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The title compound, [Fe(C2H2N3)Cl]n, was prepared from a hydro­thermal reaction of iron(II) chloride and 1,2,4-triazole. It is isostructural with its MnII, CoII, NiII and ZnII analogues. The FeII cation shows a slightly distorted square-based pyramidal coordination environment, being surrounded by three crystallographically independent N atoms of three different triazolate ligands and a chloride ligand. A polymeric layer is formed by the triply bridging nature of the 1,2,4-triazolate ligand, which is bonded to three different Fe atoms through its three N atoms. The layer contains both binuclear units and tetra­nuclear units. In the binuclear units, two Fe atoms are bridged by two nearly coplanar triazolate groups through the 1,2-positions, affording a six-membered ring around an inversion center. Each binuclear unit is further connected to four parallel units through the coordination of the N atoms of the triazolate groups. Four adjacent units, which are pairwise parallel, afford 16-membered tetra­nuclear units, in each of which the two nearest-neighbor Fe atoms are bridged by a single triazolate group through the 1,4-positions.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807036239/im2027sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807036239/im2027Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 1270873

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 293 K
  • Mean [sigma](N-C) = 0.007 Å
  • R factor = 0.035
  • wR factor = 0.123
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 15.8

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level C PLAT062_ALERT_4_C Rescale T(min) & T(max) by ..................... 0.96 PLAT242_ALERT_2_C Check Low Ueq as Compared to Neighbors for Fe1 PLAT764_ALERT_4_C Overcomplete CIF Bond List Detected (Rep/Expd) . 1.33 Ratio
Alert level G PLAT199_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _cell_measurement_temperature 293 K PLAT200_ALERT_1_G Check the Reported _diffrn_ambient_temperature . 293 K PLAT794_ALERT_5_G Check Predicted Bond Valency for Fe1 (2) 2.19
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 0 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 3 ALERT level C = Check and explain 3 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 2 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 1 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 0 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 2 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 1 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

Comment top

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials occupy a prominent position by virtue of their applications in catalysis, optical materials, membranes, and sorption (Ngo et al., 2004; Evans et al., 2001; Vioux et al., 2004; Sanchez et al., 2003; Evans & Lin, 2001; Jannasch, 2003; Javaid et al., 2001; Honma et al., 2001; Sudik et al., 2005; Rowsell et al., 2004; Kitaura et al., 2002). The design of organic-inorganic hybrid materials is conceived of the metal, metal cluster, or metal oxide substructure as a node from which rigid or flexible multitopic organic ligands radiate to act as tethers to adjacent nodes in the bottom-up construction of complex extended architectures. While a variety of organic molecules have been investigated as potential tethers, materials incorporating multitopic carboxylates and pyridine ligands have witnessed the most significant development. However, ligands offering alternative tether lengths, different charge-balance requirements, and orientations of donor groups may afford advantages in the design of materials. One such ligand is 1,2,4- triazole, a member of the polyazaheteroaromatic family of compounds, which exhibit an extensively documented ability to bridge metal ions to afford polynuclear compounds. Triazole is an attractive ligand for the design of novel hybrid materials because of the unusual structural diversity associated with the di- and trinucleating properties of the neutral and anionic ligand forms, respectively. Herein, one new complex,[(1,2,4-triazolato) iron(II) chloride]n, obtained from 1,2,4-triazole and iron dichloride under hydrothermal reaction is reported, which is iso-structural to reported ones (Gao et al., 2007a,b; Ouellette et al., 2006; Kröber et al., 1995).

The coordination polyhedron of the iron atom is shown in Fig. 1 and can be described as a slightly distorted tetrahedron. The iron cation is surrounded by three crystallographically independent nitrogen atoms belonging to three different triazolato ligands, and a chlorine atom. The Fe—N bond lengths are in the range of 1.998–2.022 Å, very close to each other. The Fe—Cl bond length is 2.238 Å. The bond angles around the iron atom are in the range of 106.47 to 113.23 Å. The polymeric layers as shown in Fig. 2 is formed due to the triply bridging nature of the 1,2,4-triazolato moieties. The 1,2,4-triazolato ligand is simultaneously bound to three different iron atoms through its three nitrogen atoms, and its symmetry is very close to C2v. A layer contains both binuclear units and tetranuclear cavities. In the binuclear unit two iron atoms are bridged by two nearly coplanar triazolato groups through the 1,2-positions, affording a six-membered ring around an inversion center; the Fe···Fe separation within the binuclear unit is equal to 3.781 Å. The chlorine atoms bonded to the metals of a binuclear unit point out in opposite parallel directions. Each binuclear unit is further connected to four parallel units through the four positions of the triazolato groups. Four adjacent units, which are pairwise parallel, afford sixteen-membered tetranuclear cavities. In such a cavity the two nearest neighbor iron atoms are bridged by a single triazolate group through the 1,4 positions with Fe···Fe separations of 5.785 and 6.202 Å.

Related literature top

For background information, see: Evans et al. (2001); Evans & Lin (2001); Honma et al. (2001); Jannasch (2003); Javaid et al. (2001); Sudik et al. (2005); Kitaura et al. (2002); Rowsell et al. (2004); Sanchez et al. (2003); Suzuki et al. (2002); Vioux et al. (2004). For the isostructural compounds, see: MnII (Gao et al., 2007a); CoII (Ouellette et al., 2006); NiII (Gao et al., 2007b); ZnII (Kröber et al., 1995). For related literature, see: Ngo et al. (2004).

Experimental top

All chemicals were used as purchased from Shanghai Chemical Co. Ltd. A mixture of iron(II) dichloride (0.5 mmol), potassium hydroxide (0.5 mmol), 1,2,4-triazole (0.5 mmol) and H2O (8 ml) in a 25 ml Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave was kept at 413 K for 2 d, and then cooled to room temperature. Colorless crystals of (I) were obtained in a yield of 36%. Anal. Calc. for C2H2ClN3Fe: C 15.06, H 1.25, N 26.35%; Found: C 15.01, H 1.28, N 26.31%.

Refinement top

H atoms were placed in calculated positions with a C—H bond distance of 0.93 Å and Uiso(H) = 1.2 Ueq of the respective carrier atom.

Structure description top

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials occupy a prominent position by virtue of their applications in catalysis, optical materials, membranes, and sorption (Ngo et al., 2004; Evans et al., 2001; Vioux et al., 2004; Sanchez et al., 2003; Evans & Lin, 2001; Jannasch, 2003; Javaid et al., 2001; Honma et al., 2001; Sudik et al., 2005; Rowsell et al., 2004; Kitaura et al., 2002). The design of organic-inorganic hybrid materials is conceived of the metal, metal cluster, or metal oxide substructure as a node from which rigid or flexible multitopic organic ligands radiate to act as tethers to adjacent nodes in the bottom-up construction of complex extended architectures. While a variety of organic molecules have been investigated as potential tethers, materials incorporating multitopic carboxylates and pyridine ligands have witnessed the most significant development. However, ligands offering alternative tether lengths, different charge-balance requirements, and orientations of donor groups may afford advantages in the design of materials. One such ligand is 1,2,4- triazole, a member of the polyazaheteroaromatic family of compounds, which exhibit an extensively documented ability to bridge metal ions to afford polynuclear compounds. Triazole is an attractive ligand for the design of novel hybrid materials because of the unusual structural diversity associated with the di- and trinucleating properties of the neutral and anionic ligand forms, respectively. Herein, one new complex,[(1,2,4-triazolato) iron(II) chloride]n, obtained from 1,2,4-triazole and iron dichloride under hydrothermal reaction is reported, which is iso-structural to reported ones (Gao et al., 2007a,b; Ouellette et al., 2006; Kröber et al., 1995).

The coordination polyhedron of the iron atom is shown in Fig. 1 and can be described as a slightly distorted tetrahedron. The iron cation is surrounded by three crystallographically independent nitrogen atoms belonging to three different triazolato ligands, and a chlorine atom. The Fe—N bond lengths are in the range of 1.998–2.022 Å, very close to each other. The Fe—Cl bond length is 2.238 Å. The bond angles around the iron atom are in the range of 106.47 to 113.23 Å. The polymeric layers as shown in Fig. 2 is formed due to the triply bridging nature of the 1,2,4-triazolato moieties. The 1,2,4-triazolato ligand is simultaneously bound to three different iron atoms through its three nitrogen atoms, and its symmetry is very close to C2v. A layer contains both binuclear units and tetranuclear cavities. In the binuclear unit two iron atoms are bridged by two nearly coplanar triazolato groups through the 1,2-positions, affording a six-membered ring around an inversion center; the Fe···Fe separation within the binuclear unit is equal to 3.781 Å. The chlorine atoms bonded to the metals of a binuclear unit point out in opposite parallel directions. Each binuclear unit is further connected to four parallel units through the four positions of the triazolato groups. Four adjacent units, which are pairwise parallel, afford sixteen-membered tetranuclear cavities. In such a cavity the two nearest neighbor iron atoms are bridged by a single triazolate group through the 1,4 positions with Fe···Fe separations of 5.785 and 6.202 Å.

For background information, see: Evans et al. (2001); Evans & Lin (2001); Honma et al. (2001); Jannasch (2003); Javaid et al. (2001); Sudik et al. (2005); Kitaura et al. (2002); Rowsell et al. (2004); Sanchez et al. (2003); Suzuki et al. (2002); Vioux et al. (2004). For the isostructural compounds, see: MnII (Gao et al., 2007a); CoII (Ouellette et al., 2006); NiII (Gao et al., 2007b); ZnII (Kröber et al., 1995). For related literature, see: Ngo et al. (2004).

Computing details top

Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004); cell refinement: SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2001); data reduction: SAINT-Plus; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The molecular structure of the title compound, showing 30% probability displacement ellipsoids for non-H atoms. Atoms labeled with i are at the symmetry position (-x + 1/2, y - 1/2, -z + 3/2).
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. View of a layer showing both the binuclear units and the tetranuclear cavities.
Poly[chlorido-µ3-1,2,4-triazolato-iron(II)] top
Crystal data top
[Fe(C2H2N3)Cl]F(000) = 312
Mr = 159.37Dx = 2.000 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/nMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ynCell parameters from 1025 reflections
a = 6.202 (2) Åθ = 3.1–26.0°
b = 9.671 (1) ŵ = 3.21 mm1
c = 8.947 (1) ÅT = 293 K
β = 99.49 (2)°Cube, colourless
V = 529.3 (2) Å30.15 × 0.15 × 0.15 mm
Z = 4
Data collection top
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector
diffractometer
1025 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube927 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.025
φ and ω scansθmax = 26.0°, θmin = 3.1°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2001)
h = 77
Tmin = 0.644, Tmax = 0.644k = 1111
4311 measured reflectionsl = 1010
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.035H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.123 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0735P)2 + 2.4001P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.00(Δ/σ)max = 0.011
1025 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.69 e Å3
65 parametersΔρmin = 0.81 e Å3
0 restraintsExtinction correction: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsExtinction coefficient: 0.056 (6)
Crystal data top
[Fe(C2H2N3)Cl]V = 529.3 (2) Å3
Mr = 159.37Z = 4
Monoclinic, P21/nMo Kα radiation
a = 6.202 (2) ŵ = 3.21 mm1
b = 9.671 (1) ÅT = 293 K
c = 8.947 (1) Å0.15 × 0.15 × 0.15 mm
β = 99.49 (2)°
Data collection top
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector
diffractometer
1025 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2001)
927 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.644, Tmax = 0.644Rint = 0.025
4311 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0350 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.123H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.00Δρmax = 0.69 e Å3
1025 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.81 e Å3
65 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.2400 (9)0.1685 (5)0.7715 (6)0.0378 (12)
H10.24700.15250.87470.045*
C20.2880 (9)0.2541 (5)0.5621 (6)0.0416 (13)
H20.33660.31080.49060.050*
Cl10.8065 (3)0.44652 (18)0.67320 (19)0.0532 (5)
Fe10.54401 (9)0.41944 (6)0.81489 (6)0.0185 (3)
N10.3731 (8)0.5915 (4)0.8358 (5)0.0356 (10)
N20.3415 (8)0.6475 (5)0.9728 (5)0.0385 (11)
N30.3433 (7)0.2724 (5)0.7140 (5)0.0368 (10)
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.051 (3)0.036 (3)0.025 (2)0.004 (2)0.003 (2)0.001 (2)
C20.055 (3)0.035 (3)0.033 (3)0.013 (3)0.001 (2)0.003 (2)
Cl10.0527 (9)0.0605 (10)0.0507 (9)0.0044 (7)0.0211 (7)0.0023 (7)
Fe10.0237 (4)0.0162 (4)0.0149 (4)0.0005 (2)0.0011 (2)0.0015 (2)
N10.043 (3)0.035 (2)0.027 (2)0.0024 (18)0.0013 (18)0.0041 (17)
N20.050 (3)0.035 (2)0.029 (2)0.005 (2)0.0025 (19)0.0028 (18)
N30.044 (2)0.030 (2)0.035 (2)0.0035 (18)0.0032 (19)0.0020 (18)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
C1—N1i1.322 (7)Fe1—N11.998 (4)
C1—N31.339 (7)Fe1—N32.004 (4)
C1—H10.9300Fe1—N2ii2.022 (4)
C2—N2i1.312 (7)N1—C1iii1.322 (7)
C2—N31.356 (7)N1—N21.383 (6)
C2—H20.9300N2—C2iii1.312 (7)
Cl1—Fe12.2375 (17)N2—Fe1ii2.022 (4)
N1i—C1—N3112.0 (4)N2ii—Fe1—Cl1113.23 (14)
N1i—C1—H1124.0C1iii—N1—N2106.7 (4)
N3—C1—H1124.0C1iii—N1—Fe1128.9 (4)
N2i—C2—N3112.6 (5)N2—N1—Fe1124.3 (3)
N2i—C2—H2123.7C2iii—N2—N1105.5 (4)
N3—C2—H2123.7C2iii—N2—Fe1ii125.6 (4)
N1—Fe1—N3109.48 (19)N1—N2—Fe1ii128.9 (3)
N1—Fe1—N2ii106.75 (18)C2—N3—C1103.2 (4)
N3—Fe1—N2ii106.97 (19)C2—N3—Fe1125.4 (4)
N1—Fe1—Cl1113.72 (15)C1—N3—Fe1131.3 (4)
N3—Fe1—Cl1106.47 (14)
Symmetry codes: (i) x+1/2, y1/2, z+3/2; (ii) x+1, y+1, z+2; (iii) x+1/2, y+1/2, z+3/2.

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[Fe(C2H2N3)Cl]
Mr159.37
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/n
Temperature (K)293
a, b, c (Å)6.202 (2), 9.671 (1), 8.947 (1)
β (°) 99.49 (2)
V3)529.3 (2)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)3.21
Crystal size (mm)0.15 × 0.15 × 0.15
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD area-detector
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 2001)
Tmin, Tmax0.644, 0.644
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
4311, 1025, 927
Rint0.025
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.617
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.035, 0.123, 1.00
No. of reflections1025
No. of parameters65
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.69, 0.81

Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2004), SAINT-Plus (Bruker, 2001), SAINT-Plus, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXTL (Bruker, 2001), SHELXTL.

 

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