.

Computing details

Data collection: CAD-4 Software (Enraf–Nonius, 1989); cell refinement: CAD-4 Software (Enraf–Nonius, 1989); data reduction: XCAD4 (Harms & Wocadlo,1995); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008).

Figures

Fig. 1. A view of the title compound with the atomic numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids were drawn at the 30% probability level.

Isobutyl 3,5-dinitrobenzoate

Crystal data

C11H12N2O6	F(000) = 560
Mr = 268.23	Dx = 1.431 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21/n	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2yn	Cell parameters from 25 reflections
a = 16.666 (3) Å	θ = 9–12°
b = 4.776 (1) Å	µ = 0.12 mm^−1
c = 16.678 (3) Å	T = 293 K
β = 110.30 (3)°	Needle, colourless
V = 1245.1 (5) Å^3	0.30 × 0.20 × 0.10 mm
Z = 4

Data collection

Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer	1402 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube	Rint = 0.061
Graphite monochromator	θmax = 25.3°, θmin = 1.5°
ω/2θ scans	h = 0→20
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968)	k = 0→5
Tmin = 0.965, Tmax = 0.988	l = −20→18
2348 measured reflections	3 standard reflections every 200 reflections
2266 independent reflections	intensity decay: 1%

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.069	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F^2) = 0.225	H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.11	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.1P)^2 + P] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
2266 reflections	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
172 parameters	Δρmax = 0.25 e Å^−3
0 restraints	Δρmin = −0.30 e Å^−3

Special details

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F² against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F², conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F². The threshold expression of F² > σ(F²) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F² are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	−0.17180 (16)	−0.2811 (6)	0.58690 (17)	0.0567 (8)
O2	−0.08913 (17)	−0.4218 (7)	0.51387 (18)	0.0616 (8)
O3	−0.0648 (2)	0.3897 (9)	0.8166 (2)	0.0933 (13)
O4	0.0522 (2)	0.6102 (7)	0.8340 (2)	0.0767 (10)
O5	0.23983 (17)	0.2979 (6)	0.68814 (18)	0.0603 (8)
O6	0.20462 (18)	−0.0604 (6)	0.60527 (19)	0.0637 (9)
N1	−0.0004 (2)	0.4291 (8)	0.8000 (2)	0.0542 (9)
N2	0.18975 (19)	0.1116 (7)	0.6515 (2)	0.0463 (8)
C1	−0.2813 (3)	−0.6160 (11)	0.6546 (3)	0.0745 (14)
H1A	−0.2346	−0.5124	0.6936	0.112*
H1B	−0.2629	−0.8031	0.6491	0.112*
H1C	−0.3278	−0.6224	0.6761	0.112*
C2	−0.3856 (3)	−0.6279 (12)	0.5060 (3)	0.0864 (17)
H2A	−0.4308	−0.6444	0.5289	0.130*
H2B	−0.3680	−0.8112	0.4951	0.130*
H2C	−0.4055	−0.5237	0.4535	0.130*
C3	−0.3102 (3)	−0.4769 (9)	0.5697 (3)	0.0593 (11)
H3A	−0.3289	−0.2870	0.5771	0.071*
C4	−0.2420 (3)	−0.4536 (10)	0.5323 (3)	0.0645 (12)
H4A	−0.2208	−0.6386	0.5264	0.077*
H4B	−0.2651	−0.3702	0.4759	0.077*
C5	−0.1000 (2)	−0.2845 (8)	0.5687 (2)	0.0418 (8)
C6	−0.0337 (2)	−0.0901 (7)	0.6262 (2)	0.0363 (8)
C7	0.0447 (2)	−0.0816 (7)	0.6143 (2)	0.0388 (8)
H7A	0.0553	−0.1948	0.5736	0.047*
C8	0.1063 (2)	0.0988 (7)	0.6641 (2)	0.0381 (8)
C9	0.0934 (2)	0.2683 (7)	0.7252 (2)	0.0406 (8)
H9A	0.1356	0.3901	0.7578	0.049*
C10	0.0157 (2)	0.2503 (7)	0.7359 (2)	0.0407 (8)
C11	−0.0482 (2)	0.0730 (8)	0.6876 (2)	0.0430 (9)
H11A	−0.1002	0.0641	0.6965	0.052*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0495 (15)	0.0679 (19)	0.0601 (17)	−0.0169 (14)	0.0283 (13)	−0.0232 (14)
O2	0.0559 (17)	0.070 (2)	0.0611 (17)	−0.0124 (15)	0.0226 (14)	−0.0231 (16)
O3	0.072 (2)	0.123 (3)	0.096 (3)	0.002 (2)	0.043 (2)	−0.047 (2)
O4	0.093 (2)	0.066 (2)	0.070 (2)	−0.0068 (19)	0.0260 (18)	−0.0222 (18)
O5	0.0550 (16)	0.0615 (19)	0.0638 (18)	−0.0203 (15)	0.0200 (14)	−0.0124 (15)
O6	0.0572 (17)	0.067 (2)	0.075 (2)	−0.0002 (15)	0.0328 (15)	−0.0174 (17)
N1	0.056 (2)	0.053 (2)	0.0485 (19)	0.0094 (18)	0.0128 (16)	−0.0119 (17)
N2	0.0420 (17)	0.048 (2)	0.0478 (18)	0.0002 (15)	0.0143 (14)	0.0031 (16)
C1	0.073 (3)	0.085 (4)	0.069 (3)	−0.020 (3)	0.029 (2)	−0.008 (3)
C2	0.051 (3)	0.100 (4)	0.090 (4)	−0.023 (3)	0.001 (2)	0.023 (3)
C3	0.052 (2)	0.054 (3)	0.073 (3)	−0.004 (2)	0.022 (2)	0.006 (2)
C4	0.056 (2)	0.081 (3)	0.057 (2)	−0.024 (2)	0.020 (2)	−0.020 (2)
C5	0.048 (2)	0.040 (2)	0.0394 (19)	−0.0065 (17)	0.0181 (16)	0.0011 (17)
C6	0.0414 (18)	0.0324 (18)	0.0320 (17)	−0.0024 (15)	0.0088 (14)	−0.0001 (15)
C7	0.0446 (19)	0.0347 (18)	0.0377 (18)	0.0001 (16)	0.0151 (15)	0.0015 (15)
C8	0.0384 (18)	0.0371 (19)	0.0378 (18)	0.0030 (15)	0.0118 (15)	0.0040 (15)
C9	0.047 (2)	0.0325 (19)	0.0378 (18)	−0.0016 (16)	0.0091 (15)	−0.0001 (15)
C10	0.0456 (19)	0.038 (2)	0.0352 (18)	0.0048 (16)	0.0095 (15)	−0.0036 (15)
C11	0.0422 (19)	0.048 (2)	0.0387 (18)	0.0011 (17)	0.0134 (16)	0.0060 (17)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C5	1.332 (4)	C2—H2C	0.9600
O1—C4	1.462 (5)	C3—C4	1.479 (5)
O2—C5	1.190 (4)	C3—H3A	0.9800
O3—N1	1.213 (4)	C4—H4A	0.9700
O4—N1	1.222 (4)	C4—H4B	0.9700
O5—N2	1.228 (4)	C5—C6	1.505 (5)
O6—N2	1.210 (4)	C6—C11	1.373 (5)
N1—C10	1.463 (5)	C6—C7	1.390 (5)
N2—C8	1.478 (4)	C7—C8	1.377 (5)
C1—C3	1.485 (6)	C7—H7A	0.9300
C1—H1A	0.9600	C8—C9	1.375 (5)
C1—H1B	0.9600	C9—C10	1.369 (5)
C1—H1C	0.9600	C9—H9A	0.9300
C2—C3	1.517 (6)	C10—C11	1.381 (5)
C2—H2A	0.9600	C11—H11A	0.9300
C2—H2B	0.9600
C5—O1—C4	116.0 (3)	O1—C4—H4A	109.6
O3—N1—O4	123.5 (4)	C3—C4—H4A	109.6
O3—N1—C10	118.5 (4)	O1—C4—H4B	109.6
O4—N1—C10	117.9 (3)	C3—C4—H4B	109.6
O6—N2—O5	123.7 (3)	H4A—C4—H4B	108.1
O6—N2—C8	118.3 (3)	O2—C5—O1	124.8 (3)
O5—N2—C8	118.0 (3)	O2—C5—C6	123.7 (3)
C3—C1—H1A	109.5	O1—C5—C6	111.5 (3)
C3—C1—H1B	109.5	C11—C6—C7	120.5 (3)
H1A—C1—H1B	109.5	C11—C6—C5	123.0 (3)
C3—C1—H1C	109.5	C7—C6—C5	116.5 (3)
H1A—C1—H1C	109.5	C8—C7—C6	118.2 (3)
H1B—C1—H1C	109.5	C8—C7—H7A	120.9
C3—C2—H2A	109.5	C6—C7—H7A	120.9
C3—C2—H2B	109.5	C7—C8—C9	122.7 (3)
H2A—C2—H2B	109.5	C7—C8—N2	118.8 (3)
C3—C2—H2C	109.5	C9—C8—N2	118.6 (3)
H2A—C2—H2C	109.5	C10—C9—C8	117.3 (3)
H2B—C2—H2C	109.5	C10—C9—H9A	121.4
C4—C3—C1	113.2 (4)	C8—C9—H9A	121.4
C4—C3—C2	108.1 (4)	C9—C10—C11	122.3 (3)
C1—C3—C2	111.8 (4)	C9—C10—N1	118.7 (3)
C4—C3—H3A	107.9	C11—C10—N1	119.0 (3)
C1—C3—H3A	107.9	C6—C11—C10	118.9 (3)
C2—C3—H3A	107.9	C6—C11—H11A	120.5
O1—C4—C3	110.2 (3)	C10—C11—H11A	120.5
C5—O1—C4—C3	168.4 (4)	O6—N2—C8—C9	171.3 (3)
C1—C3—C4—O1	−62.2 (5)	O5—N2—C8—C9	−9.2 (5)
C2—C3—C4—O1	173.4 (4)	C7—C8—C9—C10	0.6 (5)
C4—O1—C5—O2	−2.2 (6)	N2—C8—C9—C10	−179.5 (3)
C4—O1—C5—C6	177.4 (3)	C8—C9—C10—C11	−0.6 (5)
O2—C5—C6—C11	178.1 (4)	C8—C9—C10—N1	−179.6 (3)
O1—C5—C6—C11	−1.5 (5)	O3—N1—C10—C9	−171.3 (4)
O2—C5—C6—C7	−1.8 (5)	O4—N1—C10—C9	8.5 (5)
O1—C5—C6—C7	178.6 (3)	O3—N1—C10—C11	9.7 (5)
C11—C6—C7—C8	−1.5 (5)	O4—N1—C10—C11	−170.5 (3)
C5—C6—C7—C8	178.4 (3)	C7—C6—C11—C10	1.5 (5)
C6—C7—C8—C9	0.4 (5)	C5—C6—C11—C10	−178.4 (3)
C6—C7—C8—N2	−179.5 (3)	C9—C10—C11—C6	−0.4 (5)
O6—N2—C8—C7	−8.8 (5)	N1—C10—C11—C6	178.5 (3)
O5—N2—C8—C7	170.7 (3)

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º)

D—H···A	D—H	H···A	D···A	D—H···A
C7—H7A···O2^i	0.93	2.52	3.441 (5)	168

Symmetry code: (i) −x, −y−1, −z+1.