Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536803000710/fl6014sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536803000710/fl6014Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 204656
The title complex was synthesized in two stages. In the first stage, 10 g of l-phenylalanine (phenala) and an equimolar amount of sodium hydroxide were dissolved in 300 ml of hot water. To this solution was added an equimolar quantity of copper sulfate pentahydrate dissolved in 100 ml of water. The blue–purple [Cu(phenala)2].nH2O compound precipitated on cooling the solution. 6 g of this compound, two mole equivalents of salicylaldehyde, triethylamine (10 ml) and piperidine (10 ml) were refluxed in methanol for 1 h. The hot solution was filtered and allowed to stand until the dark-green product precipitated from solution. X-ray quality crystals were grown by slow evaporation from a methanol–acetonitrile solution.
All H atoms were included in calculated positions with C—H distances ranging from 0.93 to 0.98 Å and N—H distances of 0.91 Å. The H atoms were then included in the refinement using a riding-motion approximation, with Uiso = 1.2Ueq of the carrier atom.
Data collection: XSCANS (Siemens, 1994); cell refinement: XSCANS; data reduction: XSCANS; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
[Cu(C17H14O3)(C4H10N2)] | F(000) = 868 |
Mr = 415.96 | Dx = 1.462 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, Cc | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 8.7002 (9) Å | Cell parameters from 72 reflections |
b = 22.6624 (15) Å | θ = 5.3–14.0° |
c = 9.9711 (8) Å | µ = 1.18 mm−1 |
β = 106.010 (7)° | T = 293 K |
V = 1889.7 (3) Å3 | Chunk, dark green |
Z = 4 | 0.58 × 0.28 × 0.20 mm |
Siemens P4S diffractometer | 2912 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.000 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 32.5°, θmin = 2.8° |
ω scans | h = −13→0 |
Absorption correction: empirical (using intensity measurements) (North et al., 1968) | k = 0→34 |
Tmin = 0.338, Tmax = 0.475 | l = −14→15 |
3692 measured reflections | 3 standard reflections every 97 reflections |
3609 independent reflections | intensity decay: 1% |
Refinement on F2 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
Least-squares matrix: full | H-atom parameters constrained |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0338P)2 + 0.1576P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
wR(F2) = 0.082 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
S = 1.02 | Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3 |
3609 reflections | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
245 parameters | Extinction correction: SHELXL, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
2 restraints | Extinction coefficient: 0.0019 (5) |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure: Flack (1983) |
Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map | Absolute structure parameter: −0.001 (13) |
[Cu(C17H14O3)(C4H10N2)] | V = 1889.7 (3) Å3 |
Mr = 415.96 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, Cc | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 8.7002 (9) Å | µ = 1.18 mm−1 |
b = 22.6624 (15) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 9.9711 (8) Å | 0.58 × 0.28 × 0.20 mm |
β = 106.010 (7)° |
Siemens P4S diffractometer | 2912 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Absorption correction: empirical (using intensity measurements) (North et al., 1968) | Rint = 0.000 |
Tmin = 0.338, Tmax = 0.475 | 3 standard reflections every 97 reflections |
3692 measured reflections | intensity decay: 1% |
3609 independent reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.036 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.082 | Δρmax = 0.21 e Å−3 |
S = 1.02 | Δρmin = −0.21 e Å−3 |
3609 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983) |
245 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: −0.001 (13) |
2 restraints |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Cu | 0.17566 (3) | 0.913602 (14) | 0.10216 (3) | 0.03518 (10) | |
O1 | 0.0359 (3) | 0.88176 (11) | −0.0657 (2) | 0.0458 (5) | |
O2 | 0.2992 (3) | 0.95101 (10) | 0.2762 (2) | 0.0421 (5) | |
O3 | 0.2759 (3) | 1.00042 (11) | 0.4630 (2) | 0.0505 (6) | |
N1 | −0.0040 (3) | 0.94124 (11) | 0.1639 (2) | 0.0341 (5) | |
N2 | 0.3710 (3) | 0.88281 (13) | 0.0524 (3) | 0.0421 (6) | |
H2A | 0.3907 | 0.9101 | −0.0077 | 0.051* | |
C1 | −0.2022 (3) | 0.93480 (13) | −0.0599 (3) | 0.0349 (5) | |
C2 | −0.1095 (4) | 0.89996 (12) | −0.1268 (3) | 0.0376 (6) | |
C3 | −0.1813 (5) | 0.88563 (15) | −0.2689 (3) | 0.0485 (8) | |
H3A | −0.1264 | 0.8615 | −0.3155 | 0.058* | |
C4 | −0.3304 (5) | 0.90656 (16) | −0.3396 (4) | 0.0580 (10) | |
H4A | −0.3725 | 0.8970 | −0.4332 | 0.070* | |
C5 | −0.4193 (4) | 0.94164 (18) | −0.2741 (4) | 0.0543 (9) | |
H5A | −0.5192 | 0.9558 | −0.3235 | 0.065* | |
C6 | −0.3571 (4) | 0.95504 (15) | −0.1351 (4) | 0.0454 (7) | |
H6A | −0.4168 | 0.9776 | −0.0897 | 0.054* | |
C7 | −0.1458 (3) | 0.95207 (12) | 0.0847 (3) | 0.0351 (6) | |
H7A | −0.2162 | 0.9723 | 0.1234 | 0.042* | |
C8 | 0.0384 (4) | 0.96191 (13) | 0.3086 (3) | 0.0392 (6) | |
H8A | −0.0165 | 0.9993 | 0.3127 | 0.047* | |
C81 | −0.0095 (4) | 0.91695 (17) | 0.4063 (4) | 0.0494 (8) | |
H81A | −0.0014 | 0.9360 | 0.4951 | 0.059* | |
H81B | −0.1206 | 0.9061 | 0.3662 | 0.059* | |
C82 | 0.0897 (4) | 0.86149 (15) | 0.4325 (3) | 0.0429 (7) | |
C83 | 0.2191 (5) | 0.85677 (18) | 0.5497 (4) | 0.0582 (9) | |
H83A | 0.2412 | 0.8874 | 0.6142 | 0.070* | |
C84 | 0.3160 (5) | 0.8072 (2) | 0.5724 (4) | 0.0676 (11) | |
H84A | 0.4021 | 0.8051 | 0.6520 | 0.081* | |
C85 | 0.2869 (6) | 0.76152 (19) | 0.4795 (5) | 0.0656 (11) | |
H85A | 0.3538 | 0.7287 | 0.4945 | 0.079* | |
C86 | 0.1574 (6) | 0.76452 (18) | 0.3632 (4) | 0.0607 (10) | |
H86A | 0.1353 | 0.7333 | 0.3003 | 0.073* | |
C87 | 0.0600 (4) | 0.81386 (17) | 0.3398 (4) | 0.0517 (8) | |
H87A | −0.0269 | 0.8154 | 0.2608 | 0.062* | |
C9 | 0.2186 (4) | 0.97250 (12) | 0.3537 (3) | 0.0379 (6) | |
C21 | 0.3506 (5) | 0.82616 (19) | −0.0273 (4) | 0.0564 (10) | |
H21A | 0.4412 | 0.8200 | −0.0646 | 0.068* | |
H21B | 0.2546 | 0.8280 | −0.1048 | 0.068* | |
C22 | 0.3383 (6) | 0.77587 (17) | 0.0666 (4) | 0.0631 (10) | |
H22A | 0.3284 | 0.7392 | 0.0147 | 0.076* | |
H22B | 0.2426 | 0.7806 | 0.0975 | 0.076* | |
C23 | 0.4818 (5) | 0.77236 (16) | 0.1921 (4) | 0.0581 (10) | |
H23A | 0.5748 | 0.7608 | 0.1626 | 0.070* | |
H23B | 0.4636 | 0.7425 | 0.2557 | 0.070* | |
C24 | 0.5134 (4) | 0.83102 (15) | 0.2666 (4) | 0.0472 (7) | |
H24A | 0.4292 | 0.8391 | 0.3106 | 0.057* | |
H24C | 0.6138 | 0.8290 | 0.3392 | 0.057* | |
C25 | 0.5209 (4) | 0.88044 (16) | 0.1679 (4) | 0.0471 (8) | |
H25C | 0.5363 | 0.9176 | 0.2179 | 0.056* | |
H25A | 0.6111 | 0.8744 | 0.1300 | 0.056* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Cu | 0.02850 (13) | 0.03775 (16) | 0.03588 (15) | 0.00512 (17) | 0.00315 (10) | −0.00671 (17) |
O1 | 0.0381 (11) | 0.0491 (13) | 0.0445 (12) | 0.0069 (10) | 0.0018 (9) | −0.0146 (10) |
O2 | 0.0329 (10) | 0.0505 (12) | 0.0396 (11) | −0.0027 (9) | 0.0043 (9) | −0.0074 (10) |
O3 | 0.0571 (15) | 0.0456 (12) | 0.0405 (12) | −0.0065 (11) | −0.0004 (11) | −0.0125 (10) |
N1 | 0.0310 (11) | 0.0370 (12) | 0.0322 (11) | 0.0024 (9) | 0.0049 (9) | −0.0062 (10) |
N2 | 0.0419 (14) | 0.0442 (14) | 0.0433 (14) | 0.0141 (11) | 0.0171 (11) | 0.0128 (11) |
C1 | 0.0262 (11) | 0.0371 (13) | 0.0380 (13) | −0.0034 (11) | 0.0032 (10) | 0.0043 (11) |
C2 | 0.0353 (14) | 0.0325 (13) | 0.0404 (14) | −0.0070 (11) | 0.0028 (12) | −0.0023 (11) |
C3 | 0.058 (2) | 0.0408 (17) | 0.0410 (16) | −0.0094 (15) | 0.0034 (15) | −0.0088 (13) |
C4 | 0.064 (2) | 0.054 (2) | 0.0414 (15) | −0.0158 (17) | −0.0099 (16) | 0.0020 (15) |
C5 | 0.0406 (17) | 0.058 (2) | 0.0510 (19) | −0.0048 (16) | −0.0099 (15) | 0.0103 (16) |
C6 | 0.0324 (14) | 0.0481 (17) | 0.0489 (17) | −0.0033 (12) | −0.0001 (12) | 0.0073 (14) |
C7 | 0.0290 (12) | 0.0352 (13) | 0.0404 (14) | 0.0025 (10) | 0.0083 (11) | 0.0007 (11) |
C8 | 0.0389 (14) | 0.0412 (15) | 0.0357 (14) | 0.0048 (12) | 0.0073 (11) | −0.0104 (12) |
C81 | 0.0462 (17) | 0.066 (2) | 0.0387 (15) | −0.0062 (15) | 0.0159 (13) | −0.0098 (15) |
C82 | 0.0431 (15) | 0.0517 (17) | 0.0353 (14) | −0.0121 (14) | 0.0134 (12) | 0.0013 (13) |
C83 | 0.070 (2) | 0.060 (2) | 0.0381 (16) | −0.0173 (19) | 0.0047 (17) | −0.0010 (15) |
C84 | 0.060 (2) | 0.075 (3) | 0.057 (2) | −0.009 (2) | −0.0023 (19) | 0.024 (2) |
C85 | 0.074 (3) | 0.055 (2) | 0.073 (3) | 0.001 (2) | 0.028 (2) | 0.022 (2) |
C86 | 0.074 (3) | 0.053 (2) | 0.062 (2) | −0.0191 (19) | 0.031 (2) | −0.0062 (17) |
C87 | 0.0488 (18) | 0.061 (2) | 0.0443 (17) | −0.0162 (16) | 0.0104 (14) | −0.0085 (15) |
C9 | 0.0436 (15) | 0.0311 (13) | 0.0332 (13) | −0.0022 (12) | 0.0010 (12) | −0.0021 (10) |
C21 | 0.056 (2) | 0.071 (2) | 0.0428 (17) | 0.0259 (18) | 0.0151 (15) | −0.0067 (16) |
C22 | 0.076 (3) | 0.0453 (19) | 0.069 (3) | 0.0050 (18) | 0.022 (2) | −0.0146 (17) |
C23 | 0.075 (3) | 0.0408 (18) | 0.065 (2) | 0.0163 (17) | 0.029 (2) | 0.0098 (16) |
C24 | 0.0449 (16) | 0.0517 (18) | 0.0418 (16) | 0.0076 (14) | 0.0064 (13) | 0.0078 (14) |
C25 | 0.0294 (14) | 0.0455 (17) | 0.065 (2) | 0.0024 (13) | 0.0109 (14) | 0.0056 (15) |
Cu—O1 | 1.918 (2) | C81—C82 | 1.506 (5) |
Cu—N1 | 1.935 (2) | C81—H81A | 0.9700 |
Cu—O2 | 1.964 (2) | C81—H81B | 0.9700 |
Cu—N2 | 2.022 (3) | C82—C83 | 1.385 (5) |
Cu—O3A | 2.674 (2) | C82—C87 | 1.398 (5) |
O1—C2 | 1.310 (4) | C83—C84 | 1.384 (6) |
O2—C9 | 1.274 (4) | C83—H83A | 0.9300 |
O3—C9 | 1.240 (3) | C84—C85 | 1.366 (7) |
N1—C7 | 1.292 (3) | C84—H84A | 0.9300 |
N1—C8 | 1.464 (4) | C85—C86 | 1.378 (6) |
N2—C25 | 1.484 (4) | C85—H85A | 0.9300 |
N2—C21 | 1.494 (5) | C86—C87 | 1.383 (6) |
N2—H2A | 0.9100 | C86—H86A | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.420 (4) | C87—H87A | 0.9300 |
C1—C6 | 1.425 (4) | C21—C22 | 1.497 (6) |
C1—C7 | 1.443 (4) | C21—H21A | 0.9700 |
C2—C3 | 1.420 (4) | C21—H21B | 0.9700 |
C3—C4 | 1.378 (6) | C22—C23 | 1.506 (6) |
C3—H3A | 0.9300 | C22—H22A | 0.9700 |
C4—C5 | 1.391 (7) | C22—H22B | 0.9700 |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | C23—C24 | 1.511 (5) |
C5—C6 | 1.376 (5) | C23—H23A | 0.9700 |
C5—H5A | 0.9300 | C23—H23B | 0.9700 |
C6—H6A | 0.9300 | C24—C25 | 1.504 (5) |
C7—H7A | 0.9300 | C24—H24A | 0.9700 |
C8—C9 | 1.526 (4) | C24—H24C | 0.9700 |
C8—C81 | 1.545 (5) | C25—H25C | 0.9700 |
C8—H8A | 0.9800 | C25—H25A | 0.9700 |
O1—Cu—N1 | 91.49 (10) | H81A—C81—H81B | 107.6 |
O1—Cu—O2 | 173.91 (10) | C83—C82—C87 | 117.2 (4) |
N1—Cu—O2 | 82.65 (10) | C83—C82—C81 | 120.3 (3) |
O1—Cu—N2 | 91.69 (11) | C87—C82—C81 | 122.5 (3) |
N1—Cu—N2 | 175.76 (11) | C84—C83—C82 | 121.2 (4) |
O2—Cu—N2 | 94.24 (11) | C84—C83—H83A | 119.4 |
O3A—Cu—O1 | 92.3 (1) | C82—C83—H83A | 119.4 |
O3A—Cu—O2 | 88.1 (1) | C85—C84—C83 | 120.9 (4) |
O3A—Cu—N1 | 109.7 (1) | C85—C84—H84A | 119.6 |
O3A—Cu—N2 | 73.0 (1) | C83—C84—H84A | 119.6 |
C2—O1—Cu | 125.9 (2) | C84—C85—C86 | 119.3 (4) |
C9—O2—Cu | 116.25 (19) | C84—C85—H85A | 120.4 |
C7—N1—C8 | 118.7 (2) | C86—C85—H85A | 120.4 |
C7—N1—Cu | 125.9 (2) | C85—C86—C87 | 120.2 (4) |
C8—N1—Cu | 114.27 (18) | C85—C86—H86A | 119.9 |
C25—N2—C21 | 109.4 (3) | C87—C86—H86A | 119.9 |
C25—N2—Cu | 116.1 (2) | C86—C87—C82 | 121.3 (4) |
C21—N2—Cu | 116.3 (2) | C86—C87—H87A | 119.3 |
C25—N2—H2A | 104.5 | C82—C87—H87A | 119.3 |
C21—N2—H2A | 104.5 | O3—C9—O2 | 124.9 (3) |
Cu—N2—H2A | 104.5 | O3—C9—C8 | 118.1 (3) |
C2—C1—C6 | 120.6 (3) | O2—C9—C8 | 117.0 (2) |
C2—C1—C7 | 122.7 (3) | N2—C21—C22 | 109.9 (3) |
C6—C1—C7 | 116.7 (3) | N2—C21—H21A | 109.7 |
O1—C2—C1 | 123.9 (3) | C22—C21—H21A | 109.7 |
O1—C2—C3 | 119.7 (3) | N2—C21—H21B | 109.7 |
C1—C2—C3 | 116.5 (3) | C22—C21—H21B | 109.7 |
C4—C3—C2 | 121.6 (4) | H21A—C21—H21B | 108.2 |
C4—C3—H3A | 119.2 | C21—C22—C23 | 111.9 (4) |
C2—C3—H3A | 119.2 | C21—C22—H22A | 109.2 |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.6 (3) | C23—C22—H22A | 109.2 |
C3—C4—H4A | 119.2 | C21—C22—H22B | 109.2 |
C5—C4—H4A | 119.2 | C23—C22—H22B | 109.2 |
C6—C5—C4 | 118.9 (3) | H22A—C22—H22B | 107.9 |
C6—C5—H5A | 120.5 | C22—C23—C24 | 111.0 (3) |
C4—C5—H5A | 120.5 | C22—C23—H23A | 109.4 |
C5—C6—C1 | 120.8 (3) | C24—C23—H23A | 109.4 |
C5—C6—H6A | 119.6 | C22—C23—H23B | 109.4 |
C1—C6—H6A | 119.6 | C24—C23—H23B | 109.4 |
N1—C7—C1 | 124.3 (3) | H23A—C23—H23B | 108.0 |
N1—C7—H7A | 117.9 | C25—C24—C23 | 111.6 (3) |
C1—C7—H7A | 117.9 | C25—C24—H24A | 109.3 |
N1—C8—C9 | 107.5 (2) | C23—C24—H24A | 109.3 |
N1—C8—C81 | 111.9 (3) | C25—C24—H24C | 109.3 |
C9—C8—C81 | 110.6 (3) | C23—C24—H24C | 109.3 |
N1—C8—H8A | 109.0 | H24A—C24—H24C | 108.0 |
C9—C8—H8A | 109.0 | N2—C25—C24 | 110.3 (3) |
C81—C8—H8A | 109.0 | N2—C25—H25C | 109.6 |
C82—C81—C8 | 114.7 (3) | C24—C25—H25C | 109.6 |
C82—C81—H81A | 108.6 | N2—C25—H25A | 109.6 |
C8—C81—H81A | 108.6 | C24—C25—H25A | 109.6 |
C82—C81—H81B | 108.6 | H25C—C25—H25A | 108.1 |
C8—C81—H81B | 108.6 | ||
N1—Cu—O1—C2 | 25.7 (3) | C2—C1—C7—N1 | 4.8 (5) |
O2—Cu—O1—C2 | 9.8 (12) | C6—C1—C7—N1 | −174.4 (3) |
N2—Cu—O1—C2 | −157.1 (3) | C7—N1—C8—C9 | −151.7 (3) |
O1—Cu—O2—C9 | 19.8 (12) | Cu—N1—C8—C9 | 16.7 (3) |
N1—Cu—O2—C9 | 3.8 (2) | C7—N1—C8—C81 | 86.7 (3) |
N2—Cu—O2—C9 | −173.3 (2) | Cu—N1—C8—C81 | −104.8 (3) |
O1—Cu—N1—C7 | −22.9 (3) | N1—C8—C81—C82 | 70.9 (4) |
O2—Cu—N1—C7 | 155.4 (3) | C9—C8—C81—C82 | −48.8 (3) |
N2—Cu—N1—C7 | −161.5 (15) | C8—C81—C82—C83 | 95.4 (4) |
O1—Cu—N1—C8 | 169.6 (2) | C8—C81—C82—C87 | −82.5 (4) |
O2—Cu—N1—C8 | −12.1 (2) | C87—C82—C83—C84 | 1.0 (5) |
N2—Cu—N1—C8 | 31.1 (18) | C81—C82—C83—C84 | −177.1 (4) |
O1—Cu—N2—C25 | −163.6 (2) | C82—C83—C84—C85 | 0.1 (6) |
N1—Cu—N2—C25 | −25.0 (18) | C83—C84—C85—C86 | −1.3 (6) |
O2—Cu—N2—C25 | 17.8 (2) | C84—C85—C86—C87 | 1.3 (6) |
O1—Cu—N2—C21 | −32.8 (2) | C85—C86—C87—C82 | −0.2 (6) |
N1—Cu—N2—C21 | 105.8 (16) | C83—C82—C87—C86 | −0.9 (5) |
O2—Cu—N2—C21 | 148.6 (2) | C81—C82—C87—C86 | 177.0 (3) |
Cu—O1—C2—C1 | −17.9 (4) | Cu—O2—C9—O3 | −175.8 (2) |
Cu—O1—C2—C3 | 161.0 (2) | Cu—O2—C9—C8 | 5.2 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—O1 | 177.3 (3) | N1—C8—C9—O3 | 166.8 (3) |
C7—C1—C2—O1 | −2.0 (5) | C81—C8—C9—O3 | −70.9 (3) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | −1.6 (4) | N1—C8—C9—O2 | −14.2 (4) |
C7—C1—C2—C3 | 179.1 (3) | C81—C8—C9—O2 | 108.2 (3) |
O1—C2—C3—C4 | −176.3 (3) | C25—N2—C21—C22 | 61.3 (4) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | 2.6 (5) | Cu—N2—C21—C22 | −72.6 (3) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −1.5 (6) | N2—C21—C22—C23 | −57.2 (4) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | −0.8 (6) | C21—C22—C23—C24 | 52.2 (4) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | 1.7 (5) | C22—C23—C24—C25 | −51.6 (4) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −0.5 (5) | C21—N2—C25—C24 | −61.1 (4) |
C7—C1—C6—C5 | 178.8 (3) | Cu—N2—C25—C24 | 72.9 (3) |
C8—N1—C7—C1 | 179.3 (3) | C23—C24—C25—N2 | 56.6 (4) |
Cu—N1—C7—C1 | 12.3 (4) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2A···O3i | 0.91 | 2.24 | 2.841 (4) | 123 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+2, z−1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | [Cu(C17H14O3)(C4H10N2)] |
Mr | 415.96 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, Cc |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 8.7002 (9), 22.6624 (15), 9.9711 (8) |
β (°) | 106.010 (7) |
V (Å3) | 1889.7 (3) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 1.18 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.58 × 0.28 × 0.20 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Siemens P4S diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Empirical (using intensity measurements) (North et al., 1968) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.338, 0.475 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 3692, 3609, 2912 |
Rint | 0.000 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.756 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.036, 0.082, 1.02 |
No. of reflections | 3609 |
No. of parameters | 245 |
No. of restraints | 2 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.21, −0.21 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983) |
Absolute structure parameter | −0.001 (13) |
Computer programs: XSCANS (Siemens, 1994), XSCANS, SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1997), SHELXTL.
Cu—O1 | 1.918 (2) | Cu—N2 | 2.022 (3) |
Cu—N1 | 1.935 (2) | Cu—O3A | 2.674 (2) |
Cu—O2 | 1.964 (2) | ||
O1—Cu—N1 | 91.49 (10) | O2—Cu—N2 | 94.24 (11) |
O1—Cu—O2 | 173.91 (10) | O3A—Cu—O1 | 92.3 (1) |
N1—Cu—O2 | 82.65 (10) | O3A—Cu—O2 | 88.1 (1) |
O1—Cu—N2 | 91.69 (11) | O3A—Cu—N1 | 109.7 (1) |
N1—Cu—N2 | 175.76 (11) | O3A—Cu—N2 | 73.0 (1) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H2A···O3i | 0.91 | 2.24 | 2.841 (4) | 123 |
Symmetry code: (i) x, −y+2, z−1/2. |
Galactose oxidase is a type II copper protein that catalyzes the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes with a concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen (Whittaker, 1994). Its crystal structure (Ito et al., 1994) reveals a unique mononuclear Cu site with two N donors (from histidine imidazole groups), two O donors (one axial and one equatorial tyrosine group), and an exogenous water or acetate molecule, all arranged in a distorted square-pyramidal coordination. Several different theories have been proposed to explain how galactose oxidase, which contains a single Cu atom, can catalyze a two-electron redox reaction. The currently accepted theory (Whittaker & Whittaker, 2001) suggests that the `inactive' form of galactose oxidase is oxidized by the loss of one electron to produce the `active' form which contains a tyrosine (tyrosine 272) free radical ion coupled to the CuII ion. The active form is then reduced to the CuI species and the alcohol oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde.
There has been considerable interest in the study of model compounds of galactose oxidase in recent years (Butcher et al., 2003a,b; Kruse et al., 2002; Shimazaki et al., 2002; Thomas et al., 2002). One group of compounds that have attracted considerable interest consist of five-coordinate copper complexes with tridentate Schiff base ligands derived from the condensation of amino acids with substituted salicylaldehydes. In this type of complex, the Cu coordination sphere also contains a monodentate Lewis base. With two exceptions (Plesch et al., 1997; Sivy et al., 1994), X-ray crystallographic studies have shown that these CuII compounds contain CuII in a distorted square-pyramidal environment and fit into three main types:
(i) monomeric with a water molecule occupying the fifth coordination site (Butcher et al., 2003a; Dawes et al., 1982; Fujimaki et al., 1971; Garcia-Raso et al., 1996; Korhonen & Hamalainen, 1979; Ueki et al., 1969; Warda et al., 1996; Warda, 1997 g; Warda, 1998a,d,e,f);
(ii) dimeric with an adjacent phenolic O atom occupying the fifth coordination site (Butcher et al., 2003b; Davies, 1984; Hamalainen et al., 1978; Hill & Warda, 1999; Warda, 1997b,e; Warda, 1998b,c,e,g; Warda, 1999; Warda et al., 1998);
(iii) polymeric with the fifth coordination site occupied by an adjacent carboxyl O atom (Ukei et al., 1967; Kettman et al., 1993; Korhonen et al., 1984; Plesch et al., 1998; Warda et al., 1997; Warda, 1997a,b,c,d,f; Sivy et al., 1990).
The tridentate Schiff base ligand derived from the condensation of salicylaldehyde and l-phenylalanine, in the presence of piperidine, forms a square-pyramidal five-coordinate Cu complex of type iii. In this complex, the carboxyl O from an adjacent molecule occupies the apical site, at a distance of 2.674 (2) Å, forming a polymeric zigzag chain in the c direction. Unlike other square-pyramidal five-coordinate analogs, in this example, the Cu is only slightly displaced [0.012 (1) Å] from the basal plane formed by atoms O1, O2, N1, and N2, due to the comparatively weak out-of-plane bond to a neighboring carbonyl O donor. Neither the Cu—O1, Cu—O2, and Cu—N1 bond distances [1.918 (2), 1.964 (2), and 1.935 (2) Å, respectively] nor the Cu—N2 bond distance [2.002 (3) Å] differ significantly from those of similar type iii polymeric compounds mentioned above.