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The structure of a previously unreported polymorph of anhydrous theophylline (1,3-dimethyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-pur­ine-2,6-dione), C7H8N4O2, has been determined at 100 K and shown to have monoclinic symmetry with Z' = 2. The structure is named form IV and experimental observation indicates that this is the stable form of the material. The mol­ecular packing consists of discrete hydrogen-bonded dimers similar to that observed in the monohydrate structure. The structure of form I has also been determined and consists of hydrogen-bonded chains.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S010827011104786X/bm3111sup1.cif
Contains datablocks global, IV, I

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S010827011104786X/bm3111IVsup2.hkl
Contains datablock IV

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S010827011104786X/bm3111Isup3.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC references: 862237; 862238

Comment top

Theophylline, (1), is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma in an oral dosage form. The hydration behaviour and solid-state chemistry have been studied (Wikstroem et al., 2008; Amado et al., 2007) and it is known to exist as a monohydrate form (Sun et al. 2002); three anhydrous polymorphs, forms (I), (II) and (III), have also been reported (Ebisuzaki et al., 1997; Suzuki et al.,1989; Matsuo & Matsuoka, 2007). Theophylline has been shown to convert between the monohydrate and anhydrous form (II) dependent on the humidity or water activity of the solvent environment (Zhu et al.,1996). The pharmaceutical properties of both the anhydrous and monohydrate material have been studied and shown to differ (Phadnis & Suryanarayanan, 1997).

The monohydrate, form (M), has a channel hydrate structure which has been shown to lose water to produce form (II) anhydrous material (Zhu et al.,1996; Ticehurst et al., 2002). The monohydrate packing [Sun et al., 2002; Cambridge Structural Database (CSD; Allen, 2002) refcode THEOPH01] consists of hydrogen-bonded dimer pairs which link via further hydrogen bonding with water molecules to form chains.

Form (II) occurs when the monohydrate loses water, either in low humidity or at temperatures above 353 K. The form (II) structure has been determined (Ebisuzaki et al., 1997; CSD refcode BAPLOT01) and consists of two bifurcated C—H···O hydrogen bonds and one N—H···N hydrogen bond. The molecules join via these bonds to form chains. Unlike the monohydrate, there are no discrete dimers present in the crystal structure of form (II).

Form (I) is reported to be the stable form at higher temperatures. Its powder pattern has been presented in the literature (Suzuki et al.,1989), but its structure has not been previously reported.

Form (III) is a highly metastable form and rapidly converts to form (II). Its powder pattern has been reported (Matsuo & Matsuoka 2007) but its structure has not been obtained due to its metastable nature.

Recently, a fourth anhydrous polymorph of theophylline was identified (Seton et al., 2010). Form (IV) occurs as a result of slow, solvent-mediated conversion from form (II) or form (I), and is therefore identified as the most thermodynamically stable anhydrous polymorph of theophylline. Form (IV) can be identified from its plate-like hexagonal morphology, distinct from the elongated morphology observed in particles of forms (I), (II) and the monohydrate. On heating, form (IV) does not melt but undergoes solid-state conversion to form (II) at 483–513 K (Khamar et al. , 2011). This paper presents the structure of this previously unreported anhydrous polymorph of theophylline, and the structure of the high-temperature anhydrous polymorph, form (I).

The structure of form (IV) is monoclinic and, unlike the other anhydrous polymorphs, has two molecules in its asymmetric unit, as shown in Fig. 1. These two molecules form a dimer pair with an R22(10) motif by forming hydrogen bonds between N2—H2···O11 and N12—H12···O1. A short contact is formed by donation via C11—H11···O2[-x, -1/2+y,-1/2-z] and a second by accepting via N11 a short contact from C1—H1[x, -1/2-y, -1/2+z]. These short contacts link the dimers into a two-dimensional network parallel to the (100) plane.

The hydrogen-bonding pattern of the basic nitrogen (N in imidazole ring) is interesting. It is a good acceptor according to Etter's rules (Etter, 1990), but due to insufficient donors, only one of the N atoms of the asymmetric unit, N11, is involved in a contact and not N1. These short contacts link the dimers into chains, and chains of dimers stack in layers related by an inversion centre as displayed in Fig. 2. This dimerization is similar to the packing motif observed in the monohydrate structure and in a number of co-crystals of theophylline (Trask et al., 2006) and may account for the thermodynamic stability of the structure compared with the chain motif of form (II).

Both form (I) and form (II) are known to immediately convert to the monohydrate on contact with water (Suzuki et al., 1989) and therefore the monohydrate structure is considered to be the most thermodynamically stable structure for the theophylline molecule in an aqueous environment. It is not unreasonable therefore that the dimer-based structure of form (IV), containing the same dimer pair motif as the monohydrate, is the most thermodynamically stable of the observed anhydrous forms. It has been observed that, like forms (I) and (II), form (IV) will convert to the monohydrate on contact with water, further stability being conferred by the hydrogen bonding of the dimer pairs with the water molecules.

The asymmetric unit of the high-temperature polymorph, form (I), is shown in Fig. 3. The structure consists of extended chains formed by hydrogen bonding between N2—H2 and O2[-1/2+x, 1/2-y, -1+z] as shown in Fig. 4. Chains are joined by a weak contact from C1—H1···N1[-x, 1-y, -1/2+z] which has the effect of generating a three-dimensional network. The hydrogen-bonded chains run parallel to the (201) plane and are stacked with a ππ interaction.

Related literature top

For related literature, see: Allen (2002); Amado et al. (2007); Ebisuzaki et al. (1997); Etter (1990); Matsuo & Matsuoka (2007); Phadnis & Suryanarayanan (1997); Seton et al. (2010); Sun et al. (2002); Suzuki et al. (1989); Ticehurst et al. (2002); Trask et al. (2006); Wikstroem et al. (2008); Zhu et al. (1996).

Experimental top

Anhydrous theophylline purchased from Sigma Aldrich UK was identified as form (II) and used as received. To prepare form (IV), a saturated solution of theophylline was prepared by suspending excess form (II) in a 9:1, methanol (HPLC gradient grade): water solvent mixture for 1 h at 318 K and then filtering with a syringe filter of 0.45 µm size. The filtered solution was cooled to room temperature. After 1 h, needle-like crystals were observed which were held in contact with the mother liquor for 2 months. Over this period, the morphology of the crystals was observed to change, with hexagonal plates being observed after several days, indicating the solvent-mediated transformation to form (IV). Form (I) could not be obtained by solution methods and was prepared by heating form (II) in glass vials at 538-541 K for 2 h. The crystals undergo solid-state conversion and in doing so the parent crystal laminates to produce very fine needles of form (I). The quality of the crystals was poor and contained cracks and defects introduced during the phase transition.

Refinement top

The positions of the H atoms of form (IV) were refined freely with their U values riding on those of their carrier atoms. The H atoms of form (I) were constrained with N—H, C1—H1 and C—H(methyl) distances of 0.88, 0.95 and 0.98 Å, respectively, with their U values again riding.

The quality of form (I) crystals, which were obtained by solid-state conversion, was poor. The best crystal was selected from several samples but it was not possible to obtain a high-quality crystal without defects. The dimensions of the crystals were such that data collection was only just possible. The crystal diffracted poorly and reflection intensity was extremely weak so that a scan time greater than 30 h produced 90% completion. Further collection was not possible due to the quality and size of the crystal.

Computing details top

For both compounds, data collection: COLLECT (Hooft, 1998); cell refinement: HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); data reduction: HKL DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997); program(s) used to solve structure: SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: WinGX publication routines (Farrugia, 1999).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. A view of the two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit of form (IV) showing hydrogen bonding to form the dimer. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level and H atoms are shown as spheres of arbitrary radii.
[Figure 2] Fig. 2. The structure of form (IV) is built from hydrogen-bonded dimers [visible in (a)] which are linked via close contacts to form extended chains. The chains form close contacts with each other to make an extended network structure. The rings of the molecule also stack in a ππ fashion (b).
[Figure 3] Fig. 3. The asymmetric unit of form (I). The displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level and H atoms are drawn as spheres with arbitrary radii.
[Figure 4] Fig. 4. A projection of form (I) down the c axis (a) and the b axis (b) showing the chain motif. Hydrogen bonds are indicated by broken lines. The chains are discrete, having no hydrogen bonds linking them.
(IV) 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione top
Crystal data top
C7H8N4O2F(000) = 752
Mr = 180.17Dx = 1.555 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: -P 2ybcCell parameters from 3844 reflections
a = 7.7055 (1) Åθ = 2–26°
b = 13.0010 (2) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
c = 15.7794 (3) ÅT = 100 K
β = 103.224 (1)°Plate, colourless
V = 1538.85 (4) Å30.25 × 0.2 × 0.08 mm
Z = 8
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
3023 independent reflections
Radiation source: Enraf–Nonius FR5902275 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.075
Detector resolution: 9 pixels mm-1θmax = 26°, θmin = 3.1°
CCD rotation images, thick slices scansh = 09
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(Blessing, 1989)
k = 016
Tmin = 0.971, Tmax = 0.991l = 1918
35162 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.050All H-atom parameters refined
wR(F2) = 0.138 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0683P)2 + 1.0567P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 1.07(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
3023 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.25 e Å3
300 parametersΔρmin = 0.32 e Å3
0 restraintsExtinction correction: SHELXL, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsExtinction coefficient: 0.0035 (14)
Crystal data top
C7H8N4O2V = 1538.85 (4) Å3
Mr = 180.17Z = 8
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation
a = 7.7055 (1) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
b = 13.0010 (2) ÅT = 100 K
c = 15.7794 (3) Å0.25 × 0.2 × 0.08 mm
β = 103.224 (1)°
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
3023 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(Blessing, 1989)
2275 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.971, Tmax = 0.991Rint = 0.075
35162 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0500 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.138All H-atom parameters refined
S = 1.07Δρmax = 0.25 e Å3
3023 reflectionsΔρmin = 0.32 e Å3
300 parameters
Special details top

Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.3212 (3)0.50420 (17)0.63506 (14)0.0266 (5)
C20.2328 (3)0.52543 (15)0.49470 (13)0.0215 (4)
C30.1953 (3)0.52080 (16)0.40273 (14)0.0234 (5)
C40.0124 (3)0.67913 (15)0.40692 (13)0.0218 (4)
C50.1655 (3)0.59992 (15)0.53948 (13)0.0217 (4)
C60.0417 (3)0.6053 (2)0.26781 (14)0.0309 (5)
C70.0217 (3)0.75327 (19)0.54468 (16)0.0288 (5)
C110.4273 (3)0.22393 (17)0.29313 (14)0.0255 (5)
C120.5243 (3)0.20659 (15)0.43310 (13)0.0212 (4)
C130.5653 (3)0.21345 (16)0.52510 (13)0.0227 (5)
C140.7217 (3)0.04496 (16)0.52199 (13)0.0227 (5)
C150.5764 (3)0.12563 (15)0.38935 (13)0.0216 (4)
C160.7207 (3)0.12615 (18)0.66041 (14)0.0266 (5)
C170.7376 (3)0.03938 (17)0.38541 (15)0.0262 (5)
N10.2190 (2)0.58844 (14)0.62739 (12)0.0258 (4)
N20.3339 (2)0.46310 (14)0.55842 (11)0.0250 (4)
N30.0856 (2)0.60140 (13)0.36367 (11)0.0232 (4)
N40.0553 (2)0.67640 (13)0.49658 (11)0.0226 (4)
N110.5177 (2)0.13552 (14)0.30143 (11)0.0260 (4)
N120.4254 (2)0.26962 (14)0.36910 (11)0.0235 (4)
N130.6660 (2)0.12947 (13)0.56479 (11)0.0227 (4)
N140.6739 (2)0.04496 (13)0.43192 (11)0.0233 (4)
O10.2495 (2)0.45574 (12)0.35749 (10)0.0286 (4)
O20.08478 (19)0.74583 (11)0.36696 (10)0.0277 (4)
O110.5225 (2)0.28330 (11)0.56969 (9)0.0282 (4)
O120.8084 (2)0.02497 (11)0.56285 (10)0.0284 (4)
H10.381 (3)0.4730 (17)0.6924 (15)0.021 (5)*
H20.401 (4)0.402 (2)0.5508 (19)0.055 (9)*
H6A0.006 (5)0.537 (3)0.245 (2)0.081 (11)*
H6B0.152 (5)0.618 (2)0.246 (2)0.064 (9)*
H6C0.041 (5)0.664 (3)0.247 (3)0.094 (13)*
H7A0.007 (4)0.740 (2)0.606 (2)0.053 (8)*
H7B0.017 (4)0.822 (3)0.5344 (19)0.057 (9)*
H7C0.149 (5)0.752 (2)0.523 (2)0.061 (9)*
H110.364 (3)0.2532 (19)0.2357 (17)0.036 (7)*
H120.374 (4)0.338 (2)0.373 (2)0.056 (9)*
H16A0.682 (4)0.062 (2)0.6818 (18)0.042 (7)*
H16B0.848 (4)0.130 (2)0.6808 (18)0.046 (8)*
H16C0.667 (4)0.191 (2)0.6834 (17)0.041 (7)*
H17A0.688 (3)0.0299 (17)0.3207 (16)0.024 (6)*
H17B0.866 (4)0.039 (2)0.3948 (18)0.043 (7)*
H17C0.701 (3)0.108 (2)0.4056 (16)0.038 (7)*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.0278 (11)0.0261 (11)0.0249 (11)0.0002 (9)0.0039 (9)0.0019 (9)
C20.0198 (10)0.0200 (10)0.0240 (10)0.0005 (8)0.0037 (8)0.0011 (8)
C30.0194 (9)0.0226 (11)0.0272 (11)0.0008 (8)0.0035 (8)0.0000 (8)
C40.0198 (10)0.0217 (10)0.0237 (10)0.0010 (8)0.0044 (8)0.0002 (8)
C50.0207 (10)0.0202 (10)0.0233 (10)0.0027 (8)0.0033 (8)0.0010 (8)
C60.0362 (13)0.0348 (13)0.0207 (11)0.0079 (11)0.0042 (9)0.0006 (10)
C70.0325 (13)0.0268 (12)0.0273 (12)0.0075 (10)0.0075 (10)0.0033 (9)
C110.0264 (11)0.0266 (11)0.0220 (11)0.0010 (9)0.0027 (9)0.0003 (9)
C120.0209 (10)0.0197 (10)0.0219 (10)0.0008 (8)0.0027 (8)0.0016 (8)
C130.0195 (10)0.0224 (10)0.0262 (11)0.0011 (8)0.0050 (8)0.0010 (8)
C140.0216 (10)0.0207 (10)0.0255 (11)0.0023 (8)0.0046 (8)0.0001 (8)
C150.0225 (10)0.0198 (10)0.0216 (10)0.0030 (8)0.0028 (8)0.0008 (8)
C160.0298 (12)0.0279 (12)0.0211 (11)0.0028 (10)0.0040 (9)0.0027 (9)
C170.0289 (12)0.0228 (11)0.0276 (12)0.0035 (9)0.0079 (9)0.0028 (9)
N10.0276 (9)0.0248 (9)0.0239 (9)0.0004 (8)0.0032 (7)0.0021 (7)
N20.0255 (9)0.0226 (9)0.0253 (10)0.0025 (8)0.0024 (7)0.0032 (7)
N30.0245 (9)0.0225 (9)0.0213 (9)0.0026 (7)0.0026 (7)0.0011 (7)
N40.0250 (9)0.0188 (9)0.0239 (9)0.0021 (7)0.0052 (7)0.0002 (7)
N110.0266 (9)0.0257 (10)0.0241 (9)0.0015 (8)0.0022 (7)0.0002 (7)
N120.0233 (9)0.0219 (9)0.0235 (9)0.0010 (7)0.0019 (7)0.0010 (7)
N130.0248 (9)0.0220 (9)0.0215 (9)0.0025 (7)0.0054 (7)0.0015 (7)
N140.0253 (9)0.0220 (9)0.0219 (9)0.0015 (7)0.0040 (7)0.0013 (7)
O10.0301 (8)0.0273 (8)0.0273 (8)0.0055 (6)0.0045 (6)0.0031 (6)
O20.0270 (8)0.0252 (8)0.0287 (8)0.0050 (6)0.0017 (6)0.0024 (6)
O110.0349 (8)0.0245 (8)0.0247 (8)0.0051 (6)0.0060 (6)0.0027 (6)
O120.0307 (8)0.0239 (8)0.0294 (8)0.0051 (6)0.0045 (7)0.0036 (6)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
C1—N11.338 (3)C11—N121.341 (3)
C1—N21.346 (3)C11—H111.00 (3)
C1—H11.00 (2)C12—C151.368 (3)
C2—C51.369 (3)C12—N121.386 (3)
C2—N21.384 (3)C12—C131.416 (3)
C2—C31.415 (3)C13—O111.239 (3)
C3—O11.239 (3)C13—N131.401 (3)
C3—N31.398 (3)C14—O121.221 (2)
C4—O21.222 (2)C14—N141.384 (3)
C4—N41.378 (3)C14—N131.407 (3)
C4—N31.408 (3)C15—N111.363 (3)
C5—N11.362 (3)C15—N141.373 (3)
C5—N41.380 (3)C16—N131.471 (3)
C6—N31.473 (3)C16—H16A0.97 (3)
C6—H6A1.00 (4)C16—H16B0.96 (3)
C6—H6B1.00 (3)C16—H16C1.04 (3)
C6—H6C1.00 (4)C17—N141.465 (3)
C7—N41.460 (3)C17—H17A1.01 (2)
C7—H7A0.96 (3)C17—H17B0.96 (3)
C7—H7B0.97 (3)C17—H17C1.01 (3)
C7—H7C0.96 (4)N2—H20.97 (3)
C11—N111.334 (3)N12—H120.98 (3)
N1—C1—N2113.95 (19)O12—C14—N13121.20 (19)
N1—C1—H1123.6 (12)N14—C14—N13117.01 (18)
N2—C1—H1122.5 (12)N11—C15—C12111.93 (18)
C5—C2—N2104.83 (18)N11—C15—N14125.94 (18)
C5—C2—C3123.17 (19)C12—C15—N14122.12 (18)
N2—C2—C3131.99 (19)N13—C16—H16A110.1 (16)
O1—C3—N3120.46 (18)N13—C16—H16B111.8 (16)
O1—C3—C2127.12 (19)H16A—C16—H16B107 (2)
N3—C3—C2112.41 (18)N13—C16—H16C107.0 (15)
O2—C4—N4121.51 (18)H16A—C16—H16C113 (2)
O2—C4—N3121.70 (18)H16B—C16—H16C107 (2)
N4—C4—N3116.79 (17)N14—C17—H17A108.8 (13)
N1—C5—C2112.71 (18)N14—C17—H17B111.7 (16)
N1—C5—N4125.97 (19)H17A—C17—H17B107 (2)
C2—C5—N4121.32 (18)N14—C17—H17C110.7 (15)
N3—C6—H6A108 (2)H17A—C17—H17C111.1 (19)
N3—C6—H6B110.4 (18)H17B—C17—H17C108 (2)
H6A—C6—H6B107 (3)C1—N1—C5102.51 (18)
N3—C6—H6C110 (2)C1—N2—C2105.99 (18)
H6A—C6—H6C114 (3)C1—N2—H2125.9 (18)
H6B—C6—H6C107 (3)C2—N2—H2128.1 (18)
N4—C7—H7A112.0 (18)C3—N3—C4126.40 (17)
N4—C7—H7B111.7 (19)C3—N3—C6116.89 (17)
H7A—C7—H7B109 (2)C4—N3—C6116.71 (17)
N4—C7—H7C107.7 (19)C4—N4—C5119.88 (17)
H7A—C7—H7C110 (2)C4—N4—C7119.05 (17)
H7B—C7—H7C107 (3)C5—N4—C7121.04 (18)
N11—C11—N12113.96 (19)C11—N11—C15103.02 (17)
N11—C11—H11123.5 (15)C11—N12—C12105.83 (18)
N12—C11—H11122.5 (15)C11—N12—H12122.9 (18)
C15—C12—N12105.25 (17)C12—N12—H12130.9 (18)
C15—C12—C13122.90 (18)C13—N13—C14126.32 (17)
N12—C12—C13131.80 (19)C13—N13—C16118.72 (17)
O11—C13—N13120.63 (18)C14—N13—C16114.96 (17)
O11—C13—C12127.04 (19)C15—N14—C14119.31 (17)
N13—C13—C12112.33 (18)C15—N14—C17122.36 (17)
O12—C14—N14121.79 (19)C14—N14—C17118.26 (17)
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N2—H2···O110.97 (3)1.80 (3)2.736 (2)163 (3)
N12—H12···O10.98 (3)1.80 (3)2.759 (2)168 (3)
C1—H1···N11i1.00 (2)2.29 (2)3.266 (3)165 (2)
C11—H11···O2ii1.00 (3)2.38 (3)3.222 (3)141 (2)
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1/2, z+1/2; (ii) x, y1/2, z+1/2.
(I) 3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione top
Crystal data top
C7H8N4O2F(000) = 376
Mr = 180.17Dx = 1.51 Mg m3
Orthorhombic, Pna21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
Hall symbol: P 2c -2nCell parameters from 817 reflections
a = 13.158 (2) Åθ = 2–26°
b = 15.630 (3) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
c = 3.854 (1) ÅT = 100 K
V = 792.6 (3) Å3Prism, colourless
Z = 40.25 × 0.06 × 0.03 mm
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
764 independent reflections
Radiation source: Enraf–Nonius FR590462 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.040
Detector resolution: 9 pixels mm-1θmax = 25.4°, θmin = 3.1°
CCD rotation images, thick slices scansh = 1515
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SORTAV; Blessing, 1989)
k = 1818
Tmin = 0.972, Tmax = 0.997l = 44
1246 measured reflections
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.088H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.202 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.01P)2 + 3.50P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 0.98(Δ/σ)max = 0.005
764 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.34 e Å3
120 parametersΔρmin = 0.30 e Å3
1 restraintAbsolute structure: Flack (1983), no. Friedel pairs?
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methodsAbsolute structure parameter: 10 (10)
Crystal data top
C7H8N4O2V = 792.6 (3) Å3
Mr = 180.17Z = 4
Orthorhombic, Pna21Mo Kα radiation
a = 13.158 (2) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
b = 15.630 (3) ÅT = 100 K
c = 3.854 (1) Å0.25 × 0.06 × 0.03 mm
Data collection top
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
764 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SORTAV; Blessing, 1989)
462 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.972, Tmax = 0.997Rint = 0.040
1246 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.088H-atom parameters constrained
wR(F2) = 0.202Δρmax = 0.34 e Å3
S = 0.98Δρmin = 0.30 e Å3
764 reflectionsAbsolute structure: Flack (1983), no. Friedel pairs?
120 parametersAbsolute structure parameter: 10 (10)
1 restraint
Special details top

Geometry. All s.u.'s (except the s.u. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell s.u.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of s.u.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between s.u.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell s.u.'s is used for estimating s.u.'s involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.0241 (7)0.4035 (6)0.658 (3)0.064 (3)
H10.06220.45140.58090.077*
C20.0194 (6)0.2682 (5)0.772 (3)0.052 (2)
C30.0271 (6)0.1808 (6)0.807 (4)0.061 (3)
C40.1886 (6)0.2116 (5)1.116 (3)0.055 (3)
C50.0913 (6)0.3256 (6)0.895 (3)0.052 (2)
C60.1345 (7)0.0626 (5)1.058 (3)0.069 (3)
H6A0.20630.05371.11420.104*
H6B0.11710.02960.84970.104*
H6C0.09230.04351.25230.104*
C70.2524 (6)0.3593 (5)1.190 (3)0.061 (3)
H7A0.27130.34641.43050.091*
H7B0.22320.41691.17830.091*
H7C0.3130.35651.04260.091*
N10.0697 (5)0.4080 (5)0.828 (2)0.060 (2)
N20.0530 (5)0.3202 (4)0.621 (2)0.062 (2)
H20.10870.30250.51660.074*
N30.1159 (5)0.1552 (5)0.992 (3)0.062 (2)
N40.1776 (5)0.2970 (5)1.070 (2)0.057 (2)
O10.0350 (4)0.1251 (4)0.705 (2)0.067 (2)
O20.2641 (4)0.1825 (4)1.281 (3)0.070 (2)
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.060 (5)0.065 (6)0.069 (9)0.001 (4)0.000 (6)0.003 (6)
C20.040 (4)0.061 (5)0.056 (7)0.002 (4)0.008 (5)0.005 (5)
C30.048 (5)0.071 (6)0.064 (8)0.004 (5)0.003 (6)0.001 (6)
C40.047 (5)0.058 (5)0.059 (8)0.004 (4)0.005 (5)0.002 (5)
C50.049 (5)0.067 (5)0.042 (7)0.004 (4)0.003 (4)0.002 (5)
C60.081 (6)0.058 (5)0.069 (9)0.008 (5)0.002 (7)0.001 (6)
C70.056 (5)0.063 (5)0.062 (8)0.010 (4)0.003 (5)0.004 (5)
N10.058 (4)0.064 (5)0.058 (6)0.004 (4)0.009 (4)0.001 (4)
N20.062 (4)0.064 (4)0.059 (6)0.002 (4)0.001 (5)0.002 (5)
N30.054 (4)0.066 (5)0.068 (7)0.001 (4)0.004 (5)0.000 (5)
N40.049 (4)0.070 (5)0.053 (6)0.002 (4)0.001 (4)0.007 (5)
O10.056 (3)0.070 (4)0.077 (6)0.008 (3)0.003 (4)0.010 (4)
O20.052 (3)0.080 (4)0.079 (6)0.004 (3)0.015 (4)0.006 (5)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
C1—N21.364 (10)C5—N11.345 (11)
C1—N11.399 (11)C5—N41.393 (10)
C1—H10.95C6—N31.489 (10)
C2—C31.376 (12)C6—H6A0.98
C2—N21.381 (11)C6—H6B0.98
C2—C51.388 (11)C6—H6C0.98
C3—O11.257 (10)C7—N41.460 (10)
C3—N31.426 (13)C7—H7A0.98
C4—O21.265 (11)C7—H7B0.98
C4—N41.354 (10)C7—H7C0.98
C4—N31.387 (11)N2—H20.88
N2—C1—N1110.1 (8)H6A—C6—H6C109.5
N2—C1—H1124.9H6B—C6—H6C109.5
N1—C1—H1124.9N4—C7—H7A109.5
C3—C2—N2132.6 (8)N4—C7—H7B109.5
C3—C2—C5123.9 (9)H7A—C7—H7B109.5
N2—C2—C5103.5 (7)N4—C7—H7C109.5
O1—C3—C2127.6 (9)H7A—C7—H7C109.5
O1—C3—N3119.6 (8)H7B—C7—H7C109.5
C2—C3—N3112.8 (8)C5—N1—C1103.2 (7)
O2—C4—N4120.4 (8)C1—N2—C2109.0 (8)
O2—C4—N3119.1 (8)C1—N2—H2125.5
N4—C4—N3120.5 (8)C2—N2—H2125.5
N1—C5—C2114.2 (8)C4—N3—C3124.0 (8)
N1—C5—N4124.9 (8)C4—N3—C6116.5 (8)
C2—C5—N4120.9 (8)C3—N3—C6119.5 (8)
N3—C6—H6A109.5C4—N4—C5117.8 (8)
N3—C6—H6B109.5C4—N4—C7122.9 (8)
H6A—C6—H6B109.5C5—N4—C7119.3 (7)
N3—C6—H6C109.5
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N2—H2···O2i0.881.922.743 (11)155
C1—H1···N1ii0.952.413.267 (12)150
Symmetry codes: (i) x1/2, y+1/2, z1; (ii) x, y+1, z1/2.

Experimental details

(IV)(I)
Crystal data
Chemical formulaC7H8N4O2C7H8N4O2
Mr180.17180.17
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/cOrthorhombic, Pna21
Temperature (K)100100
a, b, c (Å)7.7055 (1), 13.0010 (2), 15.7794 (3)13.158 (2), 15.630 (3), 3.854 (1)
α, β, γ (°)90, 103.224 (1), 9090, 90, 90
V3)1538.85 (4)792.6 (3)
Z84
Radiation typeMo KαMo Kα
µ (mm1)0.120.12
Crystal size (mm)0.25 × 0.2 × 0.080.25 × 0.06 × 0.03
Data collection
DiffractometerNonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
Nonius KappaCCD area-detector
diffractometer
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(Blessing, 1989)
Multi-scan
(SORTAV; Blessing, 1989)
Tmin, Tmax0.971, 0.9910.972, 0.997
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
35162, 3023, 2275 1246, 764, 462
Rint0.0750.040
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.6170.603
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.050, 0.138, 1.07 0.088, 0.202, 0.98
No. of reflections3023764
No. of parameters300120
No. of restraints01
H-atom treatmentAll H-atom parameters refinedH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)0.25, 0.320.34, 0.30
Absolute structure?Flack (1983), no. Friedel pairs?
Absolute structure parameter?10 (10)

Computer programs: COLLECT (Hooft, 1998), HKL SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), HKL DENZO and SCALEPACK (Otwinowski & Minor, 1997), SIR92 (Altomare et al., 1994), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997), WinGX publication routines (Farrugia, 1999).

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) for (IV) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N2—H2···O110.97 (3)1.80 (3)2.736 (2)163 (3)
N12—H12···O10.98 (3)1.80 (3)2.759 (2)168 (3)
C1—H1···N11i1.00 (2)2.29 (2)3.266 (3)165 (2)
C11—H11···O2ii1.00 (3)2.38 (3)3.222 (3)141 (2)
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1/2, z+1/2; (ii) x, y1/2, z+1/2.
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) for (I) top
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N2—H2···O2i0.881.922.743 (11)155
C1—H1···N1ii0.952.413.267 (12)150
Symmetry codes: (i) x1/2, y+1/2, z1; (ii) x, y+1, z1/2.
 

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