Isotope effects in solution small-angle X-ray scattering

While the difference between using heavy and light water as solvents for small-angle neutron scattering experiments is well known, the lesser difference for the case of small-angle X-ray scattering with these same isotopes of water has, as yet, not been reported. This difference for the case of X-rays is discussed and quantified for several familiar materials: polystyrene latexes, proteins and lipids.