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The title compound, C16H15N3O6, exhibits weak inter­molecular C—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds, which stabilize the structure. π–π stacking inter­actions are also found, the centroid-to-centroid distance within the stacks being 3.4401 Å. The title compound represents a new derivative of 1, 8-naphthalimides.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053680704295X/pv2026sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S160053680704295X/pv2026Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 636032

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 193 K
  • Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.005 Å
  • R factor = 0.038
  • wR factor = 0.086
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 5.8

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level B PLAT089_ALERT_3_B Poor Data / Parameter Ratio (Zmax .LT. 18) ..... 5.76
Alert level C PLAT066_ALERT_1_C Predicted and Reported Transmissions Identical . ? PLAT340_ALERT_3_C Low Bond Precision on C-C Bonds (x 1000) Ang ... 5 PLAT411_ALERT_2_C Short Inter H...H Contact H13B .. H14A .. 2.12 Ang. PLAT480_ALERT_4_C Long H...A H-Bond Reported H3 .. N2 .. 2.64 Ang.
Alert level G REFLT03_ALERT_4_G Please check that the estimate of the number of Friedel pairs is correct. If it is not, please give the correct count in the _publ_section_exptl_refinement section of the submitted CIF. From the CIF: _diffrn_reflns_theta_max 25.35 From the CIF: _reflns_number_total 1318 Count of symmetry unique reflns 1333 Completeness (_total/calc) 98.87% TEST3: Check Friedels for noncentro structure Estimate of Friedel pairs measured 0 Fraction of Friedel pairs measured 0.000 Are heavy atom types Z>Si present no PLAT860_ALERT_3_G Note: Number of Least-Squares Restraints ....... 3
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 1 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 4 ALERT level C = Check and explain 2 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 1 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 1 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 3 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 2 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 0 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

Comment top

The structure of 1,8-naphthalic anhydride is used as a source of fine chemicals. The use of its N-substituted derivatives as important dyes (Konstantinova et al., 2000), fluorescent tapes (Mitchell et al., 1998) and photochemical DNA cleaving reagents (Xu et al., 2004), prompted us to the synthesis of the title copound which is being reported in this article..

The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. Its overall geometry is comparable to that found for 2-(3',3'-dimethylallyl)-1H-benz[de]iso-quindine-1,3(2H)-dione (Tao & Qian), apart from the hydroxyethyl, the hydroxyethylamino and nitro groups substituting in 1,8-naphthalimide moiety.2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-5-nitro- 1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione All the atoms in 1,8-naphthalimide moiety are almost coplanar.

In the crystal packing (Fig. 2), there are weak intermolecular C—H···O and O—H···O hydrogen bonds, which stabilize the structure. The π-π stacking interactions are also found while the intermolecular distance within the stacks is 3.440 Å. These contacts also partially take part in the stabilization of the structure.

Related literature top

For related literature, see: Konstantinova et al. (2000); Mitchell et al. (1998); Xu et al. (2004); Tao & Qian (1999).

Experimental top

The mixture of 3-nitro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride (0.32 g, 1 mmol) and hydroxyethyl amine (0.122 g, 2.0 mmol) was refluxed in ethanol (30 ml) for about 6 h, and cooled to afford the yellow powder of the title compound. Upon recrystallization from N,N-dimethylformamide, light-brown crystls were obtained (Yield 50%, m.p. 514–516 K)

Refinement top

H atoms bound to C atoms were positioned geometrically and included in the refinement in the riding-model approximation [d(C—H) = 0.95, 0.98, 0.99 and 1.00 Å for aromatic, methyl, CH2 and CH groups, respectively, and with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq for (mehtyl C) and 1.2Ueq (C) for all others.

Structure description top

The structure of 1,8-naphthalic anhydride is used as a source of fine chemicals. The use of its N-substituted derivatives as important dyes (Konstantinova et al., 2000), fluorescent tapes (Mitchell et al., 1998) and photochemical DNA cleaving reagents (Xu et al., 2004), prompted us to the synthesis of the title copound which is being reported in this article..

The molecular structure of the title compound is shown in Fig. 1. Its overall geometry is comparable to that found for 2-(3',3'-dimethylallyl)-1H-benz[de]iso-quindine-1,3(2H)-dione (Tao & Qian), apart from the hydroxyethyl, the hydroxyethylamino and nitro groups substituting in 1,8-naphthalimide moiety.2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-5-nitro- 1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione All the atoms in 1,8-naphthalimide moiety are almost coplanar.

In the crystal packing (Fig. 2), there are weak intermolecular C—H···O and O—H···O hydrogen bonds, which stabilize the structure. The π-π stacking interactions are also found while the intermolecular distance within the stacks is 3.440 Å. These contacts also partially take part in the stabilization of the structure.

For related literature, see: Konstantinova et al. (2000); Mitchell et al. (1998); Xu et al. (2004); Tao & Qian (1999).

Computing details top

Data collection: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999); cell refinement: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999); data reduction: CrystalStructure (Rigaku/MSC, 2000); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2000); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2000) and PLATON (Spek, 2003).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The structure of the title copmpound showing 50% probability displacement ellipsoids and the atom labelling scheme. H atoms are represented by small spheres of arbitrary radius.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. Packing diagram showing a plane of molecules with H bonds indicated by dashed lines.
2-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-5-nitro- 1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione top
Crystal data top
C16H15N3O6Z = 1
Mr = 345.31F(000) = 180
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.584 Mg m3
Hall symbol: P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71070 Å
a = 4.7125 (12) ÅCell parameters from 1321 reflections
b = 8.032 (2) Åθ = 3.1–25.3°
c = 9.997 (3) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
α = 80.490 (15)°T = 193 K
β = 81.977 (15)°Block, light-brown
γ = 77.324 (14)°0.30 × 0.18 × 0.15 mm
V = 361.98 (17) Å3
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury
diffractometer
1318 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube1107 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.034
Detector resolution: 7.31 pixels mm-1θmax = 25.4°, θmin = 3.1°
ω scansh = 55
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(Jacobson, 1998)
k = 98
Tmin = 0.964, Tmax = 0.982l = 1212
3566 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.038Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.086H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.05 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.048P)2]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
1318 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
229 parametersΔρmax = 0.18 e Å3
3 restraintsΔρmin = 0.18 e Å3
Crystal data top
C16H15N3O6γ = 77.324 (14)°
Mr = 345.31V = 361.98 (17) Å3
Triclinic, P1Z = 1
a = 4.7125 (12) ÅMo Kα radiation
b = 8.032 (2) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
c = 9.997 (3) ÅT = 193 K
α = 80.490 (15)°0.30 × 0.18 × 0.15 mm
β = 81.977 (15)°
Data collection top
Rigaku Mercury
diffractometer
1318 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(Jacobson, 1998)
1107 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.964, Tmax = 0.982Rint = 0.034
3566 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0383 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.086H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.05Δρmax = 0.18 e Å3
1318 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.18 e Å3
229 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
O10.0483 (6)0.6442 (3)0.4925 (3)0.0350 (6)
O20.4438 (5)0.2532 (3)0.4083 (2)0.0310 (6)
O30.1177 (6)0.6283 (3)0.0831 (3)0.0369 (7)
H30.22570.58930.04110.055*
O40.5170 (6)0.5645 (3)0.8901 (3)0.0352 (7)
O50.5728 (5)0.3339 (3)1.0369 (2)0.0302 (6)
O60.4894 (5)0.0077 (3)1.2695 (3)0.0327 (6)
H60.48560.06421.32230.049*
N10.1985 (6)0.4477 (3)0.4497 (3)0.0223 (6)
N20.4703 (6)0.4170 (4)0.9316 (3)0.0254 (7)
N30.2847 (6)0.0970 (4)1.0246 (3)0.0268 (7)
H3A0.42020.13291.05790.032*
C10.0264 (7)0.5052 (4)0.5296 (4)0.0239 (8)
C20.0537 (7)0.3942 (4)0.6543 (3)0.0204 (8)
C30.0248 (7)0.2296 (4)0.6918 (3)0.0199 (8)
C40.1870 (8)0.1753 (4)0.6044 (4)0.0224 (8)
C50.2869 (7)0.2916 (4)0.4813 (3)0.0225 (8)
C60.2177 (7)0.4469 (4)0.7355 (3)0.0203 (7)
H6A0.27460.55500.70940.024*
C70.3036 (7)0.3451 (4)0.8560 (3)0.0212 (8)
C80.2187 (7)0.1832 (4)0.9034 (3)0.0213 (8)
C90.0624 (7)0.1209 (4)0.8121 (3)0.0209 (8)
C100.0009 (8)0.0452 (4)0.8333 (4)0.0256 (8)
H100.06340.12350.91040.031*
C110.1535 (8)0.0975 (4)0.7455 (4)0.0299 (9)
H110.19300.21050.76310.036*
C120.2508 (7)0.0134 (4)0.6310 (4)0.0273 (8)
H120.36000.02260.57210.033*
C130.2808 (8)0.5604 (5)0.3226 (4)0.0271 (8)
H13A0.29580.68230.33380.033*
H13B0.47410.54650.30340.033*
C140.0527 (8)0.5139 (5)0.2042 (4)0.0324 (9)
H14A0.14270.51970.22660.039*
H14B0.04750.39440.18940.039*
C150.1779 (8)0.0454 (4)1.1135 (4)0.0268 (8)
H15A0.29880.15721.09240.032*
H15B0.02740.04271.10020.032*
C160.1987 (8)0.0229 (5)1.2586 (4)0.0298 (8)
H16A0.05890.08191.28290.036*
H16B0.14930.12341.32200.036*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
O10.0485 (16)0.0283 (14)0.0310 (16)0.0174 (12)0.0105 (12)0.0057 (11)
O20.0355 (14)0.0332 (14)0.0283 (15)0.0107 (11)0.0100 (12)0.0053 (11)
O30.0543 (19)0.0443 (17)0.0191 (15)0.0272 (14)0.0125 (13)0.0061 (12)
O40.0468 (17)0.0327 (15)0.0326 (15)0.0215 (13)0.0102 (12)0.0004 (11)
O50.0357 (15)0.0341 (14)0.0240 (15)0.0108 (11)0.0122 (12)0.0001 (11)
O60.0351 (15)0.0335 (14)0.0320 (17)0.0054 (12)0.0121 (12)0.0065 (11)
N10.0257 (15)0.0229 (15)0.0178 (16)0.0048 (12)0.0050 (12)0.0007 (11)
N20.0271 (17)0.0287 (17)0.0234 (18)0.0114 (14)0.0015 (14)0.0051 (13)
N30.0280 (17)0.0281 (15)0.0258 (18)0.0092 (13)0.0064 (13)0.0000 (13)
C10.0228 (19)0.027 (2)0.022 (2)0.0060 (16)0.0024 (15)0.0040 (15)
C20.0190 (18)0.0206 (18)0.021 (2)0.0047 (14)0.0021 (15)0.0034 (14)
C30.0185 (18)0.0219 (18)0.019 (2)0.0046 (15)0.0004 (15)0.0040 (14)
C40.0233 (18)0.0199 (18)0.024 (2)0.0046 (14)0.0022 (15)0.0056 (14)
C50.0243 (19)0.026 (2)0.018 (2)0.0075 (16)0.0031 (16)0.0030 (15)
C60.0188 (17)0.0230 (18)0.019 (2)0.0073 (14)0.0005 (14)0.0011 (13)
C70.0196 (18)0.0215 (19)0.024 (2)0.0065 (15)0.0005 (15)0.0065 (15)
C80.0196 (18)0.0272 (19)0.017 (2)0.0056 (15)0.0015 (15)0.0027 (15)
C90.0186 (17)0.0212 (18)0.022 (2)0.0041 (14)0.0028 (15)0.0036 (14)
C100.031 (2)0.0255 (19)0.020 (2)0.0068 (16)0.0031 (15)0.0001 (14)
C110.037 (2)0.0217 (17)0.034 (2)0.0101 (16)0.0050 (17)0.0049 (15)
C120.028 (2)0.032 (2)0.026 (2)0.0112 (16)0.0066 (16)0.0046 (16)
C130.0290 (19)0.0309 (19)0.021 (2)0.0071 (16)0.0092 (15)0.0046 (14)
C140.030 (2)0.048 (2)0.020 (2)0.0107 (18)0.0049 (16)0.0004 (16)
C150.029 (2)0.0255 (18)0.026 (2)0.0083 (16)0.0032 (16)0.0009 (15)
C160.034 (2)0.0304 (18)0.026 (2)0.0132 (16)0.0049 (16)0.0033 (15)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
O1—C11.227 (4)C4—C51.482 (5)
O2—C51.225 (4)C6—C71.396 (5)
O3—C141.420 (4)C6—H6A0.9500
O3—H30.8400C7—C81.431 (4)
O4—N21.245 (4)C8—C91.458 (5)
O5—N21.248 (4)C9—C101.406 (5)
O6—C161.423 (4)C10—C111.376 (5)
O6—H60.8400C10—H100.9500
N1—C51.381 (4)C11—C121.394 (5)
N1—C11.405 (4)C11—H110.9500
N1—C131.479 (5)C12—H120.9500
N2—C71.425 (4)C13—C141.520 (5)
N3—C81.333 (4)C13—H13A0.9900
N3—C151.464 (4)C13—H13B0.9900
N3—H3A0.8800C14—H14A0.9900
C1—C21.452 (5)C14—H14B0.9900
C2—C61.367 (5)C15—C161.510 (5)
C2—C31.428 (4)C15—H15A0.9900
C3—C41.413 (5)C15—H15B0.9900
C3—C91.419 (5)C16—H16A0.9900
C4—C121.374 (5)C16—H16B0.9900
C14—O3—H3109.5C10—C9—C8123.9 (3)
C16—O6—H6109.5C3—C9—C8119.3 (3)
C5—N1—C1123.9 (3)C11—C10—C9121.9 (3)
C5—N1—C13118.8 (3)C11—C10—H10119.1
C1—N1—C13117.3 (3)C9—C10—H10119.1
O4—N2—O5119.8 (3)C10—C11—C12120.8 (3)
O4—N2—C7119.1 (3)C10—C11—H11119.6
O5—N2—C7121.1 (3)C12—C11—H11119.6
C8—N3—C15133.1 (3)C4—C12—C11119.3 (3)
C8—N3—H3A113.4C4—C12—H12120.4
C15—N3—H3A113.4C11—C12—H12120.4
O1—C1—N1119.7 (3)N1—C13—C14110.0 (3)
O1—C1—C2123.2 (3)N1—C13—H13A109.7
N1—C1—C2117.1 (3)C14—C13—H13A109.7
C6—C2—C3119.2 (3)N1—C13—H13B109.7
C6—C2—C1118.8 (3)C14—C13—H13B109.7
C3—C2—C1122.0 (3)H13A—C13—H13B108.2
C4—C3—C9120.5 (3)O3—C14—C13110.8 (3)
C4—C3—C2118.4 (3)O3—C14—H14A109.5
C9—C3—C2121.2 (3)C13—C14—H14A109.5
C12—C4—C3120.6 (3)O3—C14—H14B109.5
C12—C4—C5119.0 (3)C13—C14—H14B109.5
C3—C4—C5120.3 (3)H14A—C14—H14B108.1
O2—C5—N1119.8 (3)N3—C15—C16107.1 (3)
O2—C5—C4122.1 (3)N3—C15—H15A110.3
N1—C5—C4118.1 (3)C16—C15—H15A110.3
C2—C6—C7121.4 (3)N3—C15—H15B110.3
C2—C6—H6A119.3C16—C15—H15B110.3
C7—C6—H6A119.3H15A—C15—H15B108.5
C6—C7—N2115.4 (3)O6—C16—C15108.5 (3)
C6—C7—C8122.2 (3)O6—C16—H16A110.0
N2—C7—C8122.3 (3)C15—C16—H16A110.0
N3—C8—C7120.2 (3)O6—C16—H16B110.0
N3—C8—C9123.4 (3)C15—C16—H16B110.0
C7—C8—C9116.4 (3)H16A—C16—H16B108.4
C10—C9—C3116.8 (3)
C5—N1—C1—O1178.4 (3)O5—N2—C7—C6176.0 (3)
C13—N1—C1—O10.2 (5)O4—N2—C7—C8174.3 (3)
C5—N1—C1—C21.8 (4)O5—N2—C7—C86.7 (4)
C13—N1—C1—C2179.9 (3)C15—N3—C8—C7163.9 (3)
O1—C1—C2—C60.6 (5)C15—N3—C8—C916.7 (6)
N1—C1—C2—C6179.2 (3)C6—C7—C8—N3174.4 (3)
O1—C1—C2—C3177.1 (3)N2—C7—C8—N32.7 (5)
N1—C1—C2—C33.1 (4)C6—C7—C8—C96.2 (4)
C6—C2—C3—C4178.1 (3)N2—C7—C8—C9176.7 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C40.4 (4)C4—C3—C9—C104.7 (4)
C6—C2—C3—C90.5 (4)C2—C3—C9—C10174.0 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C9178.2 (3)C4—C3—C9—C8177.4 (3)
C9—C3—C4—C123.1 (5)C2—C3—C9—C84.0 (4)
C2—C3—C4—C12175.5 (3)N3—C8—C9—C108.7 (5)
C9—C3—C4—C5177.8 (3)C7—C8—C9—C10170.7 (3)
C2—C3—C4—C53.5 (4)N3—C8—C9—C3173.5 (3)
C1—N1—C5—O2178.0 (3)C7—C8—C9—C37.1 (4)
C13—N1—C5—O23.9 (5)C3—C9—C10—C113.2 (5)
C1—N1—C5—C42.0 (5)C8—C9—C10—C11178.9 (3)
C13—N1—C5—C4176.2 (3)C9—C10—C11—C120.2 (5)
C12—C4—C5—O25.8 (5)C3—C4—C12—C110.0 (5)
C3—C4—C5—O2175.2 (3)C5—C4—C12—C11179.0 (3)
C12—C4—C5—N1174.3 (3)C10—C11—C12—C41.5 (5)
C3—C4—C5—N14.8 (5)C5—N1—C13—C1487.6 (4)
C3—C2—C6—C71.7 (4)C1—N1—C13—C1490.7 (4)
C1—C2—C6—C7179.4 (3)N1—C13—C14—O3176.1 (3)
C2—C6—C7—N2179.1 (3)C8—N3—C15—C16149.0 (4)
C2—C6—C7—C81.8 (5)N3—C15—C16—O653.4 (4)
O4—N2—C7—C63.0 (4)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O3—H3···O4i0.842.122.931 (3)161
O3—H3···O5i0.842.453.161 (3)143
O3—H3···N2i0.842.643.472 (4)171
O6—H6···O2ii0.841.972.790 (3)165
N3—H3A···O50.881.882.595 (4)138
N3—H3A···O60.882.262.693 (4)110
C11—H11···O4iii0.952.573.435 (4)152
C13—H13A···O6iv0.992.493.376 (5)149
Symmetry codes: (i) x1, y, z1; (ii) x+1, y, z+1; (iii) x1, y1, z; (iv) x1, y+1, z1.

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC16H15N3O6
Mr345.31
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P1
Temperature (K)193
a, b, c (Å)4.7125 (12), 8.032 (2), 9.997 (3)
α, β, γ (°)80.490 (15), 81.977 (15), 77.324 (14)
V3)361.98 (17)
Z1
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)0.12
Crystal size (mm)0.30 × 0.18 × 0.15
Data collection
DiffractometerRigaku Mercury
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(Jacobson, 1998)
Tmin, Tmax0.964, 0.982
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
3566, 1318, 1107
Rint0.034
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.602
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.038, 0.086, 1.05
No. of reflections1318
No. of parameters229
No. of restraints3
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.18, 0.18

Computer programs: CrystalClear (Rigaku, 1999), CrystalStructure (Rigaku/MSC, 2000), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2000) and PLATON (Spek, 2003).

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O3—H3···O4i0.842.122.931 (3)161.2
O3—H3···O5i0.842.453.161 (3)142.8
O3—H3···N2i0.842.643.472 (4)170.6
O6—H6···O2ii0.841.972.790 (3)164.7
N3—H3A···O50.881.882.595 (4)137.7
N3—H3A···O60.882.262.693 (4)110.4
C11—H11···O4iii0.952.573.435 (4)152.2
C13—H13A···O6iv0.992.493.376 (5)149.2
Symmetry codes: (i) x1, y, z1; (ii) x+1, y, z+1; (iii) x1, y1, z; (iv) x1, y+1, z1.
 

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