Buy article online - an online subscription or single-article purchase is required to access this article.
Download citation
Download citation
link to html
In the title compound, [PdI2(C18H24N2)], the coordination at the Pd atom is distorted square planar; the ligand bite is 79.19 (17)°. The compound is isotypic with the dichlorido analogue. The Pd—N bond lengths of 2.047 (4) and 2.062 (4)Å are ca 0.03 Å longer than those of the chloride derivative.

Supporting information

cif

Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807050830/bt2547sup1.cif
Contains datablocks I, global

hkl

Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807050830/bt2547Isup2.hkl
Contains datablock I

CCDC reference: 667181

Key indicators

  • Single-crystal X-ray study
  • T = 100 K
  • Mean [sigma](C-C) = 0.008 Å
  • R factor = 0.043
  • wR factor = 0.121
  • Data-to-parameter ratio = 24.0

checkCIF/PLATON results

No syntax errors found



Alert level B PLAT232_ALERT_2_B Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X) I1 - Pd .. 30.01 su PLAT232_ALERT_2_B Hirshfeld Test Diff (M-X) I2 - Pd .. 15.37 su
Alert level C PLAT062_ALERT_4_C Rescale T(min) & T(max) by ..................... 0.99 PLAT125_ALERT_4_C No _symmetry_space_group_name_Hall Given ....... ? PLAT220_ALERT_2_C Large Non-Solvent C Ueq(max)/Ueq(min) ... 3.39 Ratio PLAT222_ALERT_3_C Large Non-Solvent H Ueq(max)/Ueq(min) ... 3.94 Ratio
Alert level G PLAT794_ALERT_5_G Check Predicted Bond Valency for Pd (2) 2.22
0 ALERT level A = In general: serious problem 2 ALERT level B = Potentially serious problem 4 ALERT level C = Check and explain 1 ALERT level G = General alerts; check 0 ALERT type 1 CIF construction/syntax error, inconsistent or missing data 3 ALERT type 2 Indicator that the structure model may be wrong or deficient 1 ALERT type 3 Indicator that the structure quality may be low 2 ALERT type 4 Improvement, methodology, query or suggestion 1 ALERT type 5 Informative message, check

Comment top

Crystals of the title compound were unintentionally obtained by the liquid diffusion method from solutions of [C6{PdI(tBubpy)}3-1,3,5-(CH2OH)3–2,4,6] in CDCl3 layered with n-hexane (this sample was used for structure determination) or [PdI{C(O)C6H4{NHC(Me)?CHC(O)Me}-2}(tBubpy)] in CH2Cl2 layered with diethyl ether (cell determination only).

The molecular structure is shown in Fig. 1. The coordination at palladium is square planar (Table 1), but slightly distorted by the narrow bite of the chelating ligand. The least-squares plane though Pd and the four donor atoms has an r.m.s. deviation of 0.102 Å, whereby the donor atoms deviate from the plane alternately by ca ±0.1 Å. The planes of the bipyridine ligand subtend an interplanar angle of 9.8 (2)°.

The crystal structure of the homologous chloro complex [PdCl2(tBubpy)] has been determined twice (Qin et al., 2002; MacLean et al., 2002). The chloro and iodo complexes appear to be isotypic, although the beta angle of the chloro (96.6°) is significantly narrower than that of the iodo complex. The Pd—N bonds in the diiodo complex [2.047 (4), 2.062 (4) Å] are slightly longer than in the dichloro complex [2.028 (6), 2.029 (6) or 2.015 (3), 2.022 (3) Å], reflecting the greater trans influence of iodo ligands.

Related literature top

For related literature, see: MacLean et al. (2002); Qin et al. (2002).

Experimental top

The pure compound was prepared in 87% yield from PdCl2, tBubpy and NaI (1:1:4, in acetone, 2 h at room temperature). The complex was extracted into dichloromethane and precipitated with diethyl ether. M.p. > 320 °C. 1H-NMR: (600 MHz, CDCl3): δ 1.45 (s, 18 H, tBu), 7.50 (dd, 2 H, H5, 3JHH = 6 Hz, 4JHH = 2 Hz), 7.95 (d, 2 H, H3, 4JHH = 2 Hz), 9.81 (d, 2H, H6, 3JHH = 6 Hz). 13C{1H-NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3): δ 30.5 (Me), 35.9 (CMe3), 119.5 (CH3), 124.6 (C5), 153.8 (C6), 156.5 (C2), 164.2 (C4). Analysis: calcd for C18H24I2N2Pd: C, 34.39; H, 3.85; N, 4.46; Found: C, 34.50; H, 3.77; N, 4.62%.

Refinement top

Methyl hydrogen atoms were located in a difference synthesis; the methyl groups were idealized and refined as rigid groups allowed to rotate but not tip, with C—H 0.98 Å, H—C—H 109.5°. Other hydrogen atoms were included using a riding model with C—H 0.95 Å; U(H) values were fixed at n × Ueq(C) of the parent C atom, with n = 1.5 for methyl and 1.2 for other H atoms.

The two largest difference peaks lie 0.4 Å from the Pd atom.

Structure description top

Crystals of the title compound were unintentionally obtained by the liquid diffusion method from solutions of [C6{PdI(tBubpy)}3-1,3,5-(CH2OH)3–2,4,6] in CDCl3 layered with n-hexane (this sample was used for structure determination) or [PdI{C(O)C6H4{NHC(Me)?CHC(O)Me}-2}(tBubpy)] in CH2Cl2 layered with diethyl ether (cell determination only).

The molecular structure is shown in Fig. 1. The coordination at palladium is square planar (Table 1), but slightly distorted by the narrow bite of the chelating ligand. The least-squares plane though Pd and the four donor atoms has an r.m.s. deviation of 0.102 Å, whereby the donor atoms deviate from the plane alternately by ca ±0.1 Å. The planes of the bipyridine ligand subtend an interplanar angle of 9.8 (2)°.

The crystal structure of the homologous chloro complex [PdCl2(tBubpy)] has been determined twice (Qin et al., 2002; MacLean et al., 2002). The chloro and iodo complexes appear to be isotypic, although the beta angle of the chloro (96.6°) is significantly narrower than that of the iodo complex. The Pd—N bonds in the diiodo complex [2.047 (4), 2.062 (4) Å] are slightly longer than in the dichloro complex [2.028 (6), 2.029 (6) or 2.015 (3), 2.022 (3) Å], reflecting the greater trans influence of iodo ligands.

For related literature, see: MacLean et al. (2002); Qin et al. (2002).

Computing details top

Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 1998); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 1998); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 1998); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: XP (Siemens, 1994); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997).

Figures top
[Figure 1] Fig. 1. The formula unit of the title compound in the crystal. Ellipsoids represent 50% probability levels.
(SP-4–2)-(4,4'-Di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine- κN,κN')diiodidopalladium(II) top
Crystal data top
[PdI2(C18H24N2)]F(000) = 1192
Mr = 628.59Dx = 2.105 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 7.7201 (6) ÅCell parameters from 9885 reflections
b = 19.4695 (16) Åθ = 2.6–28.8°
c = 13.4120 (11) ŵ = 4.05 mm1
β = 100.290 (4)°T = 100 K
V = 1983.5 (3) Å3Prism, brown
Z = 40.15 × 0.07 × 0.07 mm
Data collection top
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector
diffractometer
5132 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube4403 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.038
φ and ω scansθmax = 28.7°, θmin = 1.9°
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 1998)
h = 1010
Tmin = 0.643, Tmax = 0.765k = 2626
65072 measured reflectionsl = 1818
Refinement top
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.043Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.121H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.07 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0506P)2 + 20.9904P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
5132 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
214 parametersΔρmax = 2.95 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = 2.64 e Å3
Crystal data top
[PdI2(C18H24N2)]V = 1983.5 (3) Å3
Mr = 628.59Z = 4
Monoclinic, P21/cMo Kα radiation
a = 7.7201 (6) ŵ = 4.05 mm1
b = 19.4695 (16) ÅT = 100 K
c = 13.4120 (11) Å0.15 × 0.07 × 0.07 mm
β = 100.290 (4)°
Data collection top
Bruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector
diffractometer
5132 independent reflections
Absorption correction: multi-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 1998)
4403 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Tmin = 0.643, Tmax = 0.765Rint = 0.038
65072 measured reflections
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0430 restraints
wR(F2) = 0.121H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.07 w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0506P)2 + 20.9904P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
5132 reflectionsΔρmax = 2.95 e Å3
214 parametersΔρmin = 2.64 e Å3
Special details top

Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.

Least-squares planes (x,y,z in crystal coordinates) and deviations from them (* indicates atom used to define plane)

6.7811 (0.0033) x + 5.5841 (0.0167) y + 2.9416 (0.0118) z = 6.0043 (0.0102)

* 0.0153 (0.0014) Pd * 0.1254 (0.0021) N1 * -0.1325 (0.0021) N11 * -0.1004 (0.0016) I1 * 0.0922 (0.0016) I2

Rms deviation of fitted atoms = 0.1021

7.4041 (0.0047) x + 2.7758 (0.0447) y + 0.9312 (0.0274) z = 3.5963 (0.0293)

Angle to previous plane (with approximate e.s.d.) = 12.35 (0.16)

* 0.0039 (0.0036) N1 * 0.0070 (0.0036) C2 * -0.0129 (0.0037) C3 * 0.0083 (0.0037) C4 * 0.0022 (0.0040) C5 * -0.0085 (0.0041) C6

Rms deviation of fitted atoms = 0.0079

7.0350 (0.0076) x + 1.8324 (0.0427) y + 3.1076 (0.0311) z = 4.2574 (0.0208)

Angle to previous plane (with approximate e.s.d.) = 9.78 (1/5)

* -0.0132 (0.0035) N11 * 0.0068 (0.0036) C12 * 0.0052 (0.0038) C13 * -0.0110 (0.0040) C14 * 0.0050 (0.0043) C15 * 0.0071 (0.0042) C16

Rms deviation of fitted atoms = 0.0086

Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Pd0.24845 (5)0.57498 (2)0.38217 (3)0.01519 (10)
I10.14298 (7)0.69901 (2)0.35049 (3)0.03758 (14)
I20.33171 (6)0.57969 (2)0.20742 (3)0.03264 (13)
N10.2067 (6)0.5684 (2)0.5283 (3)0.0151 (8)
C20.2257 (7)0.5047 (2)0.5707 (3)0.0124 (9)
C30.2144 (7)0.4936 (2)0.6717 (4)0.0135 (9)
H30.22430.44830.69830.016*
C40.1887 (7)0.5487 (3)0.7348 (4)0.0145 (9)
C50.1693 (8)0.6136 (3)0.6890 (4)0.0197 (11)
H50.15020.65270.72810.024*
C60.1777 (8)0.6212 (3)0.5882 (4)0.0201 (11)
H60.16230.66580.55930.024*
C70.1949 (7)0.5410 (3)0.8480 (4)0.0168 (10)
C80.1975 (8)0.4657 (3)0.8812 (4)0.0202 (11)
H8A0.09260.44240.84480.030*
H8B0.19840.46340.95420.030*
H8C0.30330.44330.86570.030*
C90.0338 (9)0.5766 (3)0.8799 (5)0.0264 (12)
H9A0.02840.62460.85730.040*
H9B0.04530.57510.95380.040*
H9C0.07410.55280.84880.040*
C100.3628 (9)0.5758 (3)0.9012 (4)0.0250 (12)
H10A0.46450.55550.87770.037*
H10B0.37490.56940.97460.037*
H10C0.35720.62500.88550.037*
N110.2985 (6)0.4722 (2)0.4115 (3)0.0157 (8)
C120.2671 (7)0.4498 (3)0.5022 (3)0.0134 (9)
C130.2737 (7)0.3806 (3)0.5276 (4)0.0173 (10)
H130.25040.36670.59180.021*
C140.3140 (8)0.3312 (3)0.4602 (4)0.0197 (11)
C150.3502 (8)0.3563 (3)0.3687 (4)0.0254 (12)
H150.38110.32500.32040.030*
C160.3421 (8)0.4250 (3)0.3473 (4)0.0219 (11)
H160.36830.44000.28430.026*
C170.3111 (9)0.2538 (3)0.4818 (5)0.0272 (13)
C180.3405 (9)0.2390 (3)0.5955 (5)0.0285 (13)
H18A0.45430.25800.62790.043*
H18B0.33980.18930.60660.043*
H18C0.24620.26040.62490.043*
C190.1298 (11)0.2262 (3)0.4317 (6)0.0421 (19)
H19A0.03830.24700.46400.063*
H19B0.12740.17620.43970.063*
H19C0.10810.23770.35940.063*
C200.4554 (11)0.2171 (4)0.4360 (5)0.0376 (17)
H20A0.43210.22300.36220.056*
H20B0.45550.16810.45240.056*
H20C0.57040.23700.46410.056*
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Pd0.0179 (2)0.01681 (19)0.00966 (17)0.00128 (15)0.00068 (13)0.00382 (13)
I10.0497 (3)0.0287 (2)0.0323 (2)0.00421 (19)0.00187 (19)0.01204 (17)
I20.0357 (2)0.0439 (3)0.02018 (19)0.00452 (19)0.00987 (16)0.00242 (16)
N10.019 (2)0.012 (2)0.0141 (19)0.0023 (16)0.0016 (16)0.0007 (15)
C20.016 (2)0.010 (2)0.010 (2)0.0001 (17)0.0005 (17)0.0007 (16)
C30.018 (2)0.010 (2)0.012 (2)0.0015 (18)0.0014 (17)0.0005 (17)
C40.016 (2)0.013 (2)0.013 (2)0.0011 (19)0.0001 (17)0.0007 (18)
C50.027 (3)0.012 (2)0.019 (2)0.004 (2)0.002 (2)0.0009 (19)
C60.032 (3)0.010 (2)0.016 (2)0.005 (2)0.002 (2)0.0000 (18)
C70.025 (3)0.014 (2)0.012 (2)0.004 (2)0.0046 (19)0.0028 (17)
C80.027 (3)0.018 (3)0.015 (2)0.003 (2)0.006 (2)0.0025 (19)
C90.033 (3)0.023 (3)0.028 (3)0.003 (2)0.017 (2)0.003 (2)
C100.035 (3)0.028 (3)0.011 (2)0.012 (3)0.002 (2)0.005 (2)
N110.017 (2)0.019 (2)0.0108 (18)0.0027 (17)0.0013 (15)0.0001 (16)
C120.016 (2)0.014 (2)0.009 (2)0.0004 (18)0.0004 (17)0.0013 (17)
C130.025 (3)0.013 (2)0.013 (2)0.004 (2)0.0004 (19)0.0007 (18)
C140.025 (3)0.016 (2)0.015 (2)0.008 (2)0.004 (2)0.0040 (19)
C150.035 (3)0.025 (3)0.015 (2)0.011 (2)0.002 (2)0.006 (2)
C160.028 (3)0.025 (3)0.013 (2)0.004 (2)0.005 (2)0.004 (2)
C170.042 (4)0.015 (3)0.022 (3)0.012 (2)0.002 (2)0.004 (2)
C180.041 (4)0.018 (3)0.025 (3)0.011 (3)0.001 (2)0.001 (2)
C190.058 (5)0.015 (3)0.044 (4)0.002 (3)0.016 (3)0.006 (3)
C200.064 (5)0.026 (3)0.021 (3)0.026 (3)0.005 (3)0.001 (2)
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Pd—N12.047 (4)C3—H30.9500
Pd—N112.062 (4)C5—H50.9500
Pd—I22.5403 (6)C6—H60.9500
Pd—I12.5596 (6)C8—H8A0.9800
N1—C61.348 (7)C8—H8B0.9800
N1—C21.361 (6)C8—H8C0.9800
C2—C31.389 (7)C9—H9A0.9800
C2—C121.481 (7)C9—H9B0.9800
C3—C41.402 (7)C9—H9C0.9800
C4—C51.402 (7)C10—H10A0.9800
C4—C71.519 (7)C10—H10B0.9800
C5—C61.373 (7)C10—H10C0.9800
C7—C101.523 (8)C13—H130.9500
C7—C81.530 (7)C15—H150.9500
C7—C91.549 (8)C16—H160.9500
N11—C161.343 (7)C18—H18A0.9800
N11—C121.354 (6)C18—H18B0.9800
C12—C131.389 (7)C18—H18C0.9800
C13—C141.392 (7)C19—H19A0.9800
C14—C151.394 (8)C19—H19B0.9800
C14—C171.536 (8)C19—H19C0.9800
C15—C161.368 (8)C20—H20A0.9800
C17—C181.529 (8)C20—H20B0.9800
C17—C191.538 (10)C20—H20C0.9800
C17—C201.540 (9)
N1—Pd—N1179.19 (17)C4—C5—H5119.7
N1—Pd—I2174.30 (13)N1—C6—H6118.4
N11—Pd—I298.14 (12)C5—C6—H6118.4
N1—Pd—I196.79 (12)C7—C8—H8A109.5
N11—Pd—I1171.98 (13)C7—C8—H8B109.5
I2—Pd—I186.459 (19)H8A—C8—H8B109.5
C6—N1—C2117.6 (4)C7—C8—H8C109.5
C6—N1—Pd126.5 (4)H8A—C8—H8C109.5
C2—N1—Pd115.7 (3)H8B—C8—H8C109.5
N1—C2—C3121.9 (4)C7—C9—H9A109.5
N1—C2—C12114.6 (4)C7—C9—H9B109.5
C3—C2—C12123.4 (4)H9A—C9—H9B109.5
C2—C3—C4120.6 (5)C7—C9—H9C109.5
C3—C4—C5116.2 (5)H9A—C9—H9C109.5
C3—C4—C7123.1 (5)H9B—C9—H9C109.5
C5—C4—C7120.6 (5)C7—C10—H10A109.5
C6—C5—C4120.6 (5)C7—C10—H10B109.5
N1—C6—C5123.1 (5)H10A—C10—H10B109.5
C4—C7—C10107.2 (4)C7—C10—H10C109.5
C4—C7—C8112.4 (4)H10A—C10—H10C109.5
C10—C7—C8108.9 (5)H10B—C10—H10C109.5
C4—C7—C9110.4 (5)C12—C13—H13119.5
C10—C7—C9109.2 (5)C14—C13—H13119.5
C8—C7—C9108.6 (4)C16—C15—H15119.4
C16—N11—C12117.5 (5)C14—C15—H15119.4
C16—N11—Pd127.0 (4)N11—C16—H16118.6
C12—N11—Pd115.2 (3)C15—C16—H16118.6
N11—C12—C13121.8 (5)C17—C18—H18A109.5
N11—C12—C2114.7 (4)C17—C18—H18B109.5
C13—C12—C2123.4 (4)H18A—C18—H18B109.5
C12—C13—C14120.9 (5)C17—C18—H18C109.5
C13—C14—C15115.7 (5)H18A—C18—H18C109.5
C13—C14—C17122.8 (5)H18B—C18—H18C109.5
C15—C14—C17121.4 (5)C17—C19—H19A109.5
C16—C15—C14121.2 (5)C17—C19—H19B109.5
N11—C16—C15122.8 (5)H19A—C19—H19B109.5
C18—C17—C14111.6 (5)C17—C19—H19C109.5
C18—C17—C19109.4 (6)H19A—C19—H19C109.5
C14—C17—C19107.7 (5)H19B—C19—H19C109.5
C18—C17—C20108.8 (5)C17—C20—H20A109.5
C14—C17—C20110.1 (6)C17—C20—H20B109.5
C19—C17—C20109.3 (6)H20A—C20—H20B109.5
C2—C3—H3119.7C17—C20—H20C109.5
C4—C3—H3119.7H20A—C20—H20C109.5
C6—C5—H5119.7H20B—C20—H20C109.5

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[PdI2(C18H24N2)]
Mr628.59
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21/c
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c (Å)7.7201 (6), 19.4695 (16), 13.4120 (11)
β (°) 100.290 (4)
V3)1983.5 (3)
Z4
Radiation typeMo Kα
µ (mm1)4.05
Crystal size (mm)0.15 × 0.07 × 0.07
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker SMART 1000 CCD area-detector
Absorption correctionMulti-scan
(SADABS; Bruker, 1998)
Tmin, Tmax0.643, 0.765
No. of measured, independent and
observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections
65072, 5132, 4403
Rint0.038
(sin θ/λ)max1)0.676
Refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S 0.043, 0.121, 1.07
No. of reflections5132
No. of parameters214
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0506P)2 + 20.9904P]
where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å3)2.95, 2.64

Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 1998), SAINT (Bruker, 1998), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1990), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997), XP (Siemens, 1994).

Selected geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Pd—N12.047 (4)Pd—I22.5403 (6)
Pd—N112.062 (4)Pd—I12.5596 (6)
N1—Pd—N1179.19 (17)N1—Pd—I196.79 (12)
N1—Pd—I2174.30 (13)N11—Pd—I1171.98 (13)
N11—Pd—I298.14 (12)I2—Pd—I186.459 (19)
 

Subscribe to Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications

The full text of this article is available to subscribers to the journal.

If you have already registered and are using a computer listed in your registration details, please email support@iucr.org for assistance.

Buy online

You may purchase this article in PDF and/or HTML formats. For purchasers in the European Community who do not have a VAT number, VAT will be added at the local rate. Payments to the IUCr are handled by WorldPay, who will accept payment by credit card in several currencies. To purchase the article, please complete the form below (fields marked * are required), and then click on `Continue'.
E-mail address* 
Repeat e-mail address* 
(for error checking) 

Format*   PDF (US $40)
   HTML (US $40)
   PDF+HTML (US $50)
In order for VAT to be shown for your country javascript needs to be enabled.

VAT number 
(non-UK EC countries only) 
Country* 
 

Terms and conditions of use
Contact us

Follow Acta Cryst. E
Sign up for e-alerts
Follow Acta Cryst. on Twitter
Follow us on facebook
Sign up for RSS feeds