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In the title compound, [PtI(C15H11N3)][AuI2], the [PtI(terpy)]+ cations (terpy is 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine) stack in pairs about inversion centers through Pt...Pt inter­actions of 3.5279 (5) Å. The [AuI2] anions also exhibit pairwise stacking, with Au...I distances of 3.7713 (5) Å. The [PtI(terpy)]+ cations and [AuI2] anions aggregate forming infinite arrays of stacked ...({[PtI(terpy)]+...[PtI(terpy)]+}...{[AuI2]...[AuI2]})... units.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270107015843/gg3082sup1.cif
Contains datablocks I, global

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270107015843/gg3082Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 652485

Comment top

Metallophilicity has been observed as a subtle yet significant force in forming M···M contacts (Pyykkö, 1997). We are interested in making wires of sub-

millimeter length in single-crystal form with single atom-wide conducting paths in the center and have synthesized double salts of {X-platinum-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine}[AuX'n], where X is CN or Cl, X' is a halogen, and n is 2 or 4 (Hayoun et al., 2006). The title compound, (I), is closely related to the reported [Pt(terpy)Cl][AuCl2] double salt and, although the compounds differ only in the halide, this change has resulted in different crystal packing.

We report the structure of [Pt(terpy)I][AuI2], (I) (where terpy is 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine); the asymmetric unit comprises a [PtI(terpy)]+ cation and an [AuI2]- anion, as depicted in Fig. 1. A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.28 of November 2006; Allen, 2002) for [Pt(terpy)X]+ cations (X is any halogen) revealed the chloride derivative as the only structurally characterized form of the halogenated cation. The Pt atom in (I) is in a nearly square-planar environment with an N1—Pt1—N3 angle of 161.5 (2)° and a N2—Pt1—I1 angle of 176.68 (15)°. The Pt center lies 0.004 Å from the plane defined by the pyridine N atoms (N1, N2 and N3). The Pt1—I1 distance is 2.5930 (5) Å and is comparable to the average PtII—I distance of 2.62 (5) Å (Orpen et al., 1994). The iodide ion lies 0.159 Å from the plane defined by the three N atoms, within the range of reported values seen in [Pt(terpy)Cl]+ cations, but above the average value of 0.05 (5) Å. The [PtI(terpy)]+ cations exhibit pair-wise stacking with a symmetry-related cation, [PtI(terpy)]+ at (1 - x, 1 - y, 1 - z), resulting in a Pt···Pt interaction of 3.5279 (5) Å. A weak hydrogen bond is present between the [Pt(terpy)I] and [Pt(terpy)I]i cations [symmetry code: (i) 2 - x, 1 - y, 1 - z] and the C15···I1i distance of 3.824 (7) Å (the C15—H15A···I1i angle is 140°) as depicted in Fig. 2.

The [AuI2]- anion has been observed to undergo metallophilic interactions in compounds of the form [L2Au]+·[AuI2]-. Two structurally characterized examples of [AuI2]--containing complexes exhibiting aurophilic interactions are the imidazolidine-2-thione derivative [Au(C3H6N2S)2]+·[AuI2]-, (Friedrichs & Jones, 1999) and [(tBuNC)2Au]+·[AuI2]-(I2) (Schneider et al., 2005). Aurophilic interactions were also observed in the tetrahydrothiophene salt [(C4H8S)2Au]+·[AuI2]- (Ahrland et al., 1985) and the tetrahydroselenophene salt, [(C4H8Se)2Au]+·[AuI2]- (Ahrland et al., 1993). In (I), the nearly linear [AuI2]- anion (Fig. 1) lies parallel to the a axis and exhibits an I2—Au1—I3 angle of 174.871 (17)°, consistent with previously reported values. The Au—I2 and Au1—I3 bond lengths of 2.5580 (5) Å and 2.5538 (5) Å, respectively, are also consistent with previously reported values. As shown in Fig. 2, the [AuI2]- anions stack pairwise, with short contacts between Au1 and I3 at (1 - x, -y, -z) at a distance of 3.7713 (5) Å, about inversion centers.

In Fig. 1, the [AuI2]- anions stack near the [PtI(terpy)]+ terpyridine planes, with I2 and Au1 at distances of 3.667 and 3.571 Å, respectively, above the plane defined by the three terpyridine N atoms. The shortest contact between the [PtI(terpy)]+ cation and the [AuI2]- anion is for N2 and Au1, at 3.629 (5) Å [a close contact between N3 and I2 is 3.727 (5) Å]. The shortest contact from the Pt atom in the cation to the anion is for Pt1···I2, at 3.9894 (5) Å [the Au1···Pt1 distance is 4.2546 (4) Å; Fig 2]. Although no continuous metal chain exists in (I), ···[(cation–cation)···(anion–anion)]··· units are evident, and a pairwise metallophilic interaction exists between the Pt-containing cations.

The [Cl(terpy)PtII][Cl2AuI] derivative, which crystallizes to form red, block-shaped crystals of {[Pt(terpy)Cl]2[AuCl2]}[AuCl2], has been previously characterized (Hayoun et al., 2006) and Fig. 3 shows the infinite metal chains consisting of ···Pt1···Au1···Pt1···Pt1··· contacts. An additional [AuCl2]- anion is found perpendicular to the terpyridine planes. In the chloro derivative, the Pt1···Pt1 distance is 3.453 (1) Å and the Au1···Pt1 contact is 3.268 (1) Å.

As iodine is less electronegative than chlorine, one would expect more electron density on the metal centers in (I) than in the Cl derivative; this is expected to promote metallophilic interactions in (I) (Ahrland et al., 1993). Humphrey et al. (2004) prepared (isocyanide)gold(I) halides in which the extent of metallophilicity was shown to be dependent on the nature of the halide substituent. As the I atoms are larger than the Au atom, the Au center in the [AuI2]- anion is sterically hindered from metallophilically interacting with the Pt center, which is surrounded by a rigid planar ligand environment. Space-filling diagrams of (I) and the Cl derivative are shown in Figs. 4(a) and 4(b), respectively.

Synthesis of the bromo derivative of (I) is in progress. Recrystallization of (I) from solvents other than dimethylsulfoxide is also underway, as the Cl derivative crystallized with one acetonitrile solvent molecule, and such packing may influence the metallophilic interactions.

Related literature top

For related literature, see: Ahrland et al. (1985, 1993); Allen (2002); Annibale et al. (2004); Braunstein & Clark (1973); Friedrichs & Jones (1999); Hayoun et al. (2006); Humphrey et al. (2004); Orpen et al. (1994); Pyykkö (1997); Schneider et al. (2005).

Experimental top

[Pt(terpy)Cl]Cl (Annibale et al., 2004) and [Et4N][AuBr2] (Braunstein & Clark, 1973) were prepared according to literature procedures. For the synthesis of [Pt(terpy)I]I, [Pt(terpy)Cl]Cl (0.0504 g) was dissolved in water (5 ml) and to this was added a 0.4196 g portion of KI dissolved in water (3 ml). A thick bright-fuschia precipitate formed, which faded to an apricot color after 10 min. The solution was left to stand overnight, resulting in a uniform dark-canary-yellow precipitate, which was filtered off and washed with cold water for an 85.8% yield. Analysis calculated for C15H11N3Pt1I2: C 26.41, H 1.63, N 6.16%; found: C 26.54, H 1.58, N 6.21%. For the synthesis of [Et4N][AuI2], a 0.3312 g portion of [Et4N][AuBr2] was dissolved in absolute ethanol (4 ml) and to this solution was added a 0.3473 g portion of [Et4N]I dissolved in absolute ethanol (4 ml); the solution was heated to 313 K for 1 min then left to cool to room temperature. Upon heating the solution turned a clear brown color and several minutes after cooling a dark-brown precipitate formed in 68% yield. For the synthesis of [Pt(terpy)I][AuI2], a 0.0525 g portion of [Et4N][AuI2] was dissolved in absolute ethanol (15 ml) to produce a clear light-brown solution. This was added to a partially dissolved solution of 0.0625 g of [Pt(terpy)I]I in absolute ethanol (415 ml), which turned fuschia-orange and opaque and was stirred for 5 min to give a 83% yield of (I). X-ray quality crystals were grown from dimethylsulfoxide and vapor diffused with diethyl ether.

Computing details top

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2005); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: Cameron (Watkin et al., 1996) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2007).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. A view of the structure and stacking of the [PtI(terpy)]+ cation and [AuI2]- anion. Closest contacts are joined with dotted lines. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level for non-H atoms.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. A view of the stacking in the structure of (I). Close contacts and hydrogen bonds are shown as dotted lines. Selected distances: Au1···I3iii = 3.7713 (5) Å; Pt1···Pt1ii = 3.5279 (5) Å; C15···I1i = 3.824 (7) Å. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. [Symmetry codes: (i) -x + 2, -y + 1, -z + 1; (ii) -x + 1, -y + 1, -z + 1; (iii) -x + 1, -y, -z; (iv) x - 1, y - 1, z - 1.]
[Figure 3] Fig. 3. A view along the c axis of the {[Pt(terpy)Cl]2[AuCl2]}[AuCl2] stacking, where the [AuCl2]- anion without metallophilic interactions has been omitted for clarity. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. [Symmetry codes: (i) -x, -y + 1, -z; (ii) -x, -y + 2, -z.]
[Figure 4] Fig. 4. Space-filling diagrams (Mercury; Macrae et al., 2006) of (a) compound (I) [symmetry codes: (i) 1 - x, 1 - y, 1 - z] and (b) {[Pt(terpy)Cl]2[AuCl2]}[AuCl2], where the anion without metallophilic interactions was omitted for clarity [symmetry codes: (i) -x, -y + 1, -z.]
iodido(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)platinum(II) diiodidoaurate(I) top
Crystal data top
[PtI(C15H11N3)][AuI2]Z = 2
Mr = 1006.02F(000) = 876
Triclinic, P1Dx = 3.580 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 8.7124 (6) ÅCell parameters from 8611 reflections
b = 9.0668 (6) Åθ = 2.4–28.2°
c = 11.9860 (8) ŵ = 20.30 mm1
α = 84.085 (1)°T = 100 K
β = 82.476 (1)°Block, red
γ = 87.554 (1)°0.18 × 0.13 × 0.10 mm
V = 933.26 (11) Å3
Data collection top
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector
diffractometer
4155 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube4099 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.027
ϕ and ω scansθmax = 28.2°, θmin = 1.7°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Blessing, 1995; Sheldrick, 1996)
h = 1011
Tmin = 0.121, Tmax = 0.236k = 1211
9589 measured reflectionsl = 1515
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.026Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.065H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.09 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0212P)2 + 7.9416P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
4155 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.029
208 parametersΔρmax = 1.43 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = 1.81 e Å3
Crystal data top
[PtI(C15H11N3)][AuI2]γ = 87.554 (1)°
Mr = 1006.02V = 933.26 (11) Å3
Triclinic, P1Z = 2
a = 8.7124 (6) ÅMo Kα radiation
b = 9.0668 (6) ŵ = 20.30 mm1
c = 11.9860 (8) ÅT = 100 K
α = 84.085 (1)°0.18 × 0.13 × 0.10 mm
β = 82.476 (1)°
Data collection top
Bruker SMART CCD area-detector
diffractometer
4155 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Blessing, 1995; Sheldrick, 1996)
4099 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.121, Tmax = 0.236Rint = 0.027
9589 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0260 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.065H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.09Δρmax = 1.43 e Å3
4155 reflectionsΔρmin = 1.81 e Å3
208 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Pt10.60794 (2)0.39920 (2)0.396570 (19)0.01151 (7)
Au10.57885 (3)0.12408 (3)0.13364 (2)0.01798 (7)
I10.81674 (5)0.33353 (5)0.53068 (4)0.01814 (10)
I20.84371 (5)0.23924 (5)0.12460 (4)0.02055 (10)
I30.31905 (5)0.00343 (5)0.15949 (4)0.02039 (10)
N10.4458 (6)0.2521 (6)0.4689 (4)0.0140 (10)
N20.4555 (6)0.4389 (6)0.2909 (4)0.0126 (10)
N30.7185 (6)0.5601 (6)0.2892 (4)0.0146 (10)
C10.4489 (7)0.1597 (7)0.5642 (6)0.0170 (12)
H1A0.53520.15910.60520.020*
C20.3284 (8)0.0655 (7)0.6034 (6)0.0204 (13)
H2A0.33230.00190.67120.024*
C30.2031 (8)0.0636 (8)0.5448 (6)0.0233 (14)
H3A0.11990.00050.57140.028*
C40.2009 (7)0.1572 (8)0.4463 (6)0.0185 (13)
H4A0.11650.15660.40360.022*
C50.3221 (7)0.2519 (7)0.4099 (5)0.0164 (12)
C60.3274 (7)0.3576 (7)0.3083 (6)0.0158 (12)
C70.2193 (7)0.3828 (7)0.2330 (6)0.0189 (13)
H7A0.12720.32780.24370.023*
C80.2474 (8)0.4894 (8)0.1414 (6)0.0210 (14)
H8A0.17400.50690.08910.025*
C90.3805 (8)0.5703 (8)0.1255 (6)0.0202 (13)
H9A0.39920.64280.06260.024*
C100.4874 (7)0.5440 (7)0.2032 (5)0.0160 (12)
C110.6362 (7)0.6136 (7)0.2018 (5)0.0156 (12)
C120.6926 (8)0.7246 (8)0.1211 (5)0.0193 (13)
H12A0.63350.76140.06240.023*
C130.8359 (8)0.7819 (7)0.1264 (6)0.0230 (14)
H13A0.87620.85790.07110.028*
C140.9201 (8)0.7276 (7)0.2129 (6)0.0225 (14)
H14A1.01930.76460.21730.027*
C150.8563 (7)0.6173 (7)0.2937 (6)0.0182 (13)
H15A0.91290.58160.35400.022*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Pt10.01076 (11)0.01197 (12)0.01223 (12)0.00068 (8)0.00447 (8)0.00018 (8)
Au10.01888 (13)0.01848 (13)0.01660 (13)0.00238 (9)0.00504 (9)0.00047 (9)
I10.01563 (19)0.0195 (2)0.0209 (2)0.00123 (15)0.00957 (15)0.00116 (16)
I20.0195 (2)0.0240 (2)0.0188 (2)0.00046 (16)0.00487 (16)0.00247 (16)
I30.0215 (2)0.0201 (2)0.0198 (2)0.00059 (16)0.00389 (16)0.00152 (16)
N10.010 (2)0.017 (3)0.015 (3)0.0000 (19)0.0029 (19)0.000 (2)
N20.013 (2)0.012 (2)0.012 (2)0.0024 (19)0.0035 (19)0.0009 (19)
N30.018 (2)0.012 (2)0.014 (3)0.0030 (19)0.002 (2)0.0006 (19)
C10.017 (3)0.015 (3)0.018 (3)0.005 (2)0.002 (2)0.001 (2)
C20.025 (3)0.017 (3)0.019 (3)0.004 (3)0.002 (3)0.002 (3)
C30.018 (3)0.027 (4)0.024 (4)0.009 (3)0.003 (3)0.001 (3)
C40.011 (3)0.026 (4)0.020 (3)0.003 (2)0.003 (2)0.003 (3)
C50.013 (3)0.020 (3)0.017 (3)0.002 (2)0.004 (2)0.002 (2)
C60.012 (3)0.015 (3)0.021 (3)0.001 (2)0.004 (2)0.006 (2)
C70.018 (3)0.014 (3)0.026 (3)0.003 (2)0.011 (3)0.003 (3)
C80.025 (3)0.020 (3)0.021 (3)0.005 (3)0.014 (3)0.005 (3)
C90.025 (3)0.020 (3)0.016 (3)0.006 (3)0.008 (3)0.001 (2)
C100.018 (3)0.015 (3)0.015 (3)0.003 (2)0.003 (2)0.002 (2)
C110.018 (3)0.013 (3)0.016 (3)0.006 (2)0.001 (2)0.003 (2)
C120.027 (3)0.021 (3)0.009 (3)0.002 (3)0.002 (2)0.001 (2)
C130.027 (3)0.015 (3)0.023 (4)0.002 (3)0.006 (3)0.003 (3)
C140.019 (3)0.017 (3)0.031 (4)0.007 (3)0.002 (3)0.002 (3)
C150.018 (3)0.015 (3)0.023 (3)0.001 (2)0.004 (2)0.004 (2)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Pt1—N21.950 (5)C4—H4A0.9500
Pt1—N32.030 (5)C5—C61.467 (9)
Pt1—N12.031 (5)C6—C71.384 (9)
Pt1—I12.5930 (5)C7—C81.389 (9)
Au1—I32.5538 (5)C7—H7A0.9500
Au1—I22.5580 (5)C8—C91.380 (10)
N1—C11.348 (8)C8—H8A0.9500
N1—C51.365 (8)C9—C101.397 (9)
N2—C61.345 (8)C9—H9A0.9500
N2—C101.353 (8)C10—C111.464 (9)
N3—C151.338 (8)C11—C121.381 (9)
N3—C111.382 (8)C12—C131.383 (10)
C1—C21.384 (9)C12—H12A0.9500
C1—H1A0.9500C13—C141.386 (10)
C2—C31.375 (10)C13—H13A0.9500
C2—H2A0.9500C14—C151.398 (9)
C3—C41.383 (10)C14—H14A0.9500
C3—H3A0.9500C15—H15A0.9500
C4—C51.386 (9)
N2—Pt1—N380.8 (2)N2—C6—C7118.6 (6)
N2—Pt1—N180.7 (2)N2—C6—C5112.9 (5)
N3—Pt1—N1161.5 (2)C7—C6—C5128.5 (6)
N2—Pt1—I1176.68 (15)C6—C7—C8119.1 (6)
N3—Pt1—I199.63 (15)C6—C7—H7A120.5
N1—Pt1—I198.90 (15)C8—C7—H7A120.5
I3—Au1—I2174.871 (17)C9—C8—C7120.8 (6)
C1—N1—C5119.3 (5)C9—C8—H8A119.6
C1—N1—Pt1127.8 (4)C7—C8—H8A119.6
C5—N1—Pt1112.9 (4)C8—C9—C10119.1 (6)
C6—N2—C10124.3 (5)C8—C9—H9A120.4
C6—N2—Pt1117.9 (4)C10—C9—H9A120.4
C10—N2—Pt1117.8 (4)N2—C10—C9118.0 (6)
C15—N3—C11118.4 (6)N2—C10—C11113.5 (5)
C15—N3—Pt1128.3 (5)C9—C10—C11128.4 (6)
C11—N3—Pt1113.3 (4)C12—C11—N3121.4 (6)
N1—C1—C2121.1 (6)C12—C11—C10123.9 (6)
N1—C1—H1A119.4N3—C11—C10114.6 (5)
C2—C1—H1A119.4C11—C12—C13119.5 (6)
C3—C2—C1120.3 (6)C11—C12—H12A120.3
C3—C2—H2A119.8C13—C12—H12A120.3
C1—C2—H2A119.8C14—C13—C12119.5 (6)
C2—C3—C4118.5 (6)C14—C13—H13A120.3
C2—C3—H3A120.7C12—C13—H13A120.3
C4—C3—H3A120.7C13—C14—C15118.7 (6)
C3—C4—C5119.9 (6)C13—C14—H14A120.7
C3—C4—H4A120.0C15—C14—H14A120.7
C5—C4—H4A120.0N3—C15—C14122.5 (6)
N1—C5—C4120.8 (6)N3—C15—H15A118.8
N1—C5—C6115.6 (5)C14—C15—H15A118.8
C4—C5—C6123.6 (6)

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[PtI(C15H11N3)][AuI2]
Mr1006.02
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P1
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c (Å)8.7124 (6), 9.0668 (6), 11.9860 (8)
α, β, γ (°)84.085 (1), 82.476 (1), 87.554 (1)
V3)933.26 (11)
Z2
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)20.30
Crystal size (mm)0.18 × 0.13 × 0.10
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker SMART CCD area-detector
diffractometer
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Blessing, 1995; Sheldrick, 1996)
Tmin, Tmax0.121, 0.236
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
9589, 4155, 4099
Rint0.027
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.666
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.026, 0.065, 1.09
No. of reflections4155
No. of parameters208
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)1.43, 1.81

Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SAINT, SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), Cameron (Watkin et al., 1996) and Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006), publCIF (Westrip, 2007).

 

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