On the structural relations of malachite. II. The brochantite MDO polytypes

The structural relation between malachite and the brochantite MDO (maximum degree of order) polytypes is discussed. It is demonstrated that the same building blocks which form the basis of brochantite polytypism also occur in malachite. The different arrangements of these building blocks in the two mineral structures are rationalized as a result of the different coordination geometries required by the respective non-metal atoms acting as linkers. The compound stoichiometries are discussed in light of a common structured formula scheme, in which pairs of H atoms can play a similar role as single non-H atoms. An overview on the occurrence of malachite-like building blocks in several other crystal structures is given.