Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270103010321/fr1422sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108270103010321/fr1422Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 217127
Treatment of a suspension of ZrCl4 (2.32 g, 0.01 mol) in Et2O, chilled to 195 K, with a freshly prepared concentrated tetrahydrofuran solution of carbazolyl potassium, formed by deprotonation of carbazole (5 g, 0.030 mol) with an excess of potassium hydride (2.4 g, 0.060 mol), resulted in a slow reaction that, on warming to room temperature, afforded a golden-yellow solution. Large leaf-like golden-yellow crystals of (I) grew spontaneously from the unstirred reaction mixture over a period of 3 d. The crystal growth occurred with precipitation of a quantity of bright-yellow powder. The latter gave identical spectroscopic data to the crystals. The compound has been characterized by one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy at variable temperature in solution and CP-MAS 13C NMR in the solid state. The spectroscopic data fully support the formulation of (I) as [K(THF)][mer-(carbazolyl)3ZrCl2.THF].
All H atoms were introduced at calculated positions and treated as riding [Uiso(H)=1.2Ueq(C) and C—H = 0.98 Å]. Friedel pairs were kept separate.
Data collection: SMART (Bruker 1997); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker 1997); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997).
[K(C4H8O)][ZrCl2(C12H8N)3(C4H8O)] | Dx = 1.457 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 844.01 | Melting point: 470 - 472 K K |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 7774 reflections |
a = 14.158 (3) Å | θ = 2.3–28.3° |
b = 15.486 (3) Å | µ = 0.58 mm−1 |
c = 17.548 (3) Å | T = 173 K |
V = 3847.4 (13) Å3 | Leaf-like, yellow |
Z = 4 | 0.40 × 0.35 × 0.25 mm |
F(000) = 1736 |
Bruker AXS CCD diffractometer | 9248 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 8608 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.029 |
Detector resolution: not measured pixels mm-1 | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 1.2° |
ϕ and ω scans | h = −18→18 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | k = −19→19 |
Tmin = 0.882, Tmax = 0.890 | l = −23→23 |
41736 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0454P)2 + 1.0517P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.07 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.005 |
9248 reflections | Δρmax = 0.75 e Å−3 |
479 parameters | Δρmin = −0.34 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 5169 Friedel Pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: −0.04 (2) |
[K(C4H8O)][ZrCl2(C12H8N)3(C4H8O)] | V = 3847.4 (13) Å3 |
Mr = 844.01 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 14.158 (3) Å | µ = 0.58 mm−1 |
b = 15.486 (3) Å | T = 173 K |
c = 17.548 (3) Å | 0.40 × 0.35 × 0.25 mm |
Bruker AXS CCD diffractometer | 9248 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 8608 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.882, Tmax = 0.890 | Rint = 0.029 |
41736 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.028 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.078 | Δρmax = 0.75 e Å−3 |
S = 1.07 | Δρmin = −0.34 e Å−3 |
9248 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 5169 Friedel Pairs |
479 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: −0.04 (2) |
0 restraints |
Experimental. Data were collected using a Bruker AXS SMART 1000 diffractometer equipped with a CCD area detector and graphite monochromated Mo source operating with a Nicolet liquid nitrogen cooling system at 173 K. Data were measured using phi–omega scans of 0.3 degrees with an integration time of 20 s. A total of 2424 frames were collected, with the initial 606 frames recollected in the final run. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
C1 | 0.12967 (15) | 0.00842 (14) | 0.23524 (12) | 0.0264 (4) | |
C2 | 0.05460 (17) | 0.05603 (16) | 0.20514 (14) | 0.0335 (5) | |
H2 | 0.0620 | 0.1155 | 0.1931 | 0.040* | |
C3 | −0.03056 (18) | 0.01476 (18) | 0.19328 (16) | 0.0405 (6) | |
H3 | −0.0819 | 0.0466 | 0.1726 | 0.049* | |
C4 | −0.0432 (2) | −0.07187 (19) | 0.21070 (16) | 0.0420 (6) | |
H4 | −0.1028 | −0.0984 | 0.2022 | 0.050* | |
C5 | 0.03004 (17) | −0.11949 (15) | 0.24020 (15) | 0.0354 (5) | |
H5 | 0.0217 | −0.1788 | 0.2521 | 0.043* | |
C6 | 0.11677 (15) | −0.07930 (14) | 0.25231 (14) | 0.0288 (4) | |
C7 | 0.20684 (17) | −0.11061 (14) | 0.27881 (12) | 0.0270 (4) | |
C8 | 0.23781 (19) | −0.19188 (15) | 0.30363 (14) | 0.0348 (5) | |
H8 | 0.1954 | −0.2393 | 0.3063 | 0.042* | |
C9 | 0.3311 (2) | −0.20133 (16) | 0.32411 (15) | 0.0363 (6) | |
H9 | 0.3535 | −0.2561 | 0.3404 | 0.044* | |
C10 | 0.39277 (18) | −0.13185 (16) | 0.32123 (14) | 0.0329 (5) | |
H10 | 0.4567 | −0.1400 | 0.3361 | 0.039* | |
C11 | 0.36347 (17) | −0.05068 (14) | 0.29721 (12) | 0.0268 (4) | |
H11 | 0.4065 | −0.0037 | 0.2957 | 0.032* | |
C12 | 0.26943 (16) | −0.03960 (13) | 0.27531 (11) | 0.0246 (4) | |
C13 | 0.31635 (16) | 0.12666 (14) | 0.42071 (12) | 0.0256 (4) | |
C14 | 0.22817 (18) | 0.08823 (14) | 0.43309 (13) | 0.0299 (5) | |
H14 | 0.1867 | 0.0759 | 0.3920 | 0.036* | |
C15 | 0.20389 (19) | 0.06901 (16) | 0.50736 (14) | 0.0363 (5) | |
H15 | 0.1446 | 0.0424 | 0.5169 | 0.044* | |
C16 | 0.2625 (2) | 0.08700 (18) | 0.56853 (14) | 0.0403 (6) | |
H16 | 0.2418 | 0.0750 | 0.6189 | 0.048* | |
C17 | 0.3510 (2) | 0.12230 (17) | 0.55669 (14) | 0.0375 (6) | |
H17 | 0.3921 | 0.1336 | 0.5983 | 0.045* | |
C18 | 0.37826 (17) | 0.14095 (14) | 0.48222 (13) | 0.0280 (5) | |
C19 | 0.46349 (16) | 0.17499 (15) | 0.45045 (12) | 0.0281 (4) | |
C20 | 0.55034 (19) | 0.19756 (16) | 0.48255 (15) | 0.0349 (5) | |
H20 | 0.5604 | 0.1920 | 0.5358 | 0.042* | |
C21 | 0.62083 (18) | 0.22789 (16) | 0.43611 (15) | 0.0354 (5) | |
H21 | 0.6804 | 0.2428 | 0.4573 | 0.042* | |
C22 | 0.60558 (18) | 0.23691 (15) | 0.35806 (15) | 0.0341 (5) | |
H22 | 0.6551 | 0.2584 | 0.3269 | 0.041* | |
C23 | 0.51942 (16) | 0.21515 (14) | 0.32450 (14) | 0.0298 (5) | |
H23 | 0.5096 | 0.2220 | 0.2713 | 0.036* | |
C24 | 0.44857 (16) | 0.18315 (13) | 0.37126 (12) | 0.0251 (4) | |
C25 | 0.31980 (16) | 0.36832 (14) | 0.28176 (13) | 0.0263 (4) | |
C26 | 0.29414 (17) | 0.36244 (15) | 0.35839 (13) | 0.0307 (5) | |
H26 | 0.2833 | 0.3079 | 0.3815 | 0.037* | |
C27 | 0.28471 (19) | 0.43856 (16) | 0.40022 (14) | 0.0367 (5) | |
H27 | 0.2658 | 0.4356 | 0.4521 | 0.044* | |
C28 | 0.3026 (2) | 0.51909 (16) | 0.36729 (16) | 0.0413 (6) | |
H28 | 0.2961 | 0.5699 | 0.3971 | 0.050* | |
C29 | 0.3295 (2) | 0.52570 (15) | 0.29223 (16) | 0.0386 (6) | |
H29 | 0.3416 | 0.5806 | 0.2701 | 0.046* | |
C30 | 0.33900 (15) | 0.45019 (13) | 0.24883 (15) | 0.0309 (4) | |
C31 | 0.36193 (17) | 0.43464 (14) | 0.17045 (14) | 0.0302 (5) | |
C32 | 0.38629 (19) | 0.48884 (16) | 0.10983 (16) | 0.0389 (6) | |
H32 | 0.3922 | 0.5493 | 0.1175 | 0.047* | |
C33 | 0.4015 (2) | 0.45364 (18) | 0.03939 (17) | 0.0431 (6) | |
H33 | 0.4170 | 0.4900 | −0.0024 | 0.052* | |
C34 | 0.3944 (2) | 0.36484 (18) | 0.02846 (15) | 0.0392 (6) | |
H34 | 0.4048 | 0.3417 | −0.0210 | 0.047* | |
C35 | 0.37270 (17) | 0.30946 (16) | 0.08771 (14) | 0.0321 (5) | |
H35 | 0.3696 | 0.2489 | 0.0796 | 0.039* | |
C36 | 0.35542 (15) | 0.34444 (14) | 0.15981 (12) | 0.0263 (4) | |
C37 | 0.2142 (2) | 0.12155 (18) | 0.07166 (14) | 0.0435 (6) | |
H37A | 0.2069 | 0.0626 | 0.0927 | 0.052* | |
H37B | 0.2755 | 0.1252 | 0.0447 | 0.052* | |
C38 | 0.1347 (3) | 0.1425 (2) | 0.0190 (2) | 0.0669 (10) | |
H38A | 0.0751 | 0.1150 | 0.0358 | 0.080* | |
H38B | 0.1490 | 0.1245 | −0.0339 | 0.080* | |
C39 | 0.1301 (3) | 0.2408 (2) | 0.0262 (2) | 0.0656 (10) | |
H39A | 0.1800 | 0.2688 | −0.0047 | 0.079* | |
H39B | 0.0677 | 0.2630 | 0.0100 | 0.079* | |
C40 | 0.1461 (2) | 0.25633 (18) | 0.11051 (16) | 0.0416 (6) | |
H40A | 0.1762 | 0.3131 | 0.1195 | 0.050* | |
H40B | 0.0860 | 0.2536 | 0.1392 | 0.050* | |
C41 | 0.4306 (4) | 0.3720 (3) | 0.5683 (3) | 0.0917 (15) | |
H41A | 0.4831 | 0.3467 | 0.5981 | 0.110* | |
H41B | 0.4022 | 0.3258 | 0.5366 | 0.110* | |
C42 | 0.3598 (4) | 0.4082 (3) | 0.6193 (3) | 0.0933 (14) | |
H42A | 0.3742 | 0.3947 | 0.6732 | 0.112* | |
H42B | 0.2958 | 0.3869 | 0.6068 | 0.112* | |
C43 | 0.3695 (4) | 0.5075 (3) | 0.6027 (3) | 0.0981 (17) | |
H43A | 0.3156 | 0.5283 | 0.5718 | 0.118* | |
H43B | 0.3716 | 0.5407 | 0.6509 | 0.118* | |
C44 | 0.4581 (3) | 0.5173 (3) | 0.5608 (3) | 0.0942 (16) | |
H44A | 0.4555 | 0.5677 | 0.5261 | 0.113* | |
H44B | 0.5121 | 0.5243 | 0.5960 | 0.113* | |
Cl1 | 0.13951 (4) | 0.22028 (4) | 0.30242 (3) | 0.03044 (12) | |
Cl2 | 0.41799 (4) | 0.10935 (4) | 0.16801 (3) | 0.03081 (12) | |
K1 | 0.50845 (4) | 0.41900 (4) | 0.37186 (4) | 0.04415 (15) | |
N1 | 0.22338 (12) | 0.03510 (10) | 0.24940 (10) | 0.0244 (3) | |
N2 | 0.35692 (13) | 0.15473 (11) | 0.35110 (10) | 0.0237 (3) | |
N3 | 0.33002 (13) | 0.30200 (12) | 0.22761 (10) | 0.0248 (4) | |
O1 | 0.20921 (12) | 0.18554 (9) | 0.13205 (9) | 0.0300 (3) | |
O2 | 0.46524 (17) | 0.44120 (19) | 0.52020 (15) | 0.0667 (7) | |
Zr1 | 0.283872 (13) | 0.166257 (11) | 0.244985 (10) | 0.02106 (5) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
C1 | 0.0240 (10) | 0.0298 (10) | 0.0255 (11) | −0.0053 (8) | 0.0003 (8) | −0.0021 (8) |
C2 | 0.0284 (12) | 0.0330 (12) | 0.0391 (13) | −0.0047 (10) | −0.0029 (10) | 0.0010 (10) |
C3 | 0.0277 (12) | 0.0472 (15) | 0.0466 (15) | −0.0051 (11) | −0.0072 (11) | 0.0000 (12) |
C4 | 0.0294 (13) | 0.0502 (15) | 0.0464 (15) | −0.0165 (12) | −0.0009 (11) | −0.0040 (12) |
C5 | 0.0331 (12) | 0.0334 (11) | 0.0397 (13) | −0.0117 (9) | 0.0044 (11) | −0.0023 (10) |
C6 | 0.0290 (10) | 0.0316 (10) | 0.0257 (10) | −0.0053 (8) | 0.0033 (10) | −0.0020 (10) |
C7 | 0.0311 (12) | 0.0249 (10) | 0.0249 (9) | −0.0038 (9) | 0.0046 (9) | −0.0007 (8) |
C8 | 0.0439 (15) | 0.0246 (10) | 0.0359 (12) | −0.0045 (9) | 0.0052 (10) | 0.0007 (9) |
C9 | 0.0469 (15) | 0.0263 (11) | 0.0359 (13) | 0.0046 (10) | 0.0013 (11) | 0.0041 (10) |
C10 | 0.0335 (12) | 0.0332 (12) | 0.0319 (12) | 0.0061 (10) | −0.0014 (10) | −0.0012 (9) |
C11 | 0.0283 (11) | 0.0255 (10) | 0.0265 (10) | −0.0002 (9) | −0.0001 (9) | −0.0012 (8) |
C12 | 0.0306 (12) | 0.0215 (9) | 0.0216 (9) | −0.0009 (8) | 0.0017 (8) | −0.0014 (7) |
C13 | 0.0298 (11) | 0.0218 (10) | 0.0254 (10) | 0.0037 (8) | 0.0027 (8) | 0.0002 (8) |
C14 | 0.0314 (12) | 0.0272 (11) | 0.0311 (11) | 0.0011 (9) | 0.0018 (9) | 0.0006 (8) |
C15 | 0.0342 (13) | 0.0378 (13) | 0.0370 (12) | 0.0033 (11) | 0.0082 (10) | 0.0042 (10) |
C16 | 0.0502 (16) | 0.0453 (14) | 0.0253 (11) | 0.0108 (12) | 0.0084 (10) | 0.0054 (10) |
C17 | 0.0462 (15) | 0.0409 (13) | 0.0255 (11) | 0.0100 (12) | −0.0025 (10) | 0.0011 (10) |
C18 | 0.0329 (12) | 0.0254 (10) | 0.0257 (10) | 0.0062 (9) | −0.0011 (9) | −0.0019 (8) |
C19 | 0.0323 (12) | 0.0233 (10) | 0.0288 (10) | 0.0036 (9) | −0.0041 (8) | −0.0033 (8) |
C20 | 0.0381 (14) | 0.0329 (12) | 0.0338 (12) | 0.0052 (10) | −0.0105 (10) | −0.0065 (9) |
C21 | 0.0309 (12) | 0.0281 (11) | 0.0471 (14) | −0.0001 (9) | −0.0123 (10) | −0.0053 (10) |
C22 | 0.0291 (12) | 0.0279 (11) | 0.0454 (14) | −0.0041 (9) | −0.0038 (10) | 0.0013 (10) |
C23 | 0.0304 (12) | 0.0248 (10) | 0.0342 (11) | −0.0043 (9) | −0.0028 (9) | 0.0004 (9) |
C24 | 0.0261 (11) | 0.0195 (10) | 0.0299 (10) | 0.0009 (8) | −0.0039 (8) | −0.0005 (8) |
C25 | 0.0235 (10) | 0.0217 (9) | 0.0336 (11) | −0.0007 (8) | −0.0062 (8) | −0.0037 (8) |
C26 | 0.0289 (12) | 0.0293 (10) | 0.0340 (11) | −0.0006 (9) | −0.0047 (10) | −0.0040 (8) |
C27 | 0.0343 (12) | 0.0414 (13) | 0.0343 (12) | 0.0030 (11) | −0.0037 (11) | −0.0098 (10) |
C28 | 0.0420 (15) | 0.0313 (12) | 0.0506 (15) | 0.0045 (11) | −0.0056 (12) | −0.0177 (11) |
C29 | 0.0413 (14) | 0.0208 (11) | 0.0535 (16) | 0.0000 (10) | −0.0063 (12) | −0.0052 (10) |
C30 | 0.0271 (10) | 0.0244 (9) | 0.0413 (12) | −0.0011 (8) | −0.0054 (11) | 0.0008 (10) |
C31 | 0.0268 (11) | 0.0236 (10) | 0.0403 (12) | 0.0013 (9) | −0.0032 (10) | 0.0032 (9) |
C32 | 0.0381 (14) | 0.0258 (11) | 0.0529 (16) | −0.0036 (10) | 0.0020 (12) | 0.0116 (11) |
C33 | 0.0426 (15) | 0.0405 (14) | 0.0462 (15) | −0.0040 (12) | 0.0041 (12) | 0.0171 (12) |
C34 | 0.0395 (14) | 0.0459 (14) | 0.0324 (12) | −0.0032 (11) | 0.0054 (10) | 0.0049 (11) |
C35 | 0.0316 (12) | 0.0321 (12) | 0.0326 (12) | −0.0050 (9) | 0.0016 (10) | 0.0007 (9) |
C36 | 0.0220 (10) | 0.0251 (10) | 0.0316 (11) | −0.0029 (8) | −0.0014 (8) | 0.0034 (9) |
C37 | 0.0556 (17) | 0.0456 (15) | 0.0294 (11) | −0.0098 (14) | −0.0079 (13) | −0.0059 (10) |
C38 | 0.080 (3) | 0.069 (2) | 0.0518 (19) | −0.0086 (19) | −0.0303 (18) | 0.0003 (16) |
C39 | 0.072 (2) | 0.071 (2) | 0.0535 (19) | −0.0071 (19) | −0.0291 (18) | 0.0200 (17) |
C40 | 0.0368 (14) | 0.0394 (13) | 0.0485 (15) | 0.0031 (11) | −0.0119 (12) | 0.0123 (11) |
C41 | 0.124 (4) | 0.077 (3) | 0.075 (3) | 0.054 (3) | −0.003 (3) | −0.001 (2) |
C42 | 0.095 (3) | 0.106 (4) | 0.079 (3) | −0.018 (3) | 0.000 (3) | −0.008 (3) |
C43 | 0.087 (3) | 0.100 (4) | 0.107 (4) | 0.026 (3) | −0.018 (3) | −0.052 (3) |
C44 | 0.064 (3) | 0.105 (4) | 0.114 (4) | −0.015 (3) | 0.000 (3) | −0.045 (3) |
Cl1 | 0.0250 (3) | 0.0285 (3) | 0.0378 (3) | 0.0036 (2) | 0.0015 (2) | −0.0010 (2) |
Cl2 | 0.0300 (3) | 0.0300 (3) | 0.0324 (3) | 0.0040 (2) | 0.0045 (2) | −0.0005 (2) |
K1 | 0.0364 (3) | 0.0373 (3) | 0.0588 (4) | −0.0032 (2) | −0.0063 (3) | −0.0051 (3) |
N1 | 0.0227 (8) | 0.0231 (7) | 0.0274 (8) | −0.0021 (6) | −0.0034 (9) | −0.0010 (7) |
N2 | 0.0248 (9) | 0.0216 (8) | 0.0247 (8) | −0.0005 (7) | −0.0006 (7) | 0.0004 (7) |
N3 | 0.0255 (9) | 0.0226 (8) | 0.0263 (9) | −0.0013 (7) | −0.0014 (7) | 0.0001 (7) |
O1 | 0.0307 (8) | 0.0247 (7) | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0002 (7) | −0.0053 (7) | 0.0010 (6) |
O2 | 0.0488 (14) | 0.0867 (18) | 0.0646 (15) | 0.0081 (13) | −0.0056 (11) | −0.0115 (14) |
Zr1 | 0.02106 (9) | 0.01881 (8) | 0.02332 (9) | −0.00083 (7) | −0.00184 (8) | 0.00011 (7) |
C1—C2 | 1.397 (3) | C27—K1 | 3.221 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.403 (3) | C27—H27 | 0.9500 |
C1—N1 | 1.412 (3) | C28—C29 | 1.375 (4) |
C2—C3 | 1.380 (3) | C28—K1 | 3.302 (3) |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | C28—H28 | 0.9500 |
C3—C4 | 1.388 (4) | C29—C30 | 1.402 (3) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | C29—K1 | 3.331 (3) |
C4—C5 | 1.374 (4) | C29—H29 | 0.9500 |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | C30—C31 | 1.434 (4) |
C5—C6 | 1.393 (3) | C30—K1 | 3.263 (2) |
C5—H5 | 0.9500 | C31—C32 | 1.398 (3) |
C6—C7 | 1.441 (3) | C31—C36 | 1.412 (3) |
C7—C8 | 1.402 (3) | C32—C33 | 1.368 (4) |
C7—C12 | 1.414 (3) | C32—H32 | 0.9500 |
C8—C9 | 1.377 (4) | C33—C34 | 1.392 (4) |
C8—H8 | 0.9500 | C33—H33 | 0.9500 |
C9—C10 | 1.387 (4) | C34—C35 | 1.382 (3) |
C9—H9 | 0.9500 | C34—H34 | 0.9500 |
C10—C11 | 1.389 (3) | C35—C36 | 1.398 (3) |
C10—H10 | 0.9500 | C35—H35 | 0.9500 |
C11—C12 | 1.396 (3) | C36—N3 | 1.406 (3) |
C11—K1i | 3.509 (2) | C37—O1 | 1.453 (3) |
C11—H11 | 0.9500 | C37—C38 | 1.491 (4) |
C12—N1 | 1.404 (3) | C37—H37A | 0.9900 |
C13—C14 | 1.400 (3) | C37—H37B | 0.9900 |
C13—C18 | 1.408 (3) | C38—C39 | 1.530 (5) |
C13—N2 | 1.418 (3) | C38—H38A | 0.9900 |
C14—C15 | 1.380 (3) | C38—H38B | 0.9900 |
C14—H14 | 0.9500 | C39—C40 | 1.515 (4) |
C15—C16 | 1.385 (4) | C39—H39A | 0.9900 |
C15—K1ii | 3.490 (3) | C39—H39B | 0.9900 |
C15—H15 | 0.9500 | C40—O1 | 1.464 (3) |
C16—C17 | 1.382 (4) | C40—H40A | 0.9900 |
C16—H16 | 0.9500 | C40—H40B | 0.9900 |
C17—C18 | 1.393 (3) | C41—O2 | 1.450 (6) |
C17—H17 | 0.9500 | C41—C42 | 1.456 (7) |
C18—C19 | 1.430 (3) | C41—H41A | 0.9900 |
C19—C20 | 1.397 (3) | C41—H41B | 0.9900 |
C19—C24 | 1.411 (3) | C42—C43 | 1.571 (7) |
C20—C21 | 1.372 (4) | C42—H42A | 0.9900 |
C20—H20 | 0.9500 | C42—H42B | 0.9900 |
C21—C22 | 1.394 (4) | C43—C44 | 1.462 (7) |
C21—H21 | 0.9500 | C43—H43A | 0.9900 |
C22—C23 | 1.396 (3) | C43—H43B | 0.9900 |
C22—K1 | 3.147 (3) | C44—O2 | 1.380 (5) |
C22—H22 | 0.9500 | C44—H44A | 0.9900 |
C23—C24 | 1.387 (3) | C44—H44B | 0.9900 |
C23—K1 | 3.268 (2) | Cl1—Zr1 | 2.4276 (7) |
C23—H23 | 0.9500 | Cl2—Zr1 | 2.4914 (6) |
C24—N2 | 1.415 (3) | Cl2—K1i | 3.2036 (9) |
C25—C26 | 1.396 (3) | K1—O2 | 2.696 (3) |
C25—N3 | 1.407 (3) | K1—Cl2iii | 3.2036 (9) |
C25—C30 | 1.420 (3) | K1—C15iv | 3.490 (3) |
C25—K1 | 3.202 (2) | K1—C11iii | 3.509 (2) |
C26—C27 | 1.395 (3) | N1—Zr1 | 2.2056 (16) |
C26—K1 | 3.167 (3) | N2—Zr1 | 2.1374 (18) |
C26—H26 | 0.9500 | N3—Zr1 | 2.2224 (18) |
C27—C28 | 1.397 (4) | O1—Zr1 | 2.2659 (16) |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.5 (2) | C38—C37—H37B | 110.6 |
C2—C1—N1 | 128.8 (2) | H37A—C37—H37B | 108.8 |
C6—C1—N1 | 111.60 (19) | C37—C38—C39 | 101.4 (3) |
C3—C2—C1 | 118.5 (2) | C37—C38—H38A | 111.5 |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.7 | C39—C38—H38A | 111.5 |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.7 | C37—C38—H38B | 111.5 |
C2—C3—C4 | 121.8 (3) | C39—C38—H38B | 111.5 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.1 | H38A—C38—H38B | 109.3 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.1 | C40—C39—C38 | 103.4 (3) |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.3 (2) | C40—C39—H39A | 111.1 |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.9 | C38—C39—H39A | 111.1 |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.9 | C40—C39—H39B | 111.1 |
C4—C5—C6 | 118.9 (2) | C38—C39—H39B | 111.1 |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.6 | H39A—C39—H39B | 109.0 |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.6 | O1—C40—C39 | 103.0 (2) |
C5—C6—C1 | 121.0 (2) | O1—C40—H40A | 111.2 |
C5—C6—C7 | 132.8 (2) | C39—C40—H40A | 111.2 |
C1—C6—C7 | 106.23 (18) | O1—C40—H40B | 111.2 |
C8—C7—C12 | 121.0 (2) | C39—C40—H40B | 111.2 |
C8—C7—C6 | 132.8 (2) | H40A—C40—H40B | 109.1 |
C12—C7—C6 | 106.19 (19) | O2—C41—C42 | 107.8 (3) |
C9—C8—C7 | 118.5 (2) | O2—C41—H41A | 110.1 |
C9—C8—H8 | 120.8 | C42—C41—H41A | 110.1 |
C7—C8—H8 | 120.8 | O2—C41—H41B | 110.1 |
C8—C9—C10 | 120.8 (2) | C42—C41—H41B | 110.1 |
C8—C9—H9 | 119.6 | H41A—C41—H41B | 108.5 |
C10—C9—H9 | 119.6 | C41—C42—C43 | 101.7 (4) |
C9—C10—C11 | 121.7 (2) | C41—C42—H42A | 111.4 |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.2 | C43—C42—H42A | 111.4 |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.2 | C41—C42—H42B | 111.4 |
C10—C11—C12 | 118.6 (2) | C43—C42—H42B | 111.4 |
C10—C11—K1i | 88.92 (14) | H42A—C42—H42B | 109.3 |
C12—C11—K1i | 106.05 (13) | C44—C43—C42 | 105.6 (4) |
C10—C11—H11 | 120.7 | C44—C43—H43A | 110.6 |
C12—C11—H11 | 120.7 | C42—C43—H43A | 110.6 |
K1i—C11—H11 | 75.4 | C44—C43—H43B | 110.6 |
C11—C12—N1 | 129.30 (19) | C42—C43—H43B | 110.6 |
C11—C12—C7 | 119.4 (2) | H43A—C43—H43B | 108.7 |
N1—C12—C7 | 111.35 (19) | O2—C44—C43 | 103.6 (4) |
C14—C13—C18 | 120.2 (2) | O2—C44—H44A | 111.0 |
C14—C13—N2 | 128.7 (2) | C43—C44—H44A | 111.0 |
C18—C13—N2 | 111.11 (19) | O2—C44—H44B | 111.0 |
C15—C14—C13 | 117.4 (2) | C43—C44—H44B | 111.0 |
C15—C14—H14 | 121.3 | H44A—C44—H44B | 109.0 |
C13—C14—H14 | 121.3 | Zr1—Cl2—K1i | 133.76 (2) |
C14—C15—C16 | 122.6 (2) | O2—K1—C22 | 106.72 (8) |
C14—C15—K1ii | 139.40 (18) | O2—K1—C26 | 83.68 (7) |
C16—C15—K1ii | 89.65 (16) | C22—K1—C26 | 99.50 (6) |
C14—C15—H15 | 118.7 | O2—K1—C25 | 108.59 (7) |
C16—C15—H15 | 118.7 | C22—K1—C25 | 96.14 (6) |
C17—C16—C15 | 120.4 (2) | C26—K1—C25 | 25.32 (6) |
C17—C16—H16 | 119.8 | O2—K1—Cl2iii | 99.63 (6) |
C15—C16—H16 | 119.8 | C22—K1—Cl2iii | 131.73 (5) |
C16—C17—C18 | 118.3 (2) | C26—K1—Cl2iii | 123.35 (5) |
C16—C17—H17 | 120.8 | C25—K1—Cl2iii | 112.89 (5) |
C18—C17—H17 | 120.8 | O2—K1—C27 | 67.40 (7) |
C17—C18—C13 | 120.9 (2) | C22—K1—C27 | 121.74 (7) |
C17—C18—C19 | 132.6 (2) | C26—K1—C27 | 25.21 (6) |
C13—C18—C19 | 106.53 (19) | C25—K1—C27 | 43.85 (6) |
C20—C19—C24 | 120.4 (2) | Cl2iii—K1—C27 | 105.48 (5) |
C20—C19—C18 | 132.7 (2) | O2—K1—C30 | 116.94 (7) |
C24—C19—C18 | 106.9 (2) | C22—K1—C30 | 113.77 (6) |
C21—C20—C19 | 119.1 (2) | C26—K1—C30 | 44.54 (6) |
C21—C20—H20 | 120.4 | C25—K1—C30 | 25.35 (6) |
C19—C20—H20 | 120.4 | Cl2iii—K1—C30 | 87.61 (4) |
C20—C21—C22 | 120.4 (2) | C27—K1—C30 | 50.60 (6) |
C20—C21—H21 | 119.8 | O2—K1—C23 | 112.30 (8) |
C22—C21—H21 | 119.8 | C22—K1—C23 | 25.05 (6) |
C21—C22—C23 | 121.7 (2) | C26—K1—C23 | 76.08 (6) |
C21—C22—K1 | 94.70 (16) | C25—K1—C23 | 71.17 (6) |
C23—C22—K1 | 82.35 (14) | Cl2iii—K1—C23 | 144.87 (5) |
C21—C22—H22 | 119.1 | C27—K1—C23 | 100.19 (6) |
C23—C22—H22 | 119.1 | C30—K1—C23 | 90.55 (6) |
K1—C22—H22 | 93.0 | O2—K1—C28 | 76.31 (7) |
C24—C23—C22 | 117.9 (2) | C22—K1—C28 | 143.56 (7) |
C24—C23—K1 | 99.22 (14) | C26—K1—C28 | 44.14 (6) |
C22—C23—K1 | 72.60 (14) | C25—K1—C28 | 50.71 (6) |
C24—C23—H23 | 121.0 | Cl2iii—K1—C28 | 81.36 (5) |
C22—C23—H23 | 121.0 | C27—K1—C28 | 24.70 (7) |
K1—C23—H23 | 97.7 | C30—K1—C28 | 42.74 (6) |
C23—C24—C19 | 120.4 (2) | C23—K1—C28 | 119.29 (6) |
C23—C24—N2 | 128.8 (2) | O2—K1—C29 | 99.74 (8) |
C19—C24—N2 | 110.8 (2) | C22—K1—C29 | 138.12 (7) |
C26—C25—N3 | 129.0 (2) | C26—K1—C29 | 51.50 (6) |
C26—C25—C30 | 120.0 (2) | C25—K1—C29 | 43.96 (6) |
N3—C25—C30 | 110.9 (2) | Cl2iii—K1—C29 | 72.50 (5) |
C26—C25—K1 | 75.96 (13) | C27—K1—C29 | 43.15 (7) |
N3—C25—K1 | 115.26 (14) | C30—K1—C29 | 24.52 (6) |
C30—C25—K1 | 79.76 (13) | C23—K1—C29 | 114.11 (6) |
C27—C26—C25 | 118.5 (2) | C28—K1—C29 | 23.92 (7) |
C27—C26—K1 | 79.55 (15) | O2—K1—C15iv | 65.59 (7) |
C25—C26—K1 | 78.73 (14) | C22—K1—C15iv | 75.40 (6) |
C27—C26—H26 | 120.8 | C26—K1—C15iv | 145.04 (6) |
C25—C26—H26 | 120.8 | C25—K1—C15iv | 166.98 (6) |
K1—C26—H26 | 111.6 | Cl2iii—K1—C15iv | 79.98 (4) |
C26—C27—C28 | 121.3 (2) | C27—K1—C15iv | 132.91 (7) |
C26—C27—K1 | 75.23 (15) | C30—K1—C15iv | 167.59 (6) |
C28—C27—K1 | 80.90 (16) | C23—K1—C15iv | 99.68 (6) |
C26—C27—H27 | 119.4 | C28—K1—C15iv | 133.59 (7) |
C28—C27—H27 | 119.4 | C29—K1—C15iv | 146.21 (6) |
K1—C27—H27 | 114.9 | O2—K1—C11iii | 156.44 (7) |
C29—C28—C27 | 120.9 (2) | C22—K1—C11iii | 80.15 (6) |
C29—C28—K1 | 79.24 (16) | C26—K1—C11iii | 117.98 (6) |
C27—C28—K1 | 74.40 (16) | C25—K1—C11iii | 92.66 (6) |
C29—C28—H28 | 119.6 | Cl2iii—K1—C11iii | 61.59 (4) |
C27—C28—H28 | 119.6 | C27—K1—C11iii | 128.79 (6) |
K1—C28—H28 | 117.5 | C30—K1—C11iii | 78.51 (6) |
C28—C29—C30 | 119.0 (2) | C23—K1—C11iii | 83.66 (6) |
C28—C29—K1 | 76.83 (16) | C28—K1—C11iii | 111.89 (7) |
C30—C29—K1 | 75.02 (14) | C29—K1—C11iii | 88.39 (7) |
C28—C29—H29 | 120.5 | C15iv—K1—C11iii | 95.54 (6) |
C30—C29—H29 | 120.5 | C12—N1—C1 | 104.62 (16) |
K1—C29—H29 | 118.6 | C12—N1—Zr1 | 126.16 (13) |
C29—C30—C25 | 120.4 (2) | C1—N1—Zr1 | 128.92 (14) |
C29—C30—C31 | 133.1 (2) | C24—N2—C13 | 104.55 (17) |
C25—C30—C31 | 106.5 (2) | C24—N2—Zr1 | 129.45 (14) |
C29—C30—K1 | 80.47 (15) | C13—N2—Zr1 | 125.46 (14) |
C25—C30—K1 | 74.90 (13) | C25—N3—C36 | 104.88 (18) |
C31—C30—K1 | 116.32 (15) | C25—N3—Zr1 | 124.58 (15) |
C32—C31—C36 | 120.6 (2) | C36—N3—Zr1 | 129.31 (14) |
C32—C31—C30 | 133.2 (2) | C37—O1—C40 | 110.63 (19) |
C36—C31—C30 | 106.16 (19) | C37—O1—Zr1 | 121.70 (15) |
C33—C32—C31 | 119.1 (2) | C40—O1—Zr1 | 127.54 (14) |
C33—C32—H32 | 120.4 | C44—O2—C41 | 107.8 (3) |
C31—C32—H32 | 120.4 | C44—O2—K1 | 128.6 (3) |
C32—C33—C34 | 120.4 (2) | C41—O2—K1 | 123.0 (2) |
C32—C33—H33 | 119.8 | N2—Zr1—N1 | 94.61 (7) |
C34—C33—H33 | 119.8 | N2—Zr1—N3 | 93.23 (7) |
C35—C34—C33 | 121.7 (3) | N1—Zr1—N3 | 171.90 (7) |
C35—C34—H34 | 119.2 | N2—Zr1—O1 | 177.06 (6) |
C33—C34—H34 | 119.2 | N1—Zr1—O1 | 88.34 (6) |
C34—C35—C36 | 118.6 (2) | N3—Zr1—O1 | 83.83 (6) |
C34—C35—H35 | 120.7 | N2—Zr1—Cl1 | 94.27 (5) |
C36—C35—H35 | 120.7 | N1—Zr1—Cl1 | 88.62 (5) |
C35—C36—N3 | 129.0 (2) | N3—Zr1—Cl1 | 88.77 (5) |
C35—C36—C31 | 119.4 (2) | O1—Zr1—Cl1 | 85.69 (5) |
N3—C36—C31 | 111.5 (2) | N2—Zr1—Cl2 | 94.24 (5) |
O1—C37—C38 | 105.5 (3) | N1—Zr1—Cl2 | 89.39 (5) |
O1—C37—H37A | 110.6 | N3—Zr1—Cl2 | 92.07 (5) |
C38—C37—H37A | 110.6 | O1—Zr1—Cl2 | 85.87 (5) |
O1—C37—H37B | 110.6 | Cl1—Zr1—Cl2 | 171.38 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 0.2 (4) | C28—C27—K1—C30 | −60.75 (14) |
N1—C1—C2—C3 | 177.2 (2) | C26—C27—K1—C23 | −17.13 (15) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 0.3 (4) | C28—C27—K1—C23 | −143.00 (15) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.4 (4) | C26—C27—K1—C28 | 125.9 (2) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 0.1 (4) | C26—C27—K1—C29 | 97.40 (16) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 0.3 (4) | C28—C27—K1—C29 | −28.46 (14) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −177.1 (3) | C26—C27—K1—C15iv | −130.73 (14) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.5 (3) | C28—C27—K1—C15iv | 103.41 (16) |
N1—C1—C6—C5 | −178.0 (2) | C26—C27—K1—C11iii | 72.90 (17) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | 177.6 (2) | C28—C27—K1—C11iii | −52.97 (16) |
N1—C1—C6—C7 | 0.0 (3) | C29—C30—K1—O2 | 48.94 (18) |
C5—C6—C7—C8 | −2.1 (5) | C25—C30—K1—O2 | −76.25 (16) |
C1—C6—C7—C8 | −179.8 (2) | C31—C30—K1—O2 | −177.47 (15) |
C5—C6—C7—C12 | 177.0 (3) | C29—C30—K1—C22 | 174.14 (15) |
C1—C6—C7—C12 | −0.6 (2) | C25—C30—K1—C22 | 48.95 (16) |
C12—C7—C8—C9 | −0.5 (3) | C31—C30—K1—C22 | −52.27 (17) |
C6—C7—C8—C9 | 178.6 (2) | C29—C30—K1—C26 | 95.11 (17) |
C7—C8—C9—C10 | 0.8 (4) | C25—C30—K1—C26 | −30.08 (13) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.5 (4) | C31—C30—K1—C26 | −131.30 (18) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | −0.2 (4) | C29—C30—K1—C25 | 125.2 (2) |
C9—C10—C11—K1i | −108.0 (2) | C31—C30—K1—C25 | −101.2 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—N1 | 179.9 (2) | C29—C30—K1—Cl2iii | −50.65 (15) |
K1i—C11—C12—N1 | −82.4 (2) | C25—C30—K1—Cl2iii | −175.85 (14) |
C10—C11—C12—C7 | 0.6 (3) | C31—C30—K1—Cl2iii | 82.94 (15) |
K1i—C11—C12—C7 | 98.31 (19) | C29—C30—K1—C27 | 61.68 (16) |
C8—C7—C12—C11 | −0.2 (3) | C25—C30—K1—C27 | −63.51 (14) |
C6—C7—C12—C11 | −179.49 (19) | C31—C30—K1—C27 | −164.73 (18) |
C8—C7—C12—N1 | −179.65 (19) | C29—C30—K1—C23 | 164.45 (16) |
C6—C7—C12—N1 | 1.1 (2) | C25—C30—K1—C23 | 39.25 (14) |
C18—C13—C14—C15 | 2.7 (3) | C31—C30—K1—C23 | −61.96 (16) |
N2—C13—C14—C15 | −178.1 (2) | C29—C30—K1—C28 | 29.18 (15) |
C13—C14—C15—C16 | 0.6 (4) | C25—C30—K1—C28 | −96.01 (17) |
C13—C14—C15—K1ii | 138.0 (2) | C31—C30—K1—C28 | 162.8 (2) |
C14—C15—C16—C17 | −2.8 (4) | C25—C30—K1—C29 | −125.2 (2) |
K1ii—C15—C16—C17 | −156.6 (2) | C31—C30—K1—C29 | 133.6 (2) |
C15—C16—C17—C18 | 1.5 (4) | C29—C30—K1—C15iv | −49.9 (4) |
C16—C17—C18—C13 | 1.9 (4) | C25—C30—K1—C15iv | −175.1 (3) |
C16—C17—C18—C19 | −178.3 (2) | C31—C30—K1—C15iv | 83.7 (3) |
C14—C13—C18—C17 | −4.0 (3) | C29—C30—K1—C11iii | −112.13 (16) |
N2—C13—C18—C17 | 176.7 (2) | C25—C30—K1—C11iii | 122.67 (14) |
C14—C13—C18—C19 | 176.09 (19) | C31—C30—K1—C11iii | 21.46 (15) |
N2—C13—C18—C19 | −3.2 (2) | C24—C23—K1—O2 | 34.75 (16) |
C17—C18—C19—C20 | 3.5 (5) | C22—C23—K1—O2 | −81.77 (16) |
C13—C18—C19—C20 | −176.7 (2) | C24—C23—K1—C22 | 116.5 (2) |
C17—C18—C19—C24 | −177.6 (3) | C24—C23—K1—C26 | −42.29 (14) |
C13—C18—C19—C24 | 2.2 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C26 | −158.81 (16) |
C24—C19—C20—C21 | 0.1 (3) | C24—C23—K1—C25 | −68.20 (14) |
C18—C19—C20—C21 | 178.9 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C25 | 175.28 (16) |
C19—C20—C21—C22 | 0.7 (4) | C24—C23—K1—Cl2iii | −171.47 (11) |
C20—C21—C22—C23 | −0.5 (4) | C22—C23—K1—Cl2iii | 72.01 (17) |
C20—C21—C22—K1 | 83.4 (2) | C24—C23—K1—C27 | −34.86 (15) |
C21—C22—C23—C24 | −0.6 (4) | C22—C23—K1—C27 | −151.38 (15) |
K1—C22—C23—C24 | −91.4 (2) | C24—C23—K1—C30 | −84.83 (15) |
C21—C22—C23—K1 | 90.8 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C30 | 158.65 (16) |
C22—C23—C24—C19 | 1.3 (3) | C24—C23—K1—C28 | −51.62 (16) |
K1—C23—C24—C19 | −73.8 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C28 | −168.14 (15) |
C22—C23—C24—N2 | −178.3 (2) | C24—C23—K1—C29 | −77.83 (16) |
K1—C23—C24—N2 | 106.6 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C29 | 165.65 (15) |
C20—C19—C24—C23 | −1.2 (3) | C24—C23—K1—C15iv | 102.23 (15) |
C18—C19—C24—C23 | 179.8 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C15iv | −14.29 (16) |
C20—C19—C24—N2 | 178.5 (2) | C24—C23—K1—C11iii | −163.20 (15) |
C18—C19—C24—N2 | −0.5 (2) | C22—C23—K1—C11iii | 80.28 (15) |
N3—C25—C26—C27 | −177.2 (2) | C29—C28—K1—O2 | 168.13 (17) |
C30—C25—C26—C27 | 2.3 (3) | C27—C28—K1—O2 | −65.35 (15) |
K1—C25—C26—C27 | 71.4 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C22 | −92.16 (19) |
N3—C25—C26—K1 | 111.3 (2) | C27—C28—K1—C22 | 34.4 (2) |
C30—C25—C26—K1 | −69.1 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C26 | −96.80 (16) |
C25—C26—C27—C28 | −1.5 (4) | C27—C28—K1—C26 | 29.72 (13) |
K1—C26—C27—C28 | 69.4 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C25 | −63.31 (15) |
C25—C26—C27—K1 | −71.0 (2) | C27—C28—K1—C25 | 63.20 (14) |
C26—C27—C28—C29 | 0.4 (4) | C29—C28—K1—Cl2iii | 65.94 (15) |
K1—C27—C28—C29 | 66.9 (3) | C27—C28—K1—Cl2iii | −167.55 (15) |
C26—C27—C28—K1 | −66.5 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C27 | −126.5 (2) |
C27—C28—C29—C30 | −0.1 (4) | C29—C28—K1—C30 | −29.93 (13) |
K1—C28—C29—C30 | 64.3 (2) | C27—C28—K1—C30 | 96.58 (16) |
C27—C28—C29—K1 | −64.4 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C23 | −83.74 (16) |
C28—C29—C30—C25 | 0.8 (4) | C27—C28—K1—C23 | 42.78 (17) |
K1—C29—C30—C25 | 66.1 (2) | C27—C28—K1—C29 | 126.5 (2) |
C28—C29—C30—C31 | 177.4 (3) | C29—C28—K1—C15iv | 133.13 (14) |
K1—C29—C30—C31 | −117.3 (3) | C27—C28—K1—C15iv | −100.36 (15) |
C28—C29—C30—K1 | −65.3 (2) | C29—C28—K1—C11iii | 11.37 (16) |
C26—C25—C30—C29 | −2.0 (3) | C27—C28—K1—C11iii | 137.88 (14) |
N3—C25—C30—C29 | 177.6 (2) | C28—C29—K1—O2 | −11.70 (16) |
K1—C25—C30—C29 | −69.1 (2) | C30—C29—K1—O2 | −137.00 (16) |
C26—C25—C30—C31 | −179.4 (2) | C28—C29—K1—C22 | 117.26 (16) |
N3—C25—C30—C31 | 0.2 (3) | C30—C29—K1—C22 | −8.0 (2) |
K1—C25—C30—C31 | 113.52 (16) | C28—C29—K1—C26 | 62.08 (15) |
C26—C25—C30—K1 | 67.1 (2) | C30—C29—K1—C26 | −63.22 (15) |
N3—C25—C30—K1 | −113.28 (17) | C28—C29—K1—C25 | 95.04 (17) |
C29—C30—C31—C32 | 2.7 (5) | C30—C29—K1—C25 | −30.26 (13) |
C25—C30—C31—C32 | 179.6 (3) | C28—C29—K1—Cl2iii | −108.81 (15) |
K1—C30—C31—C32 | −99.4 (3) | C30—C29—K1—Cl2iii | 125.89 (16) |
C29—C30—C31—C36 | −176.9 (3) | C28—C29—K1—C27 | 29.42 (14) |
C25—C30—C31—C36 | 0.0 (3) | C30—C29—K1—C27 | −95.89 (17) |
K1—C30—C31—C36 | 81.0 (2) | C28—C29—K1—C30 | 125.3 (2) |
C36—C31—C32—C33 | 1.6 (4) | C28—C29—K1—C23 | 108.22 (15) |
C30—C31—C32—C33 | −177.9 (3) | C30—C29—K1—C23 | −17.08 (17) |
C31—C32—C33—C34 | −1.1 (4) | C30—C29—K1—C28 | −125.3 (2) |
C32—C33—C34—C35 | −0.5 (4) | C28—C29—K1—C15iv | −71.9 (2) |
C33—C34—C35—C36 | 1.5 (4) | C30—C29—K1—C15iv | 162.82 (14) |
C34—C35—C36—N3 | 178.2 (2) | C28—C29—K1—C11iii | −169.45 (15) |
C34—C35—C36—C31 | −0.9 (4) | C30—C29—K1—C11iii | 65.24 (15) |
C32—C31—C36—C35 | −0.6 (4) | C11—C12—N1—C1 | 179.6 (2) |
C30—C31—C36—C35 | 179.0 (2) | C7—C12—N1—C1 | −1.1 (2) |
C32—C31—C36—N3 | −179.9 (2) | C11—C12—N1—Zr1 | −6.3 (3) |
C30—C31—C36—N3 | −0.3 (3) | C7—C12—N1—Zr1 | 173.07 (14) |
O1—C37—C38—C39 | 32.8 (4) | C2—C1—N1—C12 | −176.6 (2) |
C37—C38—C39—C40 | −40.2 (4) | C6—C1—N1—C12 | 0.6 (2) |
C38—C39—C40—O1 | 32.2 (3) | C2—C1—N1—Zr1 | 9.5 (3) |
O2—C41—C42—C43 | −7.9 (5) | C6—C1—N1—Zr1 | −173.27 (15) |
C41—C42—C43—C44 | −14.1 (5) | C23—C24—N2—C13 | 178.3 (2) |
C42—C43—C44—O2 | 31.7 (5) | C19—C24—N2—C13 | −1.3 (2) |
C21—C22—K1—O2 | −14.38 (18) | C23—C24—N2—Zr1 | −9.9 (3) |
C23—C22—K1—O2 | 107.04 (15) | C19—C24—N2—Zr1 | 170.49 (14) |
C21—C22—K1—C26 | −100.58 (16) | C14—C13—N2—C24 | −176.4 (2) |
C23—C22—K1—C26 | 20.84 (16) | C18—C13—N2—C24 | 2.8 (2) |
C21—C22—K1—C25 | −125.91 (16) | C14—C13—N2—Zr1 | 11.3 (3) |
C23—C22—K1—C25 | −4.49 (16) | C18—C13—N2—Zr1 | −169.45 (14) |
C21—C22—K1—Cl2iii | 105.76 (16) | C26—C25—N3—C36 | 179.2 (2) |
C23—C22—K1—Cl2iii | −132.82 (13) | C30—C25—N3—C36 | −0.4 (2) |
C21—C22—K1—C27 | −87.76 (17) | K1—C25—N3—C36 | −88.71 (17) |
C23—C22—K1—C27 | 33.67 (18) | C26—C25—N3—Zr1 | 10.8 (3) |
C21—C22—K1—C30 | −144.86 (15) | C30—C25—N3—Zr1 | −168.74 (15) |
C23—C22—K1—C30 | −23.44 (17) | K1—C25—N3—Zr1 | 102.97 (15) |
C21—C22—K1—C23 | −121.4 (2) | C35—C36—N3—C25 | −178.8 (2) |
C21—C22—K1—C28 | −103.85 (18) | C31—C36—N3—C25 | 0.5 (2) |
C23—C22—K1—C28 | 17.6 (2) | C35—C36—N3—Zr1 | −11.2 (3) |
C21—C22—K1—C29 | −141.22 (16) | C31—C36—N3—Zr1 | 168.01 (16) |
C23—C22—K1—C29 | −19.8 (2) | C38—C37—O1—C40 | −13.5 (3) |
C21—C22—K1—C15iv | 44.01 (16) | C38—C37—O1—Zr1 | 162.5 (2) |
C23—C22—K1—C15iv | 165.44 (16) | C39—C40—O1—C37 | −12.1 (3) |
C21—C22—K1—C11iii | 142.44 (17) | C39—C40—O1—Zr1 | 172.23 (19) |
C23—C22—K1—C11iii | −96.14 (15) | C43—C44—O2—C41 | −37.7 (5) |
C27—C26—K1—O2 | 47.73 (15) | C43—C44—O2—K1 | 133.3 (4) |
C25—C26—K1—O2 | 169.80 (14) | C42—C41—O2—C44 | 29.3 (5) |
C27—C26—K1—C22 | 153.69 (15) | C42—C41—O2—K1 | −142.4 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C22 | −84.24 (14) | C22—K1—O2—C44 | 151.4 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C25 | −122.1 (2) | C26—K1—O2—C44 | −110.5 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—Cl2iii | −49.66 (16) | C25—K1—O2—C44 | −106.0 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—Cl2iii | 72.41 (14) | Cl2iii—K1—O2—C44 | 12.3 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C27 | 122.1 (2) | C27—K1—O2—C44 | −90.6 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C30 | −91.95 (16) | C30—K1—O2—C44 | −79.9 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C30 | 30.12 (12) | C23—K1—O2—C44 | 177.4 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C23 | 162.62 (16) | C28—K1—O2—C44 | −66.3 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C23 | −75.31 (13) | C29—K1—O2—C44 | −61.4 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C28 | −29.10 (14) | C15iv—K1—O2—C44 | 86.6 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C28 | 92.97 (16) | C11iii—K1—O2—C44 | 47.4 (4) |
C27—C26—K1—C29 | −60.07 (15) | C22—K1—O2—C41 | −38.8 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C29 | 62.00 (14) | C26—K1—O2—C41 | 59.3 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C15iv | 75.62 (18) | C25—K1—O2—C41 | 63.9 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C15iv | −162.31 (13) | Cl2iii—K1—O2—C41 | −177.9 (3) |
C27—C26—K1—C11iii | −122.48 (14) | C27—K1—O2—C41 | 79.3 (3) |
C25—C26—K1—C11iii | −0.41 (15) | C30—K1—O2—C41 | 89.9 (3) |
C26—C25—K1—O2 | −10.70 (15) | C23—K1—O2—C41 | −12.8 (3) |
N3—C25—K1—O2 | −137.57 (16) | C28—K1—O2—C41 | 103.6 (3) |
C30—C25—K1—O2 | 113.99 (15) | C29—K1—O2—C41 | 108.4 (3) |
C26—C25—K1—C22 | 99.27 (14) | C15iv—K1—O2—C41 | −103.6 (3) |
N3—C25—K1—C22 | −27.60 (17) | C11iii—K1—O2—C41 | −142.8 (3) |
C30—C25—K1—C22 | −136.04 (14) | C24—N2—Zr1—N1 | 139.20 (17) |
N3—C25—K1—C26 | −126.9 (2) | C13—N2—Zr1—N1 | −50.51 (17) |
C30—C25—K1—C26 | 124.7 (2) | C24—N2—Zr1—N3 | −42.84 (18) |
C26—C25—K1—Cl2iii | −120.19 (13) | C13—N2—Zr1—N3 | 127.45 (17) |
N3—C25—K1—Cl2iii | 112.94 (15) | C24—N2—Zr1—Cl1 | −131.85 (17) |
C30—C25—K1—Cl2iii | 4.50 (15) | C13—N2—Zr1—Cl1 | 38.44 (16) |
C26—C25—K1—C27 | −31.40 (13) | C24—N2—Zr1—Cl2 | 49.48 (17) |
N3—C25—K1—C27 | −158.3 (2) | C13—N2—Zr1—Cl2 | −140.24 (16) |
C30—C25—K1—C27 | 93.29 (16) | C12—N1—Zr1—N2 | −39.25 (17) |
C26—C25—K1—C30 | −124.7 (2) | C1—N1—Zr1—N2 | 133.44 (18) |
N3—C25—K1—C30 | 108.4 (2) | C12—N1—Zr1—O1 | 140.84 (17) |
C26—C25—K1—C23 | 97.26 (14) | C1—N1—Zr1—O1 | −46.47 (18) |
N3—C25—K1—C23 | −29.61 (15) | C12—N1—Zr1—Cl1 | −133.43 (16) |
C30—C25—K1—C23 | −138.05 (15) | C1—N1—Zr1—Cl1 | 39.26 (17) |
C26—C25—K1—C28 | −63.98 (14) | C12—N1—Zr1—Cl2 | 54.95 (16) |
N3—C25—K1—C28 | 169.1 (2) | C1—N1—Zr1—Cl2 | −132.36 (17) |
C30—C25—K1—C28 | 60.71 (15) | C25—N3—Zr1—N2 | −51.67 (17) |
C26—C25—K1—C29 | −95.44 (16) | C36—N3—Zr1—N2 | 142.97 (19) |
N3—C25—K1—C29 | 137.7 (2) | C25—N3—Zr1—O1 | 128.34 (18) |
C30—C25—K1—C29 | 29.25 (14) | C36—N3—Zr1—O1 | −37.02 (18) |
C26—C25—K1—C15iv | 50.6 (3) | C25—N3—Zr1—Cl1 | 42.54 (17) |
N3—C25—K1—C15iv | −76.3 (3) | C36—N3—Zr1—Cl1 | −122.82 (18) |
C30—C25—K1—C15iv | 175.3 (3) | C25—N3—Zr1—Cl2 | −146.04 (17) |
C26—C25—K1—C11iii | 179.64 (13) | C36—N3—Zr1—Cl2 | 48.60 (18) |
N3—C25—K1—C11iii | 52.77 (16) | C37—O1—Zr1—N1 | −48.06 (19) |
C30—C25—K1—C11iii | −55.67 (14) | C40—O1—Zr1—N1 | 127.22 (19) |
C26—C27—K1—O2 | −127.18 (17) | C37—O1—Zr1—N3 | 133.98 (19) |
C28—C27—K1—O2 | 106.95 (16) | C40—O1—Zr1—N3 | −50.74 (19) |
C26—C27—K1—C22 | −30.93 (17) | C37—O1—Zr1—Cl1 | −136.80 (18) |
C28—C27—K1—C22 | −156.79 (14) | C40—O1—Zr1—Cl1 | 38.49 (18) |
C28—C27—K1—C26 | −125.9 (2) | C37—O1—Zr1—Cl2 | 41.44 (18) |
C26—C27—K1—C25 | 31.54 (13) | C40—O1—Zr1—Cl2 | −143.27 (19) |
C28—C27—K1—C25 | −94.33 (16) | K1i—Cl2—Zr1—N2 | 82.41 (6) |
C26—C27—K1—Cl2iii | 138.65 (14) | K1i—Cl2—Zr1—N1 | −12.16 (6) |
C28—C27—K1—Cl2iii | 12.78 (15) | K1i—Cl2—Zr1—N3 | 175.81 (6) |
C26—C27—K1—C30 | 65.11 (14) | K1i—Cl2—Zr1—O1 | −100.54 (5) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (ii) x−1/2, −y+1/2, −z+1; (iii) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+1/2; (iv) x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [K(C4H8O)][ZrCl2(C12H8N)3(C4H8O)] |
Mr | 844.01 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 173 |
a, b, c (Å) | 14.158 (3), 15.486 (3), 17.548 (3) |
V (Å3) | 3847.4 (13) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.58 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.40 × 0.35 × 0.25 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker AXS CCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.882, 0.890 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 41736, 9248, 8608 |
Rint | 0.029 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.667 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.028, 0.078, 1.07 |
No. of reflections | 9248 |
No. of parameters | 479 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.75, −0.34 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), 5169 Friedel Pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | −0.04 (2) |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker 1997), SAINT (Bruker 1997), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997).
C22—K1 | 3.147 (3) | C30—K1 | 3.263 (2) |
C23—K1 | 3.268 (2) | Cl1—Zr1 | 2.4276 (7) |
C25—K1 | 3.202 (2) | Cl2—Zr1 | 2.4914 (6) |
C26—K1 | 3.167 (3) | N1—Zr1 | 2.2056 (16) |
C27—K1 | 3.221 (3) | N2—Zr1 | 2.1374 (18) |
C28—K1 | 3.302 (3) | N3—Zr1 | 2.2224 (18) |
C29—K1 | 3.331 (3) | O1—Zr1 | 2.2659 (16) |
N2—Zr1—N1 | 94.61 (7) | N3—Zr1—Cl1 | 88.77 (5) |
N2—Zr1—N3 | 93.23 (7) | O1—Zr1—Cl1 | 85.69 (5) |
N1—Zr1—N3 | 171.90 (7) | N2—Zr1—Cl2 | 94.24 (5) |
N2—Zr1—O1 | 177.06 (6) | N1—Zr1—Cl2 | 89.39 (5) |
N1—Zr1—O1 | 88.34 (6) | N3—Zr1—Cl2 | 92.07 (5) |
N3—Zr1—O1 | 83.83 (6) | O1—Zr1—Cl2 | 85.87 (5) |
N2—Zr1—Cl1 | 94.27 (5) | Cl1—Zr1—Cl2 | 171.38 (2) |
N1—Zr1—Cl1 | 88.62 (5) |
Trisamido complexes of transition metals show a wide and varied reactivity, and the synthesis and exploration of this class of compounds has been the focus of considerable research in recent years in the inorganic community (Cummins et al., 1988; Cummins et al., 1991; (Cummins, 1998a; Schrock, 1997). The majority of these complexes contain hard electronic ligands (Cummins, 1998b). Recently, complexes with softer non-innocent ligands have been reported (Tanski & Parkin, 2003).
The electronic properties of the carbazolyl anion should predispose it to non-innocence when acting as a ligand at a transition metal center. Moreover, carbazolyl complexes of the transition metals that are σ-bound are rare (Lopez et al., 2002); most examples (Riley et al., 1998; Riley et al., 1999; Riley et al., 2001) are known for Groups IV and V. In this paper, brief details of the synthesis and full details of the structure of the first carbazolyl zirconium anion, mer-[tris(carbazolyl)-trans-dichloro- (tetrahydrofurano)zirconate] as the potassium thf adduct, (I), are reported. Examination of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD; Allen & Motherwell, 2002; Bruno et al., 2002), revealed that the first coordination sphere, consisting of three N atoms, one O atom and two Cl atoms, is unique in the structural chemistry of zirconium.
The molecular structure of (I) is shown in Fig. 1. Examination of the CSD revealed that the Zr—N bond lengths [Zr—Navg = 2.188 (17) Å] of the carbazolyl ligands are shorter than the mean Zr—N single bond (Zr—Navg = 2.241 Å) reported in the literature, although they are not outside the range of the typical distances. The Zr—Cl bond lengths are well within the typical range of 2.379–2.776 Å (Allen & Motherwell, 2002; Bruno et al., 2002), though the Zr—Cl bond in (I) is slightly shorter than the mean of these distances, i.e. 2.514 Å [Zr—Cl1 = 2.4276 (7) Å and Zr—Cl2 = 2.4914 (6) Å].
There are two close interactions between the potassium cation and two of the carbazolyl ligands. One of the carbazolyl ligands is coordinated in an η6 fashion, and the average distance of this interaction is 3.264 Å. There is also an η2 interaction with a carbazolyl ligand, in which the average distance is 3.198 Å. This type of close interaction between a transition metal anionic complex and the counter-ion is not uncommon. However, the fact that the crystallization from THF does not result in a coordination sphere composed solely of this ether, but rather one composed of a mixture of hard and soft bases (Pearson 1963, 1969), was surprising, given that K+ is considered a hard acid. The mixed nature of the coordination sphere prompted a further examination of the CSD. The search was based on all K+—arene interactions and revealed that potassium may coordinate in an η2, η3 or η6 fashion, with a range of distances, over all hapticities, of 2.856–3.927 Å.
Given the mixed hard–soft coordination sphere, we chose to compare the structure with a soft ion of similar ionic radius and equal formal charge, namely Ag+, an archetypal soft acid. Surprisingly, very few Ag+—arene interactions were found. In the Pearson acid–base classification (Pearson 1963, 1969), K+ is a hard acid, whereas Ag+ is a soft acid; soft bases, such as arene π electron density, would be assumed to bind more strongly to the soft acid than to the hard acid. Moreover, Ag+ is used in chromatographic separations of alkenes and other unsaturated hydrocarbons (Williams & Mander, 2001) because of this interaction of Ag+ with the unsaturated π density, and several salts of Ag+ are soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, in contrast to the K+ congeners. The dearth of structural data on arene—Ag+ and the number of arene—K+ interactions is therefore surprising. We speculate that the formally charge-separated nature of (I), and possibly the distribution of the negative charge in the carbazolyl portion of the anion, may play a role in ensuring that the observed structure is favorable. Theoretical and experimental studies are in progress to explore this possibility.