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The quantification of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in LiNbO3 piezoelectric crystals by stroboscopic X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM), with a temporal smearing below 80 ps and a spatial resolution below 100 nm, is reported. The contrast mechanism is the varying piezoelectric surface potential associated with the SAW phase. Thus, kinetic energy spectra of photoemitted secondary electrons measure directly the SAW electrical amplitude and allow for the quantification of the associated strain. The stroboscopic imaging combined with a deliberate detuning allows resolving and quantifying the respective standing and propagating components of SAWs from a superposition of waves. Furthermore, standing-wave components can also be imaged by low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM). Our method opens the door to studies that quantitatively correlate SAWs excitation with a variety of sample electronic, magnetic and chemical properties.

Supporting information

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Portable Document Format (PDF) file https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518015370/il5014sup1.pdf
Section S1, detection of working IDTs inside the PEEM sample stage, plus Sections S2 to S4 detailing supporting Videos S1 and S2 and the interactive applet

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AVI file https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518015370/il5014sup2.avi
Video S1: 500 MHz SAW as time dependent stroboscopic XPEEM images acquired with only one IDT excited

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AVI file https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518015370/il5014sup3.avi
Video S2: 500 MHz SAW as time dependent stroboscopic XPEEM images acquired with two opposing IDTs excited with equal amplitude

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Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML) file https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577518015370/il5014sup4.html
Interactive applet to plot propagating and standing SAW patterns from two IDTs


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