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To a first approximation, the cadmium centre in the centrosymmetric title compound, [Cd(S2COCH3)2], exists within an S4 donor set which defines a distorted square planar geometry. Molecules associate in the crystal structure via Cd-S interactions above and below the square plane, so as to form stacks that might be considered as edge-shared, tetragonally distorted octahedra.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 198299
Key indicators
- Single-crystal synchrotron study
- T = 123 K
- Mean (O-C) = 0.003 Å
- R factor = 0.030
- wR factor = 0.073
- Data-to-parameter ratio = 18.1
checkCIF results
No syntax errors found
ADDSYM reports no extra symmetry
Alert Level C:
HYDTR_01 Alert C The hydrogen treatment should only be one of the following
keywords
* refall
* refxyz
* refU
* noref
* undef
* constr
* none
* mixed
Hydrogen treatment given as see experimental section
General Notes
ABSMU_01 Radiation type not identified. Calculation of
_exptl_absorpt_correction_mu not performed.
0 Alert Level A = Potentially serious problem
0 Alert Level B = Potential problem
1 Alert Level C = Please check
Pale-yellow crystals were obtained from the slow evaporation of an acetone solution of the compound that had been prepared following the literature procedure (Abrahams et al., 1988).
The methyl group was placed torsionally from the Fourier. Isotropic displacement parameters for all three H atoms were refined and the methyl group was allowed to rotate but not to tip.
Data collection: SMART-KAPPA (Bruker, 1998); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2000); data reduction: SHELXTL (Bruker, 2000); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS86 (Sheldrick, 1986); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEPII (Johnson, 1976); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97.
Crystal data top
[Cd(S2C2H3O)2] | F(000) = 632 |
Mr = 326.73 | Dx = 2.415 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.56357 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 2655 reflections |
a = 19.006 (2) Å | θ = 2.7–21.4° |
b = 3.9728 (3) Å | µ = 1.72 mm−1 |
c = 12.5126 (14) Å | T = 123 K |
β = 107.993 (4)° | Plate, yellow |
V = 898.59 (17) Å3 | 0.03 × 0.03 × 0.01 mm |
Z = 4 | |
Data collection top
Bruker Mosaic KappaCCD diffractometer | 1031 independent reflections |
Radiation source: APS 15-ID-C synchrotron | 992 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Silicon monochromator | Rint = 0.084 |
ϕ scans | θmax = 21.4°, θmin = 1.8° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Blessing, 1995) | h = −24→23 |
Tmin = 0.958, Tmax = 0.998 | k = 0→5 |
6696 measured reflections | l = 0→16 |
Refinement top
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.030 | See experimental section |
wR(F2) = 0.073 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0667P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.01 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
1031 reflections | Δρmax = 0.72 e Å−3 |
57 parameters | Δρmin = −1.22 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.0301 (16) |
Crystal data top
[Cd(S2C2H3O)2] | V = 898.59 (17) Å3 |
Mr = 326.73 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.56357 Å |
a = 19.006 (2) Å | µ = 1.72 mm−1 |
b = 3.9728 (3) Å | T = 123 K |
c = 12.5126 (14) Å | 0.03 × 0.03 × 0.01 mm |
β = 107.993 (4)° | |
Data collection top
Bruker Mosaic KappaCCD diffractometer | 1031 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Blessing, 1995) | 992 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.958, Tmax = 0.998 | Rint = 0.084 |
6696 measured reflections | |
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.030 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.073 | See experimental section |
S = 1.01 | Δρmax = 0.72 e Å−3 |
1031 reflections | Δρmin = −1.22 e Å−3 |
57 parameters | |
Special details top
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R-factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
Cd | 0.2500 | 0.2500 | 0.0000 | 0.01603 (16) | |
S1 | 0.35350 (3) | 0.70595 (14) | 0.08140 (5) | 0.01264 (17) | |
S2 | 0.31582 (2) | 0.41115 (11) | −0.15051 (3) | 0.01345 (18) | |
C1 | 0.37211 (9) | 0.6362 (5) | −0.04373 (14) | 0.0118 (4) | |
O1 | 0.43460 (12) | 0.7738 (3) | −0.04763 (15) | 0.0149 (4) | |
C2 | 0.45575 (14) | 0.7352 (5) | −0.1491 (2) | 0.0172 (5) | |
H2a | 0.4582 | 0.4954 | −0.1659 | 0.021 (6)* | |
H2b | 0.5043 | 0.8385 | −0.1379 | 0.025 (6)* | |
H2c | 0.4190 | 0.8459 | −0.2120 | 0.014 (5)* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
Cd | 0.0175 (2) | 0.0159 (2) | 0.0174 (2) | −0.00469 (6) | 0.00938 (13) | −0.00186 (6) |
S1 | 0.0144 (3) | 0.0155 (3) | 0.0083 (3) | −0.00119 (16) | 0.0041 (2) | −0.00103 (16) |
S2 | 0.0144 (3) | 0.0166 (3) | 0.0092 (2) | −0.00256 (14) | 0.00337 (17) | −0.00170 (15) |
C1 | 0.0125 (8) | 0.0123 (9) | 0.0101 (8) | 0.0015 (6) | 0.0030 (6) | 0.0025 (7) |
O1 | 0.0135 (7) | 0.0202 (10) | 0.0124 (8) | −0.0029 (4) | 0.0058 (6) | −0.0013 (4) |
C2 | 0.0170 (11) | 0.0238 (13) | 0.0146 (11) | −0.0017 (6) | 0.0102 (9) | −0.0014 (6) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Cd—S1 | 2.6364 (6) | C1—O1 | 1.322 (3) |
Cd—S2 | 2.6413 (5) | O1—C2 | 1.454 (3) |
Cd—S1i | 2.8881 (6) | C2—H2a | 0.9800 |
S1—C1 | 1.7307 (18) | C2—H2b | 0.9800 |
S2—C1 | 1.6871 (19) | C2—H2c | 0.9800 |
| | | |
S1—Cd—S2 | 69.373 (17) | S2—C1—O1 | 123.17 (14) |
S1—Cd—S2ii | 110.627 (17) | S1—C1—S2 | 122.99 (11) |
S1—Cd—S1iii | 88.150 (19) | C1—O1—C2 | 118.87 (17) |
S2—Cd—S1iii | 89.322 (16) | O1—C2—H2A | 109.5 |
S2—Cd—S1i | 90.679 (16) | O1—C2—H2B | 109.5 |
Cd—S1—C1 | 82.94 (7) | H2A—C2—H2B | 109.5 |
Cd—S2—C1 | 83.57 (6) | O1—C2—H2C | 109.5 |
C1—S1—Cdiv | 96.20 (6) | H2A—C2—H2C | 109.5 |
Cd—S1—Cdiv | 91.850 (19) | H2B—C2—H2C | 109.5 |
S1—C1—O1 | 113.84 (14) | | |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z; (ii) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z; (iii) −x+1/2, −y+3/2, −z; (iv) x, y+1, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data |
Chemical formula | [Cd(S2C2H3O)2] |
Mr | 326.73 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 123 |
a, b, c (Å) | 19.006 (2), 3.9728 (3), 12.5126 (14) |
β (°) | 107.993 (4) |
V (Å3) | 898.59 (17) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Synchrotron, λ = 0.56357 Å |
µ (mm−1) | 1.72 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.03 × 0.03 × 0.01 |
|
Data collection |
Diffractometer | Bruker Mosaic KappaCCD diffractometer |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Blessing, 1995) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.958, 0.998 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 6696, 1031, 992 |
Rint | 0.084 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.647 |
|
Refinement |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.030, 0.073, 1.01 |
No. of reflections | 1031 |
No. of parameters | 57 |
H-atom treatment | See experimental section |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.72, −1.22 |
Selected geometric parameters (Å, º) topCd—S1 | 2.6364 (6) | S2—C1 | 1.6871 (19) |
Cd—S2 | 2.6413 (5) | C1—O1 | 1.322 (3) |
Cd—S1i | 2.8881 (6) | O1—C2 | 1.454 (3) |
S1—C1 | 1.7307 (18) | | |
| | | |
S1—Cd—S2 | 69.373 (17) | S1—C1—O1 | 113.84 (14) |
S1—Cd—S2ii | 110.627 (17) | S2—C1—O1 | 123.17 (14) |
S2—Cd—S1i | 90.679 (16) | S1—C1—S2 | 122.99 (11) |
Cd—S1—C1 | 82.94 (7) | C1—O1—C2 | 118.87 (17) |
Cd—S2—C1 | 83.57 (6) | | |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z; (ii) −x+1/2, −y+1/2, −z. |
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As highlighted in a bibliographic review of the binary 1,1-dithiolates, e.g. dithiocarbamate (−S2CNR2), xanthate (−S2COR), and dithiophosphate (−S2P(OR)2) anions, the structural chemistry of this class of ligands is extraordinarily diverse (Cox & Tiekink, 1997). Particularly interesting is the observation that very different structural types may be found even when there has only been a minor change in the nature of the organic substituent. Pertinent to the present paper are the structures of the cadmium bis(xanthate)s.
The structure of the butylxanthate, i.e. Cd(S2COnBu)2, features tetrahedral cadmium centres and bridging xanthate ligands so that a layer structure is formed (Rietveld & Maslen, 1965). A similar motif is found for the ethyl- (Iimura, Ito & Hagihara, 1972) and isopropyl-xanthates (Iimura, 1973; Tomlin et al., 1999; Tiekink, 2000). Incredibly, exchanging the γ-methylene group in Cd(S2COnBu)2 for an O atom, giving Cd(S2COCH2CH2OMe)2, leads to an entirely different motif based on a square planar geometry (Abrahams et al., 1988). The challenge remains to rationalize the diverse structures found in the solid state.
Systematic studies in this field have been hampered by the inability to grow suitable crystals for X-ray analysis. In the case of the title compound, Cd(S2COMe)2, (I), this difficulty has been overcome by the utilization of synchrotron radiation that has enabled a full structure determination on a microcrystal with dimensions 0.01 x 0.025 x 0.025 mm. As described, the structure of (I) resembles that reported earlier for Cd(S2COCH2CH2OMe)2 (Abrahams et al., 1988).
The molecular structure of (I) (Fig. 1 & Table 1) is centrosymmetric and features two almost symmetrically chelating xanthate ligands that define an S4 donor set leading, to a first approximation, to a square planar geometry. The variation of the parameters associated with the independent xanthate ligand are as expected; see Table 1. Molecules associate in the crystal structure to form stacks between translationally related molecules aligned along b; one such stack is illustrated in Fig. 2. These are held in place by close Cd···S interactions occurring above and below the square plane. The Cd···S1i (i: x, y − 1, z) distance of 2.8881 (6) Å is at least 0.24 Å longer than the weaker of the Cd—S bonds defining the square plane. The comparable intermolecular Cd—S interaction in the structure of Cd(S2COCH2CH2OMe)2 was reported to be significantly longer at 3.0225 (8) Å (Abrahams et al., 1988). If the Cd—S1i interaction in (I) was considered significant, the coordination geometry could be considered as tetragoanlly distorted octahedral and the crystal structure thought of being comprised of edge-shared octahedra.