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A new method for determination of the polarization factor of a crystal monochromator is presented. This method is based on the use of polarized X-rays produced by anomalous transmission or the Borrmann effect. The polarization factors of two quartz (101) monochromators of Johansson type have been measured with Cu Kα radiation, and the resulting values are in close agreement with the expression derived from the kinematic diffraction theory.