Supporting information
Crystallographic Information File (CIF) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807034812/bt2439sup1.cif | |
Structure factor file (CIF format) https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536807034812/bt2439Isup2.hkl |
CCDC reference: 657815
A 100 ml three-necked round-bottomed flask was equipped with an argon inlet adapter, rubber septum, glass stopper and a magnetic stirring bar. The flask was filled with 5 ml of dichloromethane and o-vanillin (608.61 mg, 0.004 mol), and was then cooled in an ice-water bath while a solution of m-phenylene diamine (216.29 mg, 0.002 mol) in 5 ml of dichloromethane was added dropwise via syringe over 15 min. After 30 min, 10 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate was added in one portion. The ice-water bath was removed, and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The resulting mixture was then filtered through a sintered glass funnel with an aid of two 10 ml portions of dichloromehtane, and the filtrate was concentrated at reduced pressure by rotary evaporation at room temperature to afford an orange powder. This material was dissolved in 150 ml of ethanol heated in an 353 K water bath while 270 ml of hot water was added with stirring. The resulting solution was allowed to cool to room temperature and was then further cooled in an ice-water bath for 2 h. Filtration provided the 6,6'-dimethoxy-2,2'-[m-phenylenebis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenol. The crude product was then purified by column chromatography with n-hexane–diethyl ether 1:4. The product was dissolved in chloroform, and single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by evaporating the solvent at room temperature.
O-bound H atoms were located in a difference map and refined isotropically. The remaining H atoms were positional geometrically and refined as riding, with C—H distances in the range 0.93 - 0.96 Å. The Uiso values were constrained to be 1.5 Ueq of the carrier atom for methyl H atoms and 1.2 Ueq for the remaining H atoms. The methyl groups were allowed to rotate but not to tip.
Schiff bases rank among the most versatile synthetic organic intermediates. They are reported to show a variety of biological activities including antifungal (Singh & Dash, 1988; More et al., 2001), antibacterial (Baseer et al., 2000; El-Masry et al., 2000; Kabeer et al., 2001) and anticancer (Kuz'min et al., 2000; Desai et al., 2001) among others. They are also employed as receptors to the neutral guest molecules (Park & Kim, 2000) and found many applications in bioorganic catalysis, separation process and environmental chemistry (Trevin et al., 1997; Bedioui et al., 1999; Campos et al., 1999). The imines formed from the reaction of the aldehydes and amines also proved to be the source of versatile ligands for many transition metals where they act as ligand donor groups to bind to the metal ions (Vigato & Tamburini, 2004). Schiff bases are also used to produce azo dyes (Jarrahpour & Zarei, 2004; Naeimi et al., 2007) and they also show moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis (Jarrahpour et al., 2004). In another application, So et al. synthesized and characterized a series of Schiff base derivatives, which exhibited liquid crystal properties (So et al., 2007). Given its importance in many areas of synthetic chemistry, we have synthesized a new symmetric Schiff base by the condensation of o-vanillin with m-phenylene diamine and its X-ray crystal structure is presented here.
The bond lengths and angles in (I) have normal values (Allen et al., 1987) and are comparable with those in the related structures (Eltayeb et al., 2007). The dihedral angles between the central benzene ring (C8—C13) and the terminal benzene rings [(C1—C6) and (C15—C20)] are 33.58 (7) and 35.27 (7)°, respectively. The methoxy group at C2 is slightly twisted from the attached benzene ring [C21—O1—C2—C3 = -11.33 (18)°] whereas the methoxy group at C19 is almost coplanar with the attached benzene rings with torsion angle of C22—O3—C19—C18 = 4.0 (2)°.
Intramolecular O2—H2A···N1 and O4—H4B···N2 interactions generate S(6) ring motifs (Table 1 and Figure 1) (Bernstein et al., 1995). In the crystal structure, the molecules are linked by intermolecular C4—H4A···O1, C5—H5A···O2 and C22—H22A···O4 interactions to form sheets parallel to the bc plane. These sheets are then stacked along a axis. In addition, the crystal structure is further stabilized by C—H···π interactions involving C8—C13 (centroid Cg1) and C15—C20 (centroid Cg2) (Table 1).
For related literature on hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein et al. (1995). For related literature on values of bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987). For related literature, see: Baseer et al. (2000); Bedioui et al. (1999); Campos et al. (1999); Desai et al. (2001); El-Masry et al. (2000); Eltayeb et al. (2007); Jarrahpour et al. (2004); Jarrahpour & Zarei (2004); Kabeer et al. (2001); Kuz'min, et al. (2000); More et al. (2001); Naeimi et al. (2007); Park & Kim (2000); Singh & Dash (1988); So et al. (2007); Trevin et al. (1997); Vigato & Tamburini (2004).
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell refinement: APEX2; data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1998); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2003).
C22H20N2O4 | F(000) = 1584 |
Mr = 376.40 | Dx = 1.342 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -C 2yc | Cell parameters from 5349 reflections |
a = 19.5677 (7) Å | θ = 1.5–30.3° |
b = 6.8591 (3) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
c = 29.3903 (11) Å | T = 100 K |
β = 109.131 (2)° | Block, orange |
V = 3726.8 (3) Å3 | 0.80 × 0.41 × 0.23 mm |
Z = 8 |
Bruker SMART APEX II CCD area-detector diffractometer | 5487 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3714 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.031 |
Detector resolution: 8.33 pixels mm-1 | θmax = 30.3°, θmin = 1.5° |
ω scans | h = −27→27 |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | k = −8→9 |
Tmin = 0.893, Tmax = 0.979 | l = −41→29 |
20168 measured reflections |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.159 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.07 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0877P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
5487 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
263 parameters | Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.20 e Å−3 |
C22H20N2O4 | V = 3726.8 (3) Å3 |
Mr = 376.40 | Z = 8 |
Monoclinic, C2/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 19.5677 (7) Å | µ = 0.09 mm−1 |
b = 6.8591 (3) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 29.3903 (11) Å | 0.80 × 0.41 × 0.23 mm |
β = 109.131 (2)° |
Bruker SMART APEX II CCD area-detector diffractometer | 5487 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) | 3714 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.893, Tmax = 0.979 | Rint = 0.031 |
20168 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.048 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.159 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.07 | Δρmax = 0.25 e Å−3 |
5487 reflections | Δρmin = −0.20 e Å−3 |
263 parameters |
Experimental. The data was collected with the Oxford Cyrosystem Cobra low-temperature attachment. |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
O1 | 0.48169 (5) | 0.71031 (13) | 0.12357 (4) | 0.0339 (2) | |
O2 | 0.42622 (5) | 0.70622 (12) | 0.19363 (4) | 0.0337 (3) | |
O3 | 0.41256 (5) | −0.02808 (14) | 0.47976 (3) | 0.0360 (3) | |
O4 | 0.39662 (5) | 0.28910 (15) | 0.42757 (4) | 0.0345 (2) | |
N1 | 0.37688 (6) | 0.89553 (15) | 0.25253 (4) | 0.0332 (3) | |
N2 | 0.31250 (6) | 0.55350 (17) | 0.37499 (4) | 0.0342 (3) | |
C1 | 0.44357 (7) | 0.88164 (17) | 0.17962 (5) | 0.0307 (3) | |
C2 | 0.47494 (7) | 0.88652 (18) | 0.14290 (5) | 0.0325 (3) | |
C3 | 0.49608 (8) | 1.0641 (2) | 0.12906 (6) | 0.0410 (4) | |
H3A | 0.5184 | 1.0676 | 0.1056 | 0.049* | |
C4 | 0.48410 (10) | 1.2363 (2) | 0.15010 (6) | 0.0483 (4) | |
H4A | 0.4987 | 1.3543 | 0.1407 | 0.058* | |
C5 | 0.45103 (9) | 1.2344 (2) | 0.18464 (6) | 0.0459 (4) | |
H5A | 0.4422 | 1.3512 | 0.1978 | 0.055* | |
C6 | 0.43032 (7) | 1.05683 (19) | 0.20024 (5) | 0.0349 (3) | |
C7 | 0.39534 (7) | 1.05516 (19) | 0.23658 (5) | 0.0367 (3) | |
H7A | 0.3858 | 1.1732 | 0.2489 | 0.044* | |
C8 | 0.33731 (7) | 0.89671 (18) | 0.28512 (5) | 0.0334 (3) | |
C9 | 0.28861 (8) | 1.0459 (2) | 0.28590 (6) | 0.0405 (4) | |
H9A | 0.2836 | 1.1543 | 0.2661 | 0.049* | |
C10 | 0.24824 (8) | 1.0302 (2) | 0.31643 (6) | 0.0445 (4) | |
H10A | 0.2163 | 1.1298 | 0.3171 | 0.053* | |
C11 | 0.25398 (7) | 0.8711 (2) | 0.34595 (6) | 0.0413 (4) | |
H11A | 0.2261 | 0.8632 | 0.3662 | 0.050* | |
C12 | 0.30233 (7) | 0.7206 (2) | 0.34523 (5) | 0.0343 (3) | |
C13 | 0.34366 (7) | 0.73609 (19) | 0.31490 (5) | 0.0328 (3) | |
H13A | 0.3761 | 0.6373 | 0.3146 | 0.039* | |
C14 | 0.26012 (7) | 0.4806 (2) | 0.38664 (5) | 0.0371 (3) | |
H14A | 0.2148 | 0.5389 | 0.3751 | 0.045* | |
C15 | 0.26938 (7) | 0.3105 (2) | 0.41726 (5) | 0.0376 (3) | |
C16 | 0.20960 (8) | 0.2280 (3) | 0.42651 (6) | 0.0516 (5) | |
H16A | 0.1644 | 0.2863 | 0.4140 | 0.062* | |
C17 | 0.21716 (8) | 0.0632 (3) | 0.45369 (6) | 0.0579 (5) | |
H17A | 0.1772 | 0.0106 | 0.4597 | 0.069* | |
C18 | 0.28455 (8) | −0.0272 (3) | 0.47251 (6) | 0.0491 (4) | |
H18A | 0.2893 | −0.1394 | 0.4910 | 0.059* | |
C19 | 0.34440 (7) | 0.0503 (2) | 0.46362 (5) | 0.0361 (3) | |
C20 | 0.33712 (7) | 0.2194 (2) | 0.43601 (5) | 0.0325 (3) | |
C21 | 0.50031 (8) | 0.7139 (2) | 0.08047 (6) | 0.0399 (4) | |
H21A | 0.4984 | 0.5840 | 0.0680 | 0.060* | |
H21B | 0.5483 | 0.7649 | 0.0874 | 0.060* | |
H21C | 0.4667 | 0.7953 | 0.0570 | 0.060* | |
C22 | 0.42160 (8) | −0.2084 (2) | 0.50499 (5) | 0.0415 (4) | |
H22A | 0.4715 | −0.2466 | 0.5147 | 0.062* | |
H22B | 0.3924 | −0.3066 | 0.4843 | 0.062* | |
H22C | 0.4070 | −0.1937 | 0.5329 | 0.062* | |
H2A | 0.4091 (9) | 0.743 (3) | 0.2201 (7) | 0.054 (5)* | |
H4B | 0.3807 (11) | 0.392 (3) | 0.4071 (8) | 0.071 (6)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
O1 | 0.0321 (5) | 0.0275 (5) | 0.0410 (6) | 0.0002 (4) | 0.0107 (4) | 0.0058 (4) |
O2 | 0.0350 (5) | 0.0188 (5) | 0.0480 (7) | −0.0009 (4) | 0.0145 (5) | 0.0020 (4) |
O3 | 0.0245 (5) | 0.0483 (6) | 0.0332 (5) | −0.0027 (4) | 0.0065 (4) | 0.0031 (4) |
O4 | 0.0207 (4) | 0.0419 (6) | 0.0408 (6) | 0.0003 (4) | 0.0099 (4) | −0.0004 (5) |
N1 | 0.0276 (5) | 0.0248 (6) | 0.0384 (7) | 0.0034 (4) | −0.0013 (5) | −0.0030 (5) |
N2 | 0.0254 (5) | 0.0406 (7) | 0.0330 (6) | 0.0049 (5) | 0.0047 (5) | −0.0097 (5) |
C1 | 0.0245 (6) | 0.0198 (6) | 0.0385 (8) | −0.0009 (4) | −0.0020 (5) | 0.0055 (5) |
C2 | 0.0246 (6) | 0.0247 (7) | 0.0393 (8) | −0.0014 (5) | −0.0015 (6) | 0.0072 (5) |
C3 | 0.0387 (8) | 0.0327 (8) | 0.0403 (9) | −0.0068 (6) | −0.0022 (6) | 0.0144 (6) |
C4 | 0.0577 (10) | 0.0262 (7) | 0.0462 (10) | −0.0104 (6) | −0.0034 (8) | 0.0127 (7) |
C5 | 0.0525 (9) | 0.0177 (7) | 0.0488 (10) | −0.0014 (6) | −0.0088 (8) | 0.0030 (6) |
C6 | 0.0316 (7) | 0.0219 (6) | 0.0385 (8) | 0.0016 (5) | −0.0058 (6) | 0.0023 (5) |
C7 | 0.0327 (7) | 0.0223 (6) | 0.0408 (8) | 0.0053 (5) | −0.0075 (6) | −0.0056 (6) |
C8 | 0.0249 (6) | 0.0296 (7) | 0.0359 (8) | 0.0039 (5) | −0.0032 (6) | −0.0103 (6) |
C9 | 0.0320 (7) | 0.0321 (7) | 0.0443 (9) | 0.0105 (6) | −0.0052 (6) | −0.0082 (6) |
C10 | 0.0334 (7) | 0.0411 (8) | 0.0483 (9) | 0.0173 (6) | −0.0013 (7) | −0.0141 (7) |
C11 | 0.0274 (7) | 0.0472 (9) | 0.0417 (8) | 0.0109 (6) | 0.0010 (6) | −0.0152 (7) |
C12 | 0.0238 (6) | 0.0372 (8) | 0.0338 (8) | 0.0057 (5) | −0.0016 (5) | −0.0113 (6) |
C13 | 0.0230 (6) | 0.0291 (7) | 0.0392 (8) | 0.0067 (5) | 0.0003 (6) | −0.0095 (6) |
C14 | 0.0215 (6) | 0.0564 (9) | 0.0301 (7) | 0.0070 (6) | 0.0038 (6) | −0.0090 (6) |
C15 | 0.0223 (6) | 0.0623 (10) | 0.0269 (7) | 0.0011 (6) | 0.0063 (5) | −0.0054 (6) |
C16 | 0.0208 (7) | 0.0974 (14) | 0.0370 (9) | 0.0051 (7) | 0.0101 (6) | 0.0044 (9) |
C17 | 0.0258 (7) | 0.1075 (15) | 0.0429 (10) | −0.0062 (8) | 0.0147 (7) | 0.0139 (10) |
C18 | 0.0299 (7) | 0.0806 (12) | 0.0361 (9) | −0.0060 (7) | 0.0099 (7) | 0.0115 (8) |
C19 | 0.0226 (6) | 0.0594 (9) | 0.0247 (7) | −0.0022 (6) | 0.0058 (5) | −0.0027 (6) |
C20 | 0.0207 (6) | 0.0510 (9) | 0.0255 (7) | −0.0023 (5) | 0.0072 (5) | −0.0072 (6) |
C21 | 0.0355 (7) | 0.0430 (8) | 0.0390 (8) | 0.0019 (6) | 0.0092 (6) | 0.0109 (7) |
C22 | 0.0342 (7) | 0.0578 (10) | 0.0287 (7) | −0.0065 (7) | 0.0053 (6) | 0.0059 (7) |
O1—C2 | 1.3602 (16) | C9—C10 | 1.380 (2) |
O1—C21 | 1.4285 (18) | C9—H9A | 0.9300 |
O2—C1 | 1.3506 (15) | C10—C11 | 1.376 (2) |
O2—H2A | 0.975 (18) | C10—H10A | 0.9300 |
O3—C19 | 1.3704 (16) | C11—C12 | 1.4051 (18) |
O3—C22 | 1.4229 (18) | C11—H11A | 0.9300 |
O4—C20 | 1.3547 (16) | C12—C13 | 1.390 (2) |
O4—H4B | 0.91 (2) | C13—H13A | 0.9300 |
N1—C7 | 1.2884 (18) | C14—C15 | 1.448 (2) |
N1—C8 | 1.4156 (19) | C14—H14A | 0.9300 |
N2—C14 | 1.2838 (18) | C15—C16 | 1.404 (2) |
N2—C12 | 1.4156 (19) | C15—C20 | 1.4045 (19) |
C1—C2 | 1.406 (2) | C16—C17 | 1.364 (3) |
C1—C6 | 1.4076 (19) | C16—H16A | 0.9300 |
C2—C3 | 1.3895 (18) | C17—C18 | 1.397 (2) |
C3—C4 | 1.388 (2) | C17—H17A | 0.9300 |
C3—H3A | 0.9300 | C18—C19 | 1.387 (2) |
C4—C5 | 1.371 (3) | C18—H18A | 0.9300 |
C4—H4A | 0.9300 | C19—C20 | 1.396 (2) |
C5—C6 | 1.407 (2) | C21—H21A | 0.9600 |
C5—H5A | 0.9300 | C21—H21B | 0.9600 |
C6—C7 | 1.445 (2) | C21—H21C | 0.9600 |
C7—H7A | 0.9300 | C22—H22A | 0.9600 |
C8—C13 | 1.387 (2) | C22—H22B | 0.9600 |
C8—C9 | 1.4036 (18) | C22—H22C | 0.9600 |
C2—O1—C21 | 116.28 (10) | C13—C12—C11 | 119.31 (14) |
C1—O2—H2A | 101.6 (10) | C13—C12—N2 | 117.69 (11) |
C19—O3—C22 | 117.51 (11) | C11—C12—N2 | 122.98 (14) |
C20—O4—H4B | 105.4 (12) | C8—C13—C12 | 120.98 (12) |
C7—N1—C8 | 121.48 (11) | C8—C13—H13A | 119.5 |
C14—N2—C12 | 121.16 (11) | C12—C13—H13A | 119.5 |
O2—C1—C2 | 118.15 (11) | N2—C14—C15 | 122.10 (12) |
O2—C1—C6 | 121.95 (14) | N2—C14—H14A | 118.9 |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.90 (12) | C15—C14—H14A | 118.9 |
O1—C2—C3 | 125.29 (14) | C16—C15—C20 | 118.94 (15) |
O1—C2—C1 | 115.21 (10) | C16—C15—C14 | 120.17 (13) |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.50 (13) | C20—C15—C14 | 120.81 (12) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.36 (16) | C17—C16—C15 | 120.66 (14) |
C4—C3—H3A | 119.8 | C17—C16—H16A | 119.7 |
C2—C3—H3A | 119.8 | C15—C16—H16A | 119.7 |
C5—C4—C3 | 120.76 (13) | C16—C17—C18 | 120.46 (14) |
C5—C4—H4A | 119.6 | C16—C17—H17A | 119.8 |
C3—C4—H4A | 119.6 | C18—C17—H17A | 119.8 |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.37 (14) | C19—C18—C17 | 120.09 (17) |
C4—C5—H5A | 119.8 | C19—C18—H18A | 120.0 |
C6—C5—H5A | 119.8 | C17—C18—H18A | 120.0 |
C5—C6—C1 | 119.03 (15) | O3—C19—C18 | 124.81 (15) |
C5—C6—C7 | 120.29 (13) | O3—C19—C20 | 115.43 (12) |
C1—C6—C7 | 120.67 (12) | C18—C19—C20 | 119.76 (13) |
N1—C7—C6 | 122.19 (12) | O4—C20—C19 | 118.02 (12) |
N1—C7—H7A | 118.9 | O4—C20—C15 | 121.89 (13) |
C6—C7—H7A | 118.9 | C19—C20—C15 | 120.08 (12) |
C13—C8—C9 | 119.33 (14) | O1—C21—H21A | 109.5 |
C13—C8—N1 | 117.82 (11) | O1—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C9—C8—N1 | 122.69 (13) | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C10—C9—C8 | 119.34 (14) | O1—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C10—C9—H9A | 120.3 | H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C8—C9—H9A | 120.3 | H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C11—C10—C9 | 121.73 (13) | O3—C22—H22A | 109.5 |
C11—C10—H10A | 119.1 | O3—C22—H22B | 109.5 |
C9—C10—H10A | 119.1 | H22A—C22—H22B | 109.5 |
C10—C11—C12 | 119.31 (15) | O3—C22—H22C | 109.5 |
C10—C11—H11A | 120.3 | H22A—C22—H22C | 109.5 |
C12—C11—H11A | 120.3 | H22B—C22—H22C | 109.5 |
C21—O1—C2—C3 | −11.33 (18) | C10—C11—C12—N2 | 178.88 (13) |
C21—O1—C2—C1 | 168.48 (11) | C14—N2—C12—C13 | −148.15 (13) |
O2—C1—C2—O1 | 2.78 (17) | C14—N2—C12—C11 | 33.3 (2) |
C6—C1—C2—O1 | −176.44 (11) | C9—C8—C13—C12 | 0.31 (19) |
O2—C1—C2—C3 | −177.40 (11) | N1—C8—C13—C12 | −175.16 (12) |
C6—C1—C2—C3 | 3.38 (19) | C11—C12—C13—C8 | −0.6 (2) |
O1—C2—C3—C4 | 177.57 (13) | N2—C12—C13—C8 | −179.22 (11) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −2.2 (2) | C12—N2—C14—C15 | −179.64 (12) |
C2—C3—C4—C5 | −0.3 (2) | N2—C14—C15—C16 | −175.80 (14) |
C3—C4—C5—C6 | 1.7 (2) | N2—C14—C15—C20 | 0.8 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C1 | −0.5 (2) | C20—C15—C16—C17 | 0.7 (2) |
C4—C5—C6—C7 | −179.89 (13) | C14—C15—C16—C17 | 177.33 (16) |
O2—C1—C6—C5 | 178.77 (12) | C15—C16—C17—C18 | −0.5 (3) |
C2—C1—C6—C5 | −2.04 (19) | C16—C17—C18—C19 | −0.1 (3) |
O2—C1—C6—C7 | −1.82 (19) | C22—O3—C19—C18 | 4.0 (2) |
C2—C1—C6—C7 | 177.37 (11) | C22—O3—C19—C20 | −175.40 (12) |
C8—N1—C7—C6 | −174.64 (11) | C17—C18—C19—O3 | −179.07 (15) |
C5—C6—C7—N1 | −178.56 (12) | C17—C18—C19—C20 | 0.3 (3) |
C1—C6—C7—N1 | 2.0 (2) | O3—C19—C20—O4 | 0.32 (19) |
C7—N1—C8—C13 | −154.90 (12) | C18—C19—C20—O4 | −179.14 (14) |
C7—N1—C8—C9 | 29.79 (19) | O3—C19—C20—C15 | 179.36 (13) |
C13—C8—C9—C10 | 0.27 (19) | C18—C19—C20—C15 | −0.1 (2) |
N1—C8—C9—C10 | 175.51 (13) | C16—C15—C20—O4 | 178.60 (13) |
C8—C9—C10—C11 | −0.5 (2) | C14—C15—C20—O4 | 2.0 (2) |
C9—C10—C11—C12 | 0.2 (2) | C16—C15—C20—C19 | −0.4 (2) |
C10—C11—C12—C13 | 0.4 (2) | C14—C15—C20—C19 | −177.03 (13) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O2—H2A···N1 | 0.98 (2) | 1.67 (2) | 2.590 (2) | 155 (2) |
O4—H4B···N2 | 0.91 (2) | 1.75 (2) | 2.592 (2) | 151 (2) |
C4—H4A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.50 | 3.340 (2) | 151 |
C5—H5A···O2i | 0.93 | 2.45 | 3.296 (2) | 151 |
C22—H22A···O4ii | 0.96 | 2.60 | 3.502 (2) | 157 |
C9—H9A···Cg1iii | 0.93 | 2.86 | 3.709 (2) | 152 |
C11—H11A···Cg2i | 0.93 | 2.91 | 3.351 (2) | 111 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1, z; (ii) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C22H20N2O4 |
Mr | 376.40 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, C2/c |
Temperature (K) | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 19.5677 (7), 6.8591 (3), 29.3903 (11) |
β (°) | 109.131 (2) |
V (Å3) | 3726.8 (3) |
Z | 8 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.09 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.80 × 0.41 × 0.23 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker SMART APEX II CCD area-detector |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.893, 0.979 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 20168, 5487, 3714 |
Rint | 0.031 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.710 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.048, 0.159, 1.07 |
No. of reflections | 5487 |
No. of parameters | 263 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.25, −0.20 |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), APEX2, SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 1998), SHELXTL and PLATON (Spek, 2003).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O2—H2A···N1 | 0.98 (2) | 1.67 (2) | 2.590 (2) | 155 (2) |
O4—H4B···N2 | 0.91 (2) | 1.75 (2) | 2.592 (2) | 151 (2) |
C4—H4A···O1i | 0.93 | 2.50 | 3.340 (2) | 151 |
C5—H5A···O2i | 0.93 | 2.45 | 3.296 (2) | 151 |
C22—H22A···O4ii | 0.96 | 2.60 | 3.502 (2) | 157 |
C9—H9A···Cg1iii | 0.93 | 2.86 | 3.709 (2) | 152 |
C11—H11A···Cg2i | 0.93 | 2.9084 | 3.351 (2) | 111 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y+1, z; (ii) −x+1, −y, −z+1; (iii) −x+1/2, y+1/2, −z+1/2. |
Schiff bases rank among the most versatile synthetic organic intermediates. They are reported to show a variety of biological activities including antifungal (Singh & Dash, 1988; More et al., 2001), antibacterial (Baseer et al., 2000; El-Masry et al., 2000; Kabeer et al., 2001) and anticancer (Kuz'min et al., 2000; Desai et al., 2001) among others. They are also employed as receptors to the neutral guest molecules (Park & Kim, 2000) and found many applications in bioorganic catalysis, separation process and environmental chemistry (Trevin et al., 1997; Bedioui et al., 1999; Campos et al., 1999). The imines formed from the reaction of the aldehydes and amines also proved to be the source of versatile ligands for many transition metals where they act as ligand donor groups to bind to the metal ions (Vigato & Tamburini, 2004). Schiff bases are also used to produce azo dyes (Jarrahpour & Zarei, 2004; Naeimi et al., 2007) and they also show moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis (Jarrahpour et al., 2004). In another application, So et al. synthesized and characterized a series of Schiff base derivatives, which exhibited liquid crystal properties (So et al., 2007). Given its importance in many areas of synthetic chemistry, we have synthesized a new symmetric Schiff base by the condensation of o-vanillin with m-phenylene diamine and its X-ray crystal structure is presented here.
The bond lengths and angles in (I) have normal values (Allen et al., 1987) and are comparable with those in the related structures (Eltayeb et al., 2007). The dihedral angles between the central benzene ring (C8—C13) and the terminal benzene rings [(C1—C6) and (C15—C20)] are 33.58 (7) and 35.27 (7)°, respectively. The methoxy group at C2 is slightly twisted from the attached benzene ring [C21—O1—C2—C3 = -11.33 (18)°] whereas the methoxy group at C19 is almost coplanar with the attached benzene rings with torsion angle of C22—O3—C19—C18 = 4.0 (2)°.
Intramolecular O2—H2A···N1 and O4—H4B···N2 interactions generate S(6) ring motifs (Table 1 and Figure 1) (Bernstein et al., 1995). In the crystal structure, the molecules are linked by intermolecular C4—H4A···O1, C5—H5A···O2 and C22—H22A···O4 interactions to form sheets parallel to the bc plane. These sheets are then stacked along a axis. In addition, the crystal structure is further stabilized by C—H···π interactions involving C8—C13 (centroid Cg1) and C15—C20 (centroid Cg2) (Table 1).