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The mass absorption factor μ*0j of an unknown sample can be determined by mixing of the sample with a substance for which the mass absorption coefficient μ*0K is known, and then measuring the intensity of the analytical lines of the mixture and the sample. The optimal concentration of a substance added to the unknown sample is determined by the conditions which will give a minimal analytical error. The optimal concentration is equal to 1/(1 + 2μ*0K/μ*0j) when mixing is effected with a sample containing the phase to be determined (method of addition) or with an internal standard and to 1/(1 + 0.5 μ*0K/μ*0j) when mixing is performed with a substance which does not contain the phase to be determined (dilution method).